13 research outputs found
Pauvreté, sécurité fonciÚre et gouvernance des paysages: Exploration des liens indéfectibles entre science, politique et action
Les pays du Sud abritent de riches Ă©cosystĂšmes naturels, mais beaucoup de ses habitants vivent dans la pauvretĂ©. Ainsi, lâAfrique subsaharienne regroupe environ la moitiĂ© des terres non cultivĂ©es de la planĂšte. Les forĂȘts couvrent environ 22 % de lâAmĂ©rique latine. Dans les pays dâAsie centrale, la surface de tous les pĂąturages Ă©tait estimĂ©e il y a dix ans Ă environ la moitiĂ© de la superficie totale des terres (BAD, 2010). Quatre des dix plus grands lacs et sept des dix plus grands bassins hydrographiques du monde, dont ceux des fleuves Amazone, Parana, Nil, Congo et Niger, sont situĂ©s dans lâhĂ©misphĂšre sud. Ces exemples ne reprĂ©sentent quâun petit Ă©chantillon des richesses de ces Ă©cosystĂšmes naturels.Non-PRIFPRI1; DCA; CRP2; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; 5 Strengthening Institutions and GovernancePIMCGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM
Assessing Accountability in Cameroon\'s Local Forest Management: Are Representatives Responsive?
No Abstract Available
Afr. j. polit. sci. Vol.9(1) 2004: 125-13
Pobreza, seguridad de la tenencia y gobernanza del paisaje: AnĂĄlisis de las interdependencias inextricables de la ciencia, la polĂtica y la acciĂłn
Los paĂses del Sur global tienen ricos ecosistemas naturales, pero mucha gente pobre. Por ejemplo, Ăfrica al sur del Sahara, contiene cerca de la mitad de las tierras no cultivadas del planeta. Los bosques cubren aproximadamente el 22 % de AmĂ©rica Latina. En los paĂses de Asia Central, se calcula que los pastos en general representaban, hace 10 años, alrededor de la mitad de la superficie total (BAD 2010). Cuatro de los 10 lagos mĂĄs grandes del mundo y 7 de los 10 rĂos con las mayores cuencas hidrogrĂĄficas, entre ellos los rĂos Amazonas, ParanĂĄ, Nilo, Congo y NĂger, se encuentran en el Sur global. Estos ejemplos representan una pequeña muestra de la riqueza de estos ecosistemas naturales.Non-PRIFPRI1; DCA; CRP2; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; 5 Strengthening Institutions and GovernancePIMCGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM
Poverty, tenure security, and landscape governance: Exploring inextricable interdependencies for science, policy, and action
Countries of the global South have rich natural ecosystems, but many poor people. Africa south of the Sahara, for example, contains about half of the earthâs uncultivated land. Forests cover approximately 22 percent of Latin America. In Central Asian countries, overall pastureland was estimated, 10 years ago, at about half of the total land area (ADB 2010). Four of the worldâs 10 largest lakes and 7 of the 10 rivers with the largest catchment areas â including the Amazon, Parana, Nile, Congo, and Niger rivers â are in the global South. These examples represent a small sample of the richness of these natural ecosystems.Non-PRIFPRI1; DCA; CRP2; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; 5 Strengthening Institutions and GovernancePIMCGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM
One step forward, two steps back? Paradoxes of natural resources management decentralisation in Cameroon
Qui reprĂ©sente qui ? Choix organisationnels, identitĂ©s sociales et formation dâune Ă©lite forestiĂšre au Cameroun
La reprĂ©sentation est un des paramĂštres de la traduction sociale de la dĂ©centralisation de la gestion des forĂȘts camerounaises. Elle consiste en la mise en place de comitĂ©s, qui, nantis de responsabilitĂ©s, deviennent lâĂ©manation des communautĂ©s villageoises considĂ©rĂ©es. Le prĂ©sent article est le produit dâun travail de recherche effectuĂ© au Sud-Cameroun depuis trois ans. En abordant dans la profondeur la question de la reprĂ©sentation environnementale telle quâelle sâexerce Ă travers la gestion dĂ©centralisĂ©e, cet article montre dans un premier temps que ladite reprĂ©sentation a Ă©tĂ© mal construite, car la dĂ©signation des membres des comitĂ©s villageois de gestion nâa pas vraiment privilĂ©giĂ© la compĂ©tition Ă©lectorale. Dans un second temps, lâarticle, avec comme prĂ©misse la dĂ©pendance et la capture des comitĂ©s par des forces extĂ©rieures, met en avant le caractĂšre non substantif et subjectif des dĂ©marches des membres des comitĂ©s de gestion. En fin de compte, les auteurs concluent que cette reprĂ©sentation environnementale nâest pas responsable et ne conduit pas