Thomas Hylland Eriksen: Små steder, store spørsmål. Innføring i sosial-antropologi

Thomas Hylland Eriksen: Små steder, store spørsmål. Innføring i sosial-antropologi Anmeldes af Jan Ovese

Prothrombin complex concentrate versus placebo, no intervention, or other interventions in critically bleeding patients associated with oral anticoagulant administration: a protocol for a systematic review of randomised clinical trials with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis

Background: Acute critical bleeding is one of the most feared complications during treatment with oral anticoagulating agents. As more patients undergo treatment with anticoagulating agents, critically bleeding episodes in patients with vitamin K antagonists, thrombin inhibitor, or factor Xa inhibitor-inducted coagulopathy will be encountered frequently by physicians. Hence, an effective treatment capable of reversing the iatrogenic coagulopathy in the acute setting is needed. In randomised clinical trials and observational studies, prothrombin complex concentrate has been reported to be superior to other acute interventions, and many guidelines recommend prothrombin complex concentrate in treatment of critically bleeding patients. The aim of this systematic review is to synthesise the evidence of the effects of prothrombin complex concentrate compared with placebo, no intervention, or other treatment options in critically bleeding patients treated with oral anticoagulants. Methods/design: A comprehensive search for relevant published literature will be undertaken in Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Science Citation Index, regulatory databases, and trial registers. We will include randomised clinical trials comparing prothrombin complex concentrate versus placebo, no intervention, or other interventions in critically bleeding patients with oral anticoagulant-induced coagulopathy. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment will be handled by two independent review authors. Meta-analysis will be performed as recommended by Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, bias will be assessed with domains, and trial sequential analysis will be conducted to control random errors. Certainty will be assessed by GRADE. Discussion: As critical bleeding in patients treated with oral anticoagulants is an increasing problem, an up-to-date systematic review evaluating the benefits and harms of prothrombin complex concentrate is urgently needed. It is the hope that this review will be able to guide best practice in treatment and clinical research of these critically bleeding patients. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD4201808437

Alan Bamard & Jonathan Spencer (eds.): Encyclopedia of Social and Cultural Anthropology: Anmeldes af Jan Ovesen

Anmeldes af Jan Ovese

Indigenous Peoples and Development in Laos: Ideologies and Ironies

This article deals with the epistemological status of the notion of Indigenous People and its applicability in Laos. Based on fieldwork among indigenous Mon-Khmer groups in southern Laos, it argues that, due to ideological incompatibility between the Lao government and major development-financing organizations, this notion is as unhelpful for the practical purpose of promoting equal development as it is epistemologically muddled. The government’s recent move to replace its popular threefold classification of the nation’s ethnic minorities with a more refined one based on the recognition of indigenous ethnonyms has met with the approval of advocates of the Indigenous Peoples cause. It is argued, however, that this rapprochement of the government’s goals and indigenous interests is but illusory, and that government policy in practice works against increased self-determination of the indigenous minorities.Cet article s’intéresse au statut épistémologique du concept de Peuple indigène et à son applicabilité au Laos. Une étude de terrain parmi des groupes de parlers môn-khmer du Laos méridional conduit à soutenir que, pour cause d’incompatibilités idéologiques entre le gouvernement laotien et les grands bailleurs de fonds du développement, ce concept est aussi inutile, dans la pratique, pour promouvoir un développement équitable qu’il est confus au plan épistémologique. La récente décision du gouvernement de remplacer sa classique tripartition des minorités ethniques du pays par une classification plus détaillée fondée sur la reconnaissance des ethnonymes indigènes a reçu l’approbation des militants de la cause indigéniste. Cependant, ce rapprochement entre les objectifs du gouvernement et les intérêts des minorités indigènes n’est qu’illusoire car, en pratique, la politique du premier obvie à une plus grande auto-détermination des secondes

'Biogenetic structuralism' and the location of structures [review article on 'Biogenetic structuralism'

by C.D. Laughlin, jr and E.G. d'Aquili