Constitutional Law--1959 Tennessee Survey

A smaller number of cases have been selected for inclusion in this year\u27s survey. Seven cases are included, including one federal court decision dealing with a municipal ordinance. In addition, two specific acts of the General Assembly are noted although there has as yet been no opportunity for the courts to rule upon them

Current Practices of Screening for Incident Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection Among HIV-Infected, HCV-Uninfected Individuals in Primary Care

Background. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected, hepatitis C virus (HCV)-uninfected patients are at risk for incident HCV infection, but little is known about screening practices for incident HCV among HIV-infected individuals in HIV primary care clinics

Constitutional Law -- 1958 Tennessee Survey

State constitutional law decisions, lacking the universality of application of many other fields of the law, are vital and of significance frequently only to the local bar and local public officials. There is another difference between state constitutional law decisions, and federal constitutional law decisions: state courts are inclined to deal with state constitutional issues with an emphasis on the pragmatic problem of deciding the case and getting it out of the way,rather than with an emphasis on completing the blue print-of seeking to establish the general principle which reflects the conflicting policies struggling for recognition. In most United States Supreme Court decisions, even when a unanimous opinion is forthcoming, the two beneficial and legitimate interests are likely to be clearly visible.The opinion is quite likely to make it apparent that judicial statesmanship is at work, and that broad fundamental policies, each of which have strong claims to recognition, are competing.Eighteen cases have been selected for coverage by this review of constitutional law decisions for the year 1957-58. It is believed that these eighteen cases include the significant ones of the period. Of the eighteen, one is a federal district court decision, which is included in this analysis simply because it deals so particularly with a Tennessee problem

Conflict of Laws -- 1960 Tennessee Survey

A well known text book on Conflict of Laws concludes its opening section with the sentence, In brief, a Conflict of Laws problem arises whenever a foreign element gets into a legal question. If this definition is accepted, there were about twenty cases of Conflicts of Laws decided during the survey period, in the sense that foreign elements were shown to exist in the facts which appeared. In another sense, there were other cases in which it must be suspected that substantial other state contacts existed, but in which no express mention appears of such facts. On the other hand, there were only four cases in which the approach was what might be called a typical Conflict of Laws approach

Agency -- 1961 Tennessee Survey

The topic agency includes the areas of master and servant as well as those of principal and agent. There were few cases in these areas decided by the Tennessee courts during the period under survey. Generally, basic principles were applied to routine cases.In certain instances the reliance upon a prior fact determination avoided the necessity of an elaborate treatment of the facts. In one or two cases the court reached a result that may not be deemed desirable though supported by much authority. Significant points received less attention than they deserved in certain cases. In one case the basic question turned on contract, rather than agency, law. Attorneys at law, a special category of agent, was dealt with in one case

Book Reviews

Book Reviews LIONS UNDER THE THRONE By Charles P. Curtis, Jr. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1947. Pp. xviii, 368. $3.50 MR. JUSTICE BLACK: THE MAN AND His OPINIONS By John P. Frank (Introduction by Charles A. Beard) New York: Knopf Company, 1949.Pp. xix, 357.$4.00 ON UNDERSTANDING THE SUPREME COURT By Paul A. Freund Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1949. Pp. vi, 130. $3.00 MELVILLE VESTON FULLER: CHIEF JUSTICE OF THE UNITED STATES, 1888-1919 By Willard L. King New York: Macmillan Company, 1950. Pp.394.$5.00 CHIEF JUSTICE STONE AND THE SUPREME COURT By Samuel J. Konefsky (Prefatory Note by Charles A. Beard) New York: Macmillan Company,1949. Pp. xxvi, 289. $3.00 THE CONSTITUTIONAL WORLD OF MR. JUSTICE FRANKFURTER: SOME REPRESENTATIVE OPINIONS By Samuel J. Konefsky New York: Macmillan Company, 1949. Pp. xviii, 325.$4.50 THE NINE YOUNG MEN By Wesley McCune New York: Harper & Brothers,1947. Pp. viii, 299. $3.50 BRANDEIS: A FREE MAN\u27S LIFE By Alpheus Thomas Mason New York:Viking, 1946. Pp. xiii, 713.$5.00 THE ROOSEVELT COURT: A STUDY IN JUDICIAL POLITICS AND VALUES, 1937-1947 By C.\u27Herman Pritchett New York: Macmillan Company, 1948.Pp. 314. $5.00 HUGO BLACK: A STUDY IN THE JUDICIAL PROCESS By Charlotte Williams Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1950. Pp. 208.$3.50 A Symposium to the Memory of Wiley B. Rutledge (1894-1949) Iowa Law Review, Vol. 35, No. 4 (Summer, 1950). Pp. 541-692. Issue Dedicated to the Memory of Mr. Justice Murphy MICH. L. REv.,Vol. 48, No. 6 (April, 1950). Pp. 737-810. 1.00 per issue. reviewer: Carl Brent Swisher ============================ CASES AND MATERIALS ON CONSTITUTIONAL LAW Fourth Edition. By Walter F. Dodd. St. Paul: West Publishing Co., 1949. Pp. xxxv, 1477. Salie, SHORTER SELECTION Fourth Edition, 1950. Pp. xxix, 950. Same, 1950 SUPPLEMENT. Pp. vii, 23. CASES ON CONSTITUTIONAL LAW Fourth Edition. By Noel T. Dowling Brooklyn: The Foundation Press, Inc., 1950. Pp. =xxv, 1273. CASES AND MATERIALS ON CONSTITUTIONAL LAW By John P. Frank Chicago: Callaghan & Co., 1950. Pp. xxviii, 1054. AMERICAN CONSTITUTIONAL DECISIONS, Revised Edition By Charles Fairman New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1950. Pp. xiv, 489 CASES AND MATERIALS ON CONSTITUTIONAL LAW By Henry Rottschaefer St. Paul: West Publishing Co., 1948. Pp. xxvii, 975 AMERICAN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW By Frank R. Strong Buffalo: Dennis& Co., Inc., 1950. Pp. xxxii, 1523 CURRENT CONSTITUTIONAL CASES By Arthur E. Sutherland, Jr. Rochester:The Lawyers Co-Operative Publishing Co., 1950. reviewer: Elvin E. Overton =================================== SECURITY, LOYALTY AND SCIENCE By Walter Gellhorn Ithaca: CornellUniversity Press, 1950. Pp. viii, 300. 3.00. reviewer: Jay Murphy THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE AND WHAT IT MEANS TODAY By Edward Dumbauld Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1950.Pp. 194. $3.00 reviewer: Charlotte Williams PRE-TRIAL By Harry D. Nims New York: Baker, Voorhies and Co., Inc.,1950. Pp. 334.$5.75 reviewer: Alexander Holtzof

