Tenth Order Compact Finite Difference Schemes for One Dimensional Helmholtz Equations Using Neumann Boundary Condition

This paper is designed to derived Sixth, eight and tenth order compact finite difference schemes for one dimensional Helmholtz equation using Neumann boundary condition. Numerical experiments was conducted to test the efficiency, accuracy and validity of the proposed shemes. Numerical results obtained from difference orders are compared and also with the exacts solution, Convergence and stability obtained and errors computed using L2 norms. Results shows that the tenth order of accuracy is better than order eight and sixth order while the sixth order of accuracy is better than the fourth order

Protection of Victim-Witnesses of Human Rights Violations in Criminal Prosecutions in Nigeria

The protection of victims of crime and witnesses in criminal trials from intimidation is gradually being recognised in Nigeria as a critical aspect of criminal justice administration. Policing activities leave a record of widespread human rights violations committed by law enforcement and security personnel. Attempts to investigate and prosecute these violations are impeded by acts of intimidation or threats of reprisals against the victim who testifies as a witness in criminal proceedings against the perpetrators. This expository paper brings to the fore the importance of interrogating the issues of protection for victim-witnesses participating in criminal proceedings and ensuring accountability for the human rights violations of state actors in Nigeria. The paper concludes that there is hardly any information about the practice of witness protection in prosecutions involving human rights violations in Nigeria. It proposes a system to facilitate the protection of victim-witnesses testifying against perpetrators of human rights violations

Association between Health Status and Visual Functioning: A Community Based Study

High blood pressure and abnormal body mass have been observed to correlate negatively with health status. Of interest in this study, is the impact such health status have on visual function indicated by near point of convergence. In this community based cross sectional study, 250 randomly selected apparently healthy subjects had their weight, height and blood pressure measured, along with near point vision using standard laboratory procedures. The results showed that subjects within the ages of 20-30 years had the best near point vision for right eye of (8.42±2.68cm), left eye (8.68±2.54cm) and when the both eyes are opened (9.46±2.63cm). Although not statistically significant, females were more likely to have wider near point vision than males. Also, subject groups with blood pressure outside the normotensive range and normal body mass index, had wider near point vision that is significantly different from the hypertensive and obese groups. The results therefore, suggest that normal visual functioning is dependent on maintaining a healthy blood pressure and body weight.Keywords: Healthy wellbeing, Body mass index, Blood pressure, Visual functionin

Self-organizing remote broadcasting in rural areas using wireless ad-hoc networks

芝浦工業大学2020年

Illuminating the Blockchain: Visualizing Bitcoin Transactions, Anomalies, and Dark Web Connections

In the evolving cryptocurrency landscape, Bitcoin continues to be a hub for legal and criminal activity. The primary objective of this study is to improve the readability and transparency of blockchain data by creating a comprehensive framework for Bitcoin transaction visualization. Our approach provides crucial insights into possible fraudulent activity by highlighting and identifying irregularities in transaction patterns through the use of refined data interpretation and visualization tools. The system also includes tools for identifying and visualizing transactions connected to the dark web. We aim to show the effectiveness of our technique by revealing hidden patterns and enabling a deeper knowledge of Bitcoin transaction dynamics through comprehensive case studies and data analysis. We intend to provide interactive visualization tools designed to illuminate Bitcoin transaction flow, facilitating anomaly detection while maintaining user comprehension. This research represents a significant contribution to the broader effort of ensuring security and integrity within the cryptocurrency ecosystem

The Effects of Pseudomonas Aeroginosa and Aspergillus Niger on the Bioremediation of Raw and Treated Crude Oil Polluted Water

