Emotion Dysregulation in Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder and its Treatment

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder that may seriously affect youth’s home, school, and social functions. Comorbidity with emotion dysregulation in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder increases the severity of symptoms, leads to more risky behaviors, more deterioration in peer relationships, social and romantic relationships. There are many methods for assessing emotion dysregulation in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. There are several pharma-cological and non-pharmacological treatment approaches available in treatment of emotion dysregu-lation among patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The aim of this article is to review the impact of emotion dysregulation in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its treatment

Evaluation Of Impulsivity Symptoms And Family Functioning In Adolescents Diagnosed With Obsessive Compulsive Disorder And Their Mothers

Objective: In a variety of clinic studies, it has been shown that impulsivity is one of the core symptoms of Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The aim of the present study is comparing the impulsivity symptoms of adolescents who are diagnosed with OCD and their mothers with controls; family functioning is also evaluated. Method: The study group consisted of 31 cases (11-18 years old) diagnosed with OCD. The control group (n=32) comprised patients of other clinics at hospital and was matched for gender and age to the OCD patients. Barrat Impusivity Scale 11 (BIS-11) was used for evaluaitng impulsivity symptoms in adolescents and their mothers. Family Assesssment Device (FAD) was used to examine family functioning. Results:There was no significant difference between sociodemographic data of two groups. When cases and controls were compared with BIS-11; all subscales scores and total score of BIS-11were statistically significant higher in OCD group and also mothers of OCD group had statistically significant higher scores in total score of BIS-11 and subscales except motor impulsivity. Also in comparing the grups with FAD; OCD group had statistically significant higher scores in all subscales except affective responsiveness. Conclusion: OCD is an important chronic psychiatric disorder which affects functionality seriously. Cases diagnosed with OCD and their mothers have more impulsivity symptoms and these symptoms affects family functioning. Further studies are needed to examine genetic and enviromental common risk factors between OCD and impulsivity [JCBPR 2016; 5(2.000): 57-64

Comparison of Family Functioning, Maternal Mental Health and Maternal Coping Strategies, Between The Cases Who Are Diagnosed with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder and The Cases Who Are Diagnosed with Intellectual Disability

Aim: Comparision of family functioning, maternal mental health and maternal coping strategies, between the cases who are diagnosed with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the cases who are diagnosed with intellectual disability (ID) and controls, was aimed in this study. Method: The study group consisted of 52 cases diagnosed with ADHD and 53 cases diagnosed with ID who are 6-12 years old. The control group (n=101) comprised patients of other clinics at hospital and was similar for gender and age to the ADHD and ID patients.. Sociodemographic form , family assessment device (FAD), general health questionnaire (GHQ), ways of coping inventory (WCI) were used to provide the data of the study. The forms were filled by mothers. Results: The sociodemographic features of cases and controls were similar. There was statistically significant difference in coping strategies and general mental health between groups. Roles, affective involvement, behaviour control subscales of family assessment device were statistically significant different between three groups while the other subscales of family assessment device were similar between groups. Conclusion: The finding, that mothers of children who are diagnosed with ADHD or ID have more difficulties in maternal mental health and maternal coping strategies and family functioning, showed that evaluating family functioning and especially maternal mental health and maternal coping strategies is as important as treating the children. [JCBPR 2016; 5(2.000): 65-74

Equine assisted activities have positive effects on children with autism spectrum disorder and family functioning

Equine-assisted activities (EAA) have emerged as a new method of treatment for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in recent years. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of EAA in the areas of social functioning, autistic behaviours, family functioning, and clinical severity for children diagnosed with ASD. The participants were 24 children (4-12 years old) diagnosed with ASD and their mothers. Subjects were randomized into two groups, and the programme consisted of eight sessions of EAA. A social communication questionnaire and clinical global impression scale were used to evaluate the severity of autistic behaviours, and family assessment device was used for family functioning, while the Beck Depression Inventory was used to evaluate the severity of maternal depression. The results suggested that the severity of ASD decreases and improvements in maternal mental health and family functioning were observed in the experimental group, while no significant results were observed in the control group. This study provided preliminary evidence that an eight-week EAA can provide significant improvements in terms of both family and child functioning for children diagnosed with ASD. Further studies in larger samples are needed to investigate these effects

Comparision of Parent Reported Sleeping Habits and Sleep Problems Between Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder and Healthy Controls

Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) children has been shown to affect the quality of sleep. In this study it is aimed to evaluate sleep habits and sleep problems between the cases who are diagnosed with ADHD and healthy controls. The study group consisted of 61 children (8-12 years old) with ADHD; the control group (87 children) comprised patients of other clinics at hospital. The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) and DuPaul ADHD Rating Scale vere used. Children's sleep habits and sleep problems were assessed with the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire. ADHD group compared to healthy controls; statistical significant difference was found in bedtime resistance, the sleep onset delay, the sleep duration, the sleep anxiety, the night wakings, the parasomnias and the daytime sleepiness but statistical significant difference wasnt found the sleep disordered breathing. In our study, problems in the sleep habits evaluated by parents ADHD are more than campared with healty controls likewise literature. However, further studies with larger sample size and objective measures such as actigraphy and polysomnography may allow us to have more knowledge in this area. [JCBPR 2017; 6(3.000): 108-114

Evaluation of maternal attachment, self-efficacy, levels of depression, and anxiety in mothers who have babies diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the emotional stress and its effects on parental self-efficacy and mother-infant attachment in mothers whose babies were diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)

Comparing Family Functioning and Maternal Anxiety in Children with Attention and Hyperactivity Disorder and Controls

Aim: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder. Factors related with parents affect family functioning and make changes in ADHD symptoms . We aimed to evaluate maternal anxiety and family functioning in children with ADHD comparing with controls and their mothers. Method: The study group consisted of 62 children (6-12 years old) diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. The control group (62 children) comprised patients of other clinics at hospital and was matched for gender and age to the ADHD patients. The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children- Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) was used to diagnose ADHD and allowed comorbidities. All patients were treatment-naive. Du Paul Atention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder-Rating Scale -IV Inventory for ADHD symptoms, Family Assessment Device (FAD) for family functioning, State Trait Anxiety Inventory for maternal anxiety were used. Results: There was no significant difference between sociodemographic data of two groups.. The families of children with ADHD had more family dysfunction in roles, behavioral control, affective involvement subscales.. Mothers of children with ADHD had higher scores than controls in State and Trait Anxiet Inventory forms. Conclusion: ADHD generally continues into adolescence and adulthood and multiple functional impairments can be occured due to ADHD. If the relationship between maternal anxiety, family functioning and ADHD is understood well, treatment of ADHD will be provided more effectively. [JCBPR 2015; 4(3.000): 162-172

Is Triple P Positive Parenting Program Effective on Anxious Children and Their Parents? 4th Month Follow up Results

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Triple P Positive Parenting Program, which has been shown to be effective in reducing children's behavior problems in a variety of populations, on childhood anxiety disorders. This is an open-labelled continuation study of the randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial which is done 4 months after the intervention. A total of 50 subjects ages between 8 and 12 diagnosed with anxiety disorder were enrolled to the open-labelled phase of the study. The two groups were compared right before and 4 months after the implementation with various questionnares which measured the children's amotional and behavioral problems and anxiety severity and parental general well being and axiety were also evaluated. Children's general anxiety level and anxiety disorder severity of intervention group were significantly lower than waiting list group. In this study, it is shown that parental anxiety and general well being were also improved. Our results suggest that Triple P may be an effective and useful method of treatment for anxious children. Large sample sized studies are needed

A hypothermia case with early onset schizophrenia treated with clozapine

The usage of antipsychotics in children and adolescents increase in the general of the world and it was reported that 90% of these antipsychotics were atypical antipsychotic by researchers. Clozapine is considered to be the prototype of the atypical antipsychotics, as it was the first to be recognized as having less extrapyramidal side effects, not causing tardive dyskinesia, and not elevating prolactin. Clozapine is not a first choice antipsychotic but it can be used when other antipsychotics cannot be effective. Atypical antipsychotics, also clozapine, alter ability of body to regulate response to changes in temperature and humidity, patients may become hypothermic or hyperthermic; more likely in temperature changes due to inhibition of the hypothalamic control area. Transient temperature alteration can occur with clozapine in up to 50% of patients, usually within the first three weeks of treatment. In this article we present a 17 years old male adolescent with early onset schizophrenia. Although three different atypical antipsychotics were used and there was no treatment response in that case. After clozapine was administered, transient thermoregulation alteration was seen at the beginning of the treatment

Anxiety Disorder Due to Epilepsy: A Case Report

Epileptic patients present with psychiatric disorders more frequently than the general population and patients with other chronic medical conditions. Psychiatric disorders can co-occur with epilepsy and can be caused by epilepsy. Personality changes, as well as psychosis, and mood or anxiety disorders can occur in association with epilepsy. Anxiety disorders due to epilepsy can manifest as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias, or obsessive-compulsive disorder. The risk of an anxiety disorder is higher in patients with focal epilepsy, especially those with temporal lobe epilepsy, but an anxiety disorder can also occur in patients with frontal lobe epilepsy or generalized tonic-clonic epilepsy. Herein we present a 41-year-old female patient with comorbid anxiety disorder and epilepsy that improved following initiation of antiepileptic medication