Development of an SPR imaging biosensor for determination of cathepsin G in saliva and white blood cells

Cathepsin G (CatG) is an endopeptidase that is associated with the early immune response. The synthetic compound cathepsin G inhibitor I (CGI-I) was tested for its ability to inhibit the activity of CatG via a new surface plasmon resonance imaging assay. CGI-I was immobilized on the gold surface of an SPR sensor that was first modified with 1-octadecanethiol. A concentration of CGI-I equal to 4.0 μg·mL-1 and a pH of 8.0 were found to give the best results. The dynamic response of the sensor ranges from 0.25 to 1.5 ng·mL-1, and the detection limit is 0.12 ng·mL-1. The sensor was applied to detect CatG in human saliva and white blood cells

Levels Of Interleukin-8 During Tooth Movement

A host-derived neutrophil-activating cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) is secreted mainly by monocytes and is considered to be important in regulating alveolar bone resorption during tooth movement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of IL-8 during mechanical forces on periodontal tissues at different stages of orthodontic therapy. Ten canine teeth of patients having different Angle classifications were selected for the study. After the premolars were extracted, the maxillary/mandibular canines were tipped distally. Gingival crevicular fluid was sampled from mesial and distal gingival crevices of each canine separately at baseline and one hour, 24 hours, six days, 10 days, and 30 days after the application of the force. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantitative detection of IL-8 was used. Although there was an increase in the concentration of IL-8 at tension (mesial) sites after one hour, 24 hours, six days, and 10 days, a decrease was observed at 30 days. Pressure (distal) sites did not demonstrate such an increase at any period except at 10 days. However, the concentration of IL-8 at both sites showed a similar decrease and approached each other at day 30. We concluded that local host response toward the orthodontic forces might lead an increase in IL-8 and neutrophil accumulation, and this may be one of the triggers for bone remodeling processes.Wo

Neopterin Profile To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Treatment In Aggressive Periodontitis

Periodontal disease results from the interaction of the host defence mechanisms with the microbial dental plaque. Analysis of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) provides a non-invasive means of evaluating the role of the host response in periodontal disease. Based on our previous study, demonstrating increased levels of neopterin in GCF and saliva from patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP), the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal treatment on the levels of neopterin in GCF, saliva and urine of patients with AgP. Pre-treatment values of neopterin in GCF were 4.04 +/- 0.86 nmol/ml for the AgP group (n=8) and 2.68 +/- 0.90 nmol/ml for the control group (n=8; difference not significant). After periodontal treatment, the level of neopterin was found 2.38 +/- 0.72 nmol/ml in the patient group which did not differ from pre-treatment levels. The salivary neopterin concentration was higher in both AgP groups (14.14 +/- 2.85 nmol/l and 8.02 +/- 3.12 nmol/l, before and after periodontal treatment) than in controls (2.58 +/- 0.3 nmol/l; both p<0.05). No significant difference in salivary neopterin level was observed in patients before and after periodontal treatment. Concentrations of urine neopterin in patients before treatment were 188.5 +/- 30.98 mumol neopterin/mol creatinine and 168.1 +/- 20.21 mumol in controls (difference not significant). Following periodontal treatment, the urinary neopterin levels (310.1 +/- 39.82 mumol neopterin/mol creatinine) were higher when compared to the baseline levels and to controls (p<0.05). Our results suggest that neopterin in saliva and GCF might. be associated with the periodontal diseases process.Wo

The influence of diabetes on gingival crevicular fluid beta-glucuronidase and interleukin-8

WOS: 000240918100004PubMed ID: 16911568Objectives: Polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) dysfunction is associated with diabetes. We examined the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) beta-glucuronidase (BG) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels of periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Material and methods: Forty five adults with type 2 DM and 32 adults without DM, both with chronic periodontitis were enrolled. GCF was collected from eight posterior sites in each quadrant, and periodontal parameters were recorded. GCF was assayed for IL-8 by ELISA and BG by a flourometric assay. Results: GCF IL-8 was positively correlated with probing depth (PD), and GCF BG but not clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), or plaque index (PI). In contrast, GCF BG was strongly correlated with each of the clinical measures of periodontal disease. Subjects with DM significantly lower levels of both BG (73.0 +/- 44.8 versus 121.9 +/- 84.6 pg/sample; p = 0.002) and IL-8 (32.1 +/- 33.1 versus 90.8 +/- 83.2 pg/sample; p <0.0001) even after adjustments for age, gender, PD, CAL, BOP, and PI. Neither BG nor IL-8 was correlated with HbA1c levels in subjects with DM. Conclusion: These data suggest that an inadequate local response by PMN, partially explained by an altered chemokine gradient, may contribute to periodontal disease in patients with type 2 DM.NIDCR NIH HHSUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) [DE 00449