Preoperative Evaluation of Computed Tomography Perfusion: Its Significance for the Risk Assessment of Cerebrovascular Complications Perioperatively1

Neurological complications occur with an overall frequency of 2.8% perioperatively. Although ultrasound imaging is an excellent modality for the risk assessment of carotid arterial diseases, no comprehensive information can be obtained with respect to the intracranial cerebral blood flow. Recent advent of computed tomography perfusion (CTP) imaging has made it possible to directly measure the cerebral blood flow at any intracranial region of interest. We describe here an efficacy of CT perfusion imaging in the preoperative settings for the risk assessment of neurological complications, especially in cases with carotid arterial stenosis/occlusion

Image preference estimation with a data-driven approach: A comparative study between gaze and image features

Understanding how humans subjectively look at and evaluate images is an important task for various applications in the field of multimedia interaction. While it has been repeatedly pointed out that eye movements can be used to infer the internal states of humans, not many successes have been reported concerning image understanding. We investigate the possibility of image preference estimation based on a person’s eye movements in a supervised manner in this paper. A dataset of eye movements is collected while the participants are viewing pairs of natural images, and it is used to train image preference label classifiers. The input feature is defined as a combination of various fixation and saccade event statistics, and the use of the random forest algorithm allows us to quantitatively assess how each of the statistics contributes to the classification task. We show that the gaze-based classifier had a higher level of accuracy than metadata-based baseline methods and a simple rule-based classifier throughout the experiments. We also present a quantitative comparison with image-based preference classifiers and discuss the potential and limitations of the gaze-based preference estimator

Tunable defect modes in chiral liquid crystals based on laser-induced modulation of helix

NanoScience + Engineering, 2007, San Diego, California, United StatesHiroyuki Yoshida, Chee Heng Lee, Yusuke Miura, Akihiko Fujii, and Masanori Ozaki "Tunable defect modes in chiral liquid crystals based on laser-induced modulation of helix", Proc. SPIE 6640, Active Photonic Crystals, 664008 (25 September 2007). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.73348

Hip Fractures after Intramedullary Nailing Fixation for Atypical Femoral Fractures: Three Cases

Secondary hip fractures (SHFs) rarely occur after intramedullary nailing (IMN) fixation without femoral neck fixation for atypical femoral fractures (AFFs). We report three cases of older Japanese women who sustained SHFs presumably caused by osteoporosis and peri-implant stress concentration around the femoral neck after undergoing IMN without femoral neck fixation for AFF. All cases were fixed with malalignment. In AFF patients, postoperative changes due to postoperative femoral bone malalignment may affect the peri-implant mechanical environment around the femoral neck, which can result in insufficiency fractures. At the first AFF surgery, we recommend femoral neck fixation after adequate reduction is achieved