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol response after statin initiation among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus

BackgroundMeta-analyses of general population studies report mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reductions of 30% to <50% with moderate-intensity and ≥50% with high-intensity statins. Persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), yet many have elevated LDL-C.ObjectiveTo evaluate LDL-C response after statin initiation among PLWH.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of PLWH initiating statins between 2009 and 2013 (N = 706). Patients were categorized into mutually exclusive groups in the following hierarchy: history of coronary heart disease (CHD), diabetes, prestatin LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL, 10-year predicted ASCVD risk ≥7.5%, and none of the above (ie, unknown statin indication). The primary outcome was a ≥30% reduction in LDL-C after statin initiation.ResultsAmong patients initiating statins, 5.8% had a history of CHD, 13.6% had diabetes, 6.2% had LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL, 35.4% had 10-year ASCVD risk ≥7.5%, and 39.0% had an unknown statin indication. Among patients with a history of CHD, 31.7% achieved a ≥30% LDL-C reduction compared with 25.0%, 59.1%, and 33.9% among those with diabetes, LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL, and 10-year ASCVD risk ≥7.5%, respectively. In multivariable adjusted analyses and compared to patients with an unknown statin indication, LDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dL was associated with a prevalence ratio for an LDL-C reduction ≥30% of 1.81 (95% confidence interval, 1.34-2.45), whereas no statistically significant association was present for history of CHD, diabetes, and 10-year ASCVD risk ≥7.5%.ConclusionA low percentage of PLWH achieved the expected reductions in LDL-C after statin initiation, highlighting an unmet need for ASCVD risk reduction

Physical activity trends and metabolic health outcomes in people living with HIV in the US, 2008–2015

Despite its potential to improve metabolic health outcomes, longitudinal physical activity (PA) patterns and their association with cardiometabolic disease among people living with HIV (PLWH) have not been well characterized. We investigated this relationship among PLWH in the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems with at least one PA self-report between 2008 and 2015. The 4-item Lipid Research Clinics PA instrument was used to categorize habitual PA levels as: Very Low, Low, Moderate, or High. We analyzed demographic differences in PA patterns. Multivariable generalized estimating equation regression models were fit to assess longitudinal associations of PA with blood pressure, lipid, and glucose levels. Logistic regression modeling was used to assess the odds of being diagnosed with obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, or multimorbidity. A total of 40,462 unique PA assessments were provided by 11,719 participants. Only 13% of PLWH reported High PA, while 68% reported Very Low/Low PA at baseline and did not increase PA levels during the study period. Compared to those reporting High PA, participants with Very Low PA had almost 2-fold increased risk for CVD. Very Low PA was also associated with several risk factors associated with CVD, most notably elevated triglycerides (odds ratio 25.4), obesity (odds ratio 1.9), hypertension (odds ratio 1.4), and diabetes (odds ratio 2.3; all p < 0.01). Low levels of PA over time among PLWH are associated with increased cardiometabolic disease risk

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol response after statin initiation among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus

BackgroundMeta-analyses of general population studies report mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reductions of 30% to <50% with moderate-intensity and ≥50% with high-intensity statins. Persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), yet many have elevated LDL-C.ObjectiveTo evaluate LDL-C response after statin initiation among PLWH.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of PLWH initiating statins between 2009 and 2013 (N = 706). Patients were categorized into mutually exclusive groups in the following hierarchy: history of coronary heart disease (CHD), diabetes, prestatin LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL, 10-year predicted ASCVD risk ≥7.5%, and none of the above (ie, unknown statin indication). The primary outcome was a ≥30% reduction in LDL-C after statin initiation.ResultsAmong patients initiating statins, 5.8% had a history of CHD, 13.6% had diabetes, 6.2% had LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL, 35.4% had 10-year ASCVD risk ≥7.5%, and 39.0% had an unknown statin indication. Among patients with a history of CHD, 31.7% achieved a ≥30% LDL-C reduction compared with 25.0%, 59.1%, and 33.9% among those with diabetes, LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL, and 10-year ASCVD risk ≥7.5%, respectively. In multivariable adjusted analyses and compared to patients with an unknown statin indication, LDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dL was associated with a prevalence ratio for an LDL-C reduction ≥30% of 1.81 (95% confidence interval, 1.34-2.45), whereas no statistically significant association was present for history of CHD, diabetes, and 10-year ASCVD risk ≥7.5%.ConclusionA low percentage of PLWH achieved the expected reductions in LDL-C after statin initiation, highlighting an unmet need for ASCVD risk reduction