Marketing and sustainability

'Marketing and sustainability' is based on an original booklet written by Martin Charter in 1990. The text has been updated and re-written to take account of the changing and emerging debate of marketing’s role in relation to sustainable development. This booklet has been produced as a supporting publication for the Sustainable Marketing Knowledge Network (Smart: Know-Net) a web-based information and communication platform for marketers interested in sustainability, available at www.cfsd.org.uk/smart-know-ne

Limk1 Promotes Mt1-mmp Expression And Localization To The Plasma Membrane

LIM Kinase 1 (LIMK1), a serine/threonine kinase, modulates actin polymerization and microtubule assembly. The function of LIMK1 is regulated by kinases that are activated by Rho and Rac GTPases. LIMK1 is overexpressed in various cancerous cell types and tissues and its overexpression promotes increased invasion and metastasis of breast and prostate cancer cells. Membrane-Type Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 (MT1-MMP) is a member of the zinc-binding collagenase family, which is involved in extracellular matrix breakdown and activation of secreted MMP-2. The balance between activation and inhibition of MT1- MMP and MMP-2 helps maintaining normal extracellular matrix turnover. However, it has been shown that elevated MT1-MMP expression can cause excessive ECM digestion and promote tumor invasion and metastasis. Since RhoA and Rac1 have been implicated in metastasis and invasion along with LIMK1 activation, we investigated a possible link between LIMK1 and MT1-MMP. Our results show that the level of MT1-MMP expression is correlated with that of LIMK1 and LIMK1 acts as a transcriptional regulator of MT1-MMP. Additionally, we show that LIMK1 physically associates with MT1-MMP and promotes its translocation to the plasma membrane

Gene-Environment Interaction: Definitions and Study Designs

Dr. Ruth Ottman first discussed different models of gene-environment interactions and then delved into designs of studies attempting to elucidate such interactions. She stressed the importance of using the correct measurement scale, whether additive or multiplicative, noting that the additive measurement scale is more consistent with biological models. Dr. Ottman concluded by reminding the audience of the need for very large sample sizes, and thus collaboration, in gene-environment interaction studies. 

To watch Dr. Ottman’s presentation, please see the Panel 2 "Google Video posting.":http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-8804321603731619003&hl=en 
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It’s Time to Open Up the L-1B: How the Emergence of Open Source Technology will Impact the L-1B Visa Program

The L-1 visa program allows multinational companies to transfer both managerial/executive employees and employees who hold “specialized knowledge” to work in the United States. In the Information Technology (IT) industry, it has become increasingly difficult to get workers approved for intra-company transfer due to the way United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) narrowly interprets the definition of specialized knowledge. Although USCIS has issued memoranda that indicate knowledge “need not be proprietary or unique,” in practice, knowledge of proprietary software is the most effective way to prove an employee in the IT industry has specialized knowledge. However, in the last few years, there has been a large shift within the IT industry away from the creation of proprietary products and software and toward open-source technologies and platforms. By definition, open source is the opposite of proprietary software. Any developer with access to the code can use the code to build his or her own product. This Comment explores how the transition to open source platforms will affect the L-1B visa program. This Comment predicts that it will make it even more difficult for multinational IT companies to obtain L-1B approvals and argues that USCIS will need to adopt a new way of analyzing IT worker applications in order to keep up with the industry. In the alternative, this Comment recommends the creation of a new visa category specifically tailored to the changing needs of the IT industry

Green Marketing: Opportunity for Innovation -2/E.

Since the first edition of green Marketing was published in 1993, green shoping has virtually disappered from newspaper headlines, and “the environment” has been displaced from the top of the public’s worry list by such other pressing issues as crime, drugs, the economy, and AIDS. However, such developments do not mean that consumers no longer care about the enviromental impactof the products they buy. A peek inside voting booths, shopping carts, and recycling bins will prove that people are acting upon their environmental concern now more than ever

Letter from Fred H. Ottman

Letter concerning a position in the Commercial Department at Utah Agricultural College

Telegram from F. H. Ottman

Telegram concerning position at Utah Agricultural College with references listed

Homology over a Complete Intersection Ring via the Generic Hypersurface

We study homological properties and constructions for modules over a complete intersection ring $Q/(f_1,\ldots,f_c)$ by way of the related generic hypersurface ring $Q[T_1,\ldots,T_c]/(f_1T_1+\cdots+f_cT_c)$. The advantage of this approach is that over a hypersurface ring, free resolutions are eventually 2-periodic, given by matrix factorizations, and are thus relatively easy to understand. We approach this relationship in two ways. First, we give a correspondence between the two rings in the graded setting, where existing results are insufficient for preserving graded structures. As an application, we use this correspondence to move a functor appearing in a theorem of Orlov to the generic hypersurface setting. Second, we shift out of the graded setting to discuss the relationship between Tor groups over these rings, inspired by recent work of Bergh and Jorgensen, and building on cohomological results of Burke and Walker. This second part takes place in a scheme-theoretic context, so we develop some machinery that provides a sort of ``global Tor for complexes of sheaves that can be compared to the usual Tor for modules