Ă la dĂ©mocratie locale, parce que libre de toute redevabilitĂ©. Ils proposent pour cela des mesures de son amĂ©lioration et de son Ă©volution vers une reprĂ©sentation plus responsable.Representation is one of the parameters of the local ownership of forest management decentralization in Cameroon. Community representation under Cameroonâs forest management laws is based on village management committees with given responsibilities and powers. This article derives from a study of environmental representation in Southern Cameroon over the last three years. The article shows how environmental representation was built up through the non-democratic and non-competitive selection of management committee members. The article also shows the capture of numerous management committees, reflecting the self-seeking behaviors of their membersâ involvement in decentralized management. The authors conclude that current arrangements do not produce effective environmental representation and rural democracy, for the committees do not account downwardly to the population. They therefore propose measures to improve representation and to orient the committees to be more responsive
Au sortir dâune longue « nuit » institutionnelle, nouvelles transactions entre les politiques forestiĂšres et les sociĂ©tĂ©s rurales en RD Congo post-conflit
Depuis 2002, la RĂ©publiq ue dĂ©mocratique du Congo (RD Congo), entre «guerres et paix», sâest dotĂ©e dâun nouveau Code forestier. Entre autres innovations, le Code forestier considĂ©rĂ© pose les bases de la dĂ©centralisation de la gestion des forĂȘts. Dans lâesprit du dĂ©cideur, il sâagit lĂ dâun outil de durabilitĂ© forestiĂšre, de relance Ă©conomique et de reconstitution de lâunitĂ© du pays. Le prĂ©sent article fait une revue gĂ©nĂ©rale de cette «situation de dĂ©part». Il montre que le cadre institutionnel de gestion des forĂȘts congolaises est un levier essentiel dans ces rĂ©formes. Il dĂ©gage ensuite les atouts, sur le papier, de ce nouveau Code forestier, notamment le transfert de droits et responsabilitĂ©s de gestion aux communautĂ©s locales. Lâarticle montre enfin comment lâabsence des textes dâapplication et les faibles capacitĂ©s de lâĂtat peuvent hypothĂ©quer ledit processus de dĂ©centralisation.Since 2002, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo), between âwar and peaceâ, has a new Forestry Law. Among other innovations, this Forestry Law lays down the basis of a decentralization process for forestry management. In the logic of decision-makers, it is a tool for forest sustainability, economic recovery and the reconstitution of the territorial unity of the country, after waves of armed conflicts. This contribution presents the global context of recovery in DR Congo and characterizes the institutional and legal framework governing forest management in the country. A particular attention is paid to powers and responsibilities awarded to local communities. The article also analyses key opportunities and uncertainties related to such a decentralization trajectory. «Il faut, pour une rĂ©elle dĂ©centralisation, opĂ©rer un transfert effectif de pouvoirs Ă des autoritĂ©s locales Ă©lues, et reprĂ©sentant des intĂ©rĂȘts communs. Cette institution dâautoritĂ©s Ă©lues devrait conduire Ă la nĂ©gociation des profits et Ă la coordination de la gestion des bĂ©nĂ©fices tirĂ©s des ressources naturelles » (Bazaara 2006)
Some dimensions of local practices of natural resource management in the Central African region
The Central Africa region (CAfR), generally known as the Congo Basin, is an âeco-regionâ representing the World\'s largest rainforest after Amazonia. Its importance for biodiversity conservation, livelihoods, human well-being, research and policy-making is already well known. This paper documents given aspects of social and cultural dimensions of natural resource management (NRM) in the CAfR. It argues that these could be of scientific and strategic interest for researchers, practitioners and program designers, if relevantly taken into consideration. Since the mid 90s, countries in the CAfR are implementing profound reforms of their forest management systems. As such, natural resource manipulation is a burning issue here. Ultimately, the paper recommends that scientific and conventional knowledge should unify with local knowledge, sometimes qualified as infra-knowledge, in order to generate sustainable practices of natural resources management.
Institute of African Studies: Research Review Vol. 20(2) 2004: 23-3