Aberrations of thick phase holographic optical elements

The wavefront quality of reconstructions from thick holographic optical elements (HOEs) is examined both theoretically and experimentally. The goal of this thesis is to verify the equations of the third-order aberration of HOE\u27s by directly examining the reconstructed wavefront. In addition, possible limitations of holographic materials on HOE performance at low F-numbers and for various recording geometries are determined. The third objective is to test the wavelength shift aberration and to establish the extent to which misalignment can be used to compensate the aberration due to a shift in wavelength

Turbulence control by developing a spiral wave with a periodic signal injection in the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation

Turbulence control in the two-dimensional complex Ginzburg-Landau equation is investigated. A new approach is proposed for the control purpose. In the presence of a small spiral wave seed initiation, a fully developed turbulence can be completely annihilated by injecting a single periodic signal to a small fixed space area around the spiral wave tip. The control is achieved in a parameter region where the spiral wave of the uncontrolled system is absolutely unstable. The robustness, convenience and high control efficiency of this method is emphasized, and the mechanism underlying these practical advantages are intuitively understood.Comment: 12 pages, figures can be found in the following journa

Biological Effects Due to Hypomagnetic Field and Its Research Progress

The biological effects due to hypomagnetic field (HMF) is a very important subject for aerospace travelling and space station living, and a large number of studies on the bioeffects of the HMF have been carried out; however, many essential problems, such as physical mechanism, the harmful for human beings and other living organism of the biological effects, are still remaining unknown. In order to promote the solution to these problems, we assembled, classified and analyzed the studies on the biological effects due to the HMF. About one of the essential problem, i.e. the physical mechanism of the biological effects of HMF, we think that the yield of the singlet spin state of the radical pair theor

Nonlinear optical properties of mono-functional 1,2-dihydro-1,2-methanofullerene[60]-61-carboxylic acid /polymer composites

By using nanosecond laser pulses at 532-nm wavelength, we have studied the nonlinear optical properties of composites which consist of mono-functional 1,2-dihydro-1,2-methanofullerene[60]-61-carboxylic acid (FCA) and poly(styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine). The optical limiting performance of FCA itself is poorer than that of its parent C60, while FCA incorporated with polystyrene shows better optical limiting responses, with the limiting threshold reduced by about 35%. In addition, the FCA gives slightly stronger photoluminescence emission than that of both C60 and FCA/polymer composites. The possible sources for the improvement in the optical limiting are discussed.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, To appear in Chem. Phys. Let

Enhancing The Performance of Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry by Organic Carrier and Liquid Chromatographic Separation

A method of membrane introduction mass spectrometry with liquid chromatographic separation (LC/MIMS) for the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water has been developed. The method not only inherited all the advantages of membrane introduction mass spectrometry by flow-injection analysis (FIA/MIMS), but also expanded the application of MIMS to the determination of compounds with identical quantitation ions. Because the quantitation by LC/MIMS is based on two-dimensional identification (retention time (tr) and mass-to-charge ratio ()), it provides a tangible approach to the analysis of VOCs in complex aqueous samples. In this work, a C18 column and a mobile phase (methanol/water) were used for chromatographic separation. A mixture of eighteen VOCs was determined within 28 min. The method has linear dynamic ranges of 3–4 orders of magnitude and sub-ppb-level detection limits. In comparison with the EPA method 524.2 (a purge-and-trap GC/MS method), it requires less analysis time and no sample pretreatment

Polypropylene based anion exchange fiber for enrichment and determination of trace indium by GFAAS

Indium was enriched and separated by a new polypropylene based anion exchange fiber before determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Indium can be enriched quantitatively by 0.1 g of fiber at the flow rate within 6 mL·min-1 in the pH 4 and can be desorbed quantitatively with 10 mL of 1.0 M nitric acid from the fiber column. The fibers were soaked in 2 M sodium hydroxide sodium hydroxide solution for activation and were washed with distilled water at least thirty times until neutral for regeneration, The saturated capacity of the fiber for In(III) was 1.32 mg·g-1. The activation energy (Ea) of the fiber adsorption In(III) was 89.3 kJ·mol-1. The method was used to enrich trace In(III) in artificial samples solution and zinc concentrate solution before determination. The method detection limit was 0.08 ng·mL-1, the recoveries were 96.8-101%, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were 0.1-2.1%. KEY WORDS: Anion exchange fiber, Separation, Enrichment, Indium, GFAAS Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2011, 25(2), 295-298

EHRTutor: Enhancing Patient Understanding of Discharge Instructions

Large language models have shown success as a tutor in education in various fields. Educating patients about their clinical visits plays a pivotal role in patients' adherence to their treatment plans post-discharge. This paper presents EHRTutor, an innovative multi-component framework leveraging the Large Language Model (LLM) for patient education through conversational question-answering. EHRTutor first formulates questions pertaining to the electronic health record discharge instructions. It then educates the patient through conversation by administering each question as a test. Finally, it generates a summary at the end of the conversation. Evaluation results using LLMs and domain experts have shown a clear preference for EHRTutor over the baseline. Moreover, EHRTutor also offers a framework for generating synthetic patient education dialogues that can be used for future in-house system training.Comment: To appear in NeurIPS'23 Workshop on Generative AI for Education (GAIED