Non-Hermitian Dirac Hamiltonian in three dimensional gravity and pseudo-supersymmetry

The Dirac Hamiltonian in the (2+1) dimensional curved space-time has been studied with a metric for an expanding de Sitter space-time which is a two sphere. The spectrum and the exact solutions of the time dependent non-Hermitian and angle dependent Hamiltonians are obtained in terms of the Jacobi and Romanovski polynomials. Hermitian equivalent of the Hamiltonian obtained from the Dirac equation is discussed in the frame of pseudo-Hermiticity. Furthermore, pseudo-supersymmetric quantum mechanical techniques are expanded to a curved Dirac Hamiltonian and a partner curved Dirac Hamiltonian is generated. Using \eta-pseudo-Hermiticity, the intertwining operator connecting the non-Hermitian Hamiltonians to the Hermitian counterparts is found. We have obtained a new metric tensor related to the new Hamiltonian

Integrated Decision Making in Global Supply Chains and Networks

One of the more visible and often controversial effects of globalization is the rising trend in global sourcing, commonly referred to as outsourcing, offshoring or offshore outsourcing. Today, many organizations experience the necessity of growing globally in order to remain profitable and competitive. This research focuses on the process that organizations undergo in making strategic decisions of whether or not to go offshore, and then on the location and volume of these offshore operations.This research considers the strategic decision of offshoring and sub-divides it into two components: analysis of monetary benefits and evaluation of intangible variables. In this research, these two components are integrated by developing an analytical decision approach that can incorporate quantitative and qualitative factors in a structure based on multiple solution methodologies. The decision approach developed consists of two phases which concurrently assess the offshoring decision by utilizing mixed integer programming and multi-attribute decision modeling, specifically using Analytic Network Process, followed by multi-objective optimization and tradeoff analysis. The decision approach is further enhanced by employing engineering economic tools such as life cycle costing and activity based costing. As a result, the approach determines optimal offshoring strategies and provides a framework to investigate the optimality of the decisions with changing parameters and priorities.The applicability, compliance and effectiveness of the developed integrated decision making approach is demonstrated on two real life cases in two different industry types. Through empirical studies, different dimensions of offshoring decisions are examined, classified and characterized within the framework of the developed decision approach. The solutions are evaluated by their value, level of support and relevance to the decision makers.The utilization of the developed systematic approach showed that counterintuitive decisions may sometimes be the best strategy.This study contributes to the literature with a comprehensive decision approach for determining the most advantageous offshoring location and distribution strategies by integrating multiple solution methodologies. This approach can be adapted in the corporate world as a tool to improve global vision

Distribution and Globalization: A Wage Bargaining Model

This paper develops a model of distribution to analyze the effects of neoliberal globalization on labor in the developing countries. Distribution is determined via wage bargaining by workers, price setting by firms, and improvements in productivity. The full model has the nature of a Post-Keynesian conflicting claims model for an open economy under the pressure of globalization. The conflict inflation is extended to an open economy case with imported inputs, where the pass through effect of the depreciation of the local currency also becomes important. The variables that reflect the macroeconomic effects of globalization are modeled as parameters that affect the bargaining power of labor on two levels: the first group is related with the interaction with the global economy, i.e. international trade, and FDI. The second is about the domestic fiscal and monetary policy variables, which are particularly related to the specific form that globalization takes in the era of neoliberalism, i.e. government expenditures, and the interest rate. Then the model is solved for distribution of income, i.e. the wage share, thus a reduced form of the model is obtained, which is estimated in a companion paper to test whether the change in the international and domestic macroeconomic environment has affected the decline the labor’s share.Labor’s share, neoliberal policies, globalization

A Model of Exchange-Rate-Based Stabilization for Turkey

The literature on the exchange-rate-based stabilization has focused almost exclusively in Latin America. Many other countries however, such as Egypt, Lebanon and Turkey; have undertaken this sort of programs in the last 10-15 years. I depart from the existing literature by developing a model specifically for the 2000-2001 heterodox exchange-rate-based stabilization program in Turkey: When the government lowers the rate of crawl, the rate of domestic credit creation is set equal to the lower rate of crawl, bond sales finance the fiscal deficit, and money growth occurs only through capital inflows. Without appealing to high intertemporal elasticity of substitution, the model does very well at replicating the magnitude of the current account deficit (5.5% of GDP predicted vs. 5% of GNP actual), the peak in total consumption spending (10.08% predicted vs. 9.6% actual), average growth rate in total consumption spending (6.7% predicted vs. 6% actual), the peak in durables spending (37.06% predicted vs. 39.5% actual), and the average growth rate in durables spending (24% predicted vs. 27.4% actual) observed in Turkey following the inception of the program.inflation, exchange-rate-based stabilization, durables