The biodegradable activities of Aspergillus niger (fungi), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (bacteria) on two crudes were investigated. Treated crude oil polluted water (TCOW) and the raw crude oil polluted water (RUCOW) containing the microbes and the control were monitored for Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC). At the end of the bioremediation period, the results obtained showed that TCOW were more easily bio-remediated than RUCOW. Also the highest bio-remediation for both TCOW and RUCOW occurred using bacteria compared with the other microbes. For bacteria BOD values were 99.8% in the TCOW and 97.9% in the RUCOW. For fungi, BOD values were 95.4% and 89.3% whiles for the combination of bacteria and fungi the values were 97.9% and 93.8%. The control samples were 93.3% and 84.5% bio-remediated for the TCOW and RUCOW samples respectively. Similar variation of THC values were observed for the three microbes.. The TCOW remediated with bacteria showed the highest bioremediation of 95.3% followed by the combined fungi - bacteria sample 90%, then the fungi sample 86.5% and the control sample 63.4%, For RUCOW THC values were 91.3% for bacteria, 84.5% for the combined fungi - bacteria, 76.4% for fungi and 70.7% for the control samples

Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on the Excretory Function of the Liver

Diabetes mellitus is an internationally recognized health problem and a leading cause of death worldwide. However, the most significant increase in prevalence is expected to occur in Asia and Africa, where most patients will be found by 2030. Diabetic Mellitus is a clinical and metabolic syndrome characterized by abnormal carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism resulting in hyperglycemia, increased protein breakdown, Ketosis or acidosis due to absolute or relative deficiency, and insulin resistance, thereby leading to vascular complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. This study evaluated the levels of plasma bilirubin, ALP, and GGT among diabetic patients. A total of eighty (80) individuals were recruited for the study comprising of forty (40) diabetes patients with age range 25-80 years and forty (40) control subjects with the age range of 20-30 years in Irrua/Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria. The study was carried out within six months (December 2018 - May 2019). All patients were diabetes. The serum Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total and conjugated bilirubin were assayed by spectrophotometric method, and the data obtained were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 software. Serum levels of ALP, GGT, Total and unconjugated bilirubin were significantly elevated (P<0.05) among diabetes patients than control subjects except for conjugated bilirubin which was lower (P>0.05)  when compared with that of the control subjects. The mean serum levels of  ALP, GGT, total, unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin of male diabetes patients were non statistically significant (P>0.05) when compared with female diabetes subjects except the age (P<0.05). These findings indicate that hepatic injury was more likely among diabetes, and liver enzymes (ALP, GGT) are critical for monitoring glucose control concomitant with hepatic injury. Bilirubin is a potentially important biomarker for the assessment of the hepatic excretory system in diabetes mellitus

Bio-Chemical Trends in Anaerobic Biodegradation of Raw and Treated Hydrocarbon Polluted water using Aspergillus niger and Pseudomonas

The anaerobic bioremediation of raw and treated hydrocarbon polluted water samples using Aspergillus niger and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been investigated. The rate of bioremediation of the two polluted water samples was nearly the same as it took 65 days for effective bioremediation to occur with both microbes. The overall bioremediation effects, however, of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (bacteria) on the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and the Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) were higher than that of Aspergillus niger (fungi). Furthermore, the treated crude polluted water (TCPW) sample was easier to biodegrade than the raw crude polluted water (RCPW) samples. The bioremediation of the TCPW samples gave 99.5% for BOD and 98.9% for THC using bacteria while for fungi; it gave 96.1% BOD and 95.4% for THC. For the RCPW samples bioremediation with bacteria gave 96.6% for BOD and 96.0% for THC while bioremediation using fungi gave87.1% for BOD and 86.5% for THC

Hemichorea-hemiballismus in a patient with hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state

Hemichorea-hemiballismus (HCHB) is a rare manifestation of hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state caused by contralateral lesion in basal ganglia. A 74-year-old, known diabetic and hypertensive woman presented with one-week history of high-grade fever and loss of consciousness associated with involuntary movement of the right upper and lower limbs for 10 hours prior to presentation. Physical examination revealed pyrexia, tachycardia and altered sensorium. Blood glucose was 53.8 mmol/l, hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c) 9.9% and brain computed tomography (CT) scan showed cerebral atrophy with bilateral basal ganglia hyperdensities. Escherichia coli was cultured from the urine. She did well on treatment with soluble insulin, rehydration and intravenous ceftriaxone. HCHB is a rare complication seen in patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. This report highlights the reversibility of the disease with prompt diagnosis and appropriate insulin treatment. HCHB should be distinguished from other intracranial pathologies