Punktionesteiden kammiolaskennan oppimateriaali

Tämän toiminnallisen opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli tuottaa visuaalinen oppimateriaali punktionesteiden kammiolaskennasta Turun ammattikorkeakoululle. Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli edistää kammiolaskennan opetusta oppimateriaalin kautta. Tarkoituksena oli tuottaa noin viiden minuutin kestoinen opetusvideo punktionesteiden kammiolaskennasta. Opinnäytetyön tuotoksen eli opetusvideon tavoitteena oli havainnollista punktionesteiden kammiolaskennan suoritusta. Opetusvideo on hyödyllinen kliinisen hematologian ammattiaineiden opetuksen kannalta, koska sen avulla opiskelijat pystyvät hahmottamaan ja muistamaan punktionesteiden kammiolaskennan kokonaisuuden paremmin. Tuotosta käytetään tulevaisuudessa bioanalyytikko-opiskelijoiden kliinisen hematologian ammattiaineiden opetuksessa. Opinnäytetyö koostuu punktionesteiden ja sen kammiolaskennan teoriaosuudesta. Lisäksi teoriaosuudessa käsitellään oppimista ja opiskelua, oppimistyylejä, oppimisympäristöä, sekä digitaalista oppimateriaalia. Video- oppimateriaalia varten tehtiin PowerPoint-esityksiä punktionesteistä sekä kammiolaskennasta ja ne tallennettiin video- muodossa. Video- oppimateriaalia varten kuvattiin myös videolle kammiolaskennan suoritus. Nämä kaikki videoleikkeet yhdistettiin Windows Movie Maker- elokuvatyökalulla, josta tuli opetusvideo. Oppimateriaalin eli opetusvideon lopullisen version kesto oli noin yhdeksän minuuttia. Opetusmateriaalista tuli suunniteltua laajempi, mikä on käyttötarkoituksensa kannalta hyvä asia. Siitä tuli kuitenkin selkeä ja helposti ymmärrettävä opetusvideo. Opetusvideon kuvanlaatu oli erittäin hyvä ja tarkka.The purpose of this thesis was to make a visual learning material of cell counting of body fluids by using hemocytometer for Turku University of Applied Sciences. The aim of thesis was to improve the study of cell counting by using hemocytometer by making an educational video. The aim of an educational video was to help visualize the whole process. An educational video is useful for teaching clinical hematology subjects because it helps students understand and remember the process of cell counting of body fluids by using a hemocytometer as a whole. In the future an educational video production will be used as teaching material for biomedical laboratory technology students studying clinical hematology subjects. The thesis includes a theoretical part about body fluids and cell counting by using hemocytometer. The theoretical part also includes information about learning, studying, learning style and environment and digital learning materials. PowerPoint presentations about body fluids and cell counting by using a hemocytometer were made and saved in video format for the video teaching material. The whole process of cell counting by using a hemocytometer was also recorded on video for the teaching material. All the video clips were combined with the Windows Movie Maker-software to make the teaching video. The intended length of the video was five minutes, but the final duration of the video is nine minutes. The teaching material was wider than was initially planned, but for its purpose that is only better. The final video product is clear and easy to understand which is the main point. The quality of the video is very sharp and clear

Longitudinal Metabolome-Wide Signals Prior to the Appearance of a First Islet Autoantibody in Children Participating in the TEDDY Study

Children at increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D) after environmental exposures may develop pancreatic islet autoantibodies (IA) at a very young age. Metabolic profile changes over time may imply responses to exposures and signal development of the first IA. Our present research in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study aimed to identify metabolome-wide signals preceding the first IA against GAD (GADA-first) or against insulin (IAA-first). We profiled metabolomes by mass spectrometry from children's plasma at 3-month intervals after birth until appearance of the first IA. A trajectory analysis discovered each first IA preceded by reduced amino acid proline and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), respectively. With independent time point analysis following birth, we discovered dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA) contributing to the risk of each first IA, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAs) associated with the first autoantibody against insulin (IAA-first). Methionine and alanine, compounds produced in BCAA metabolism and fatty acids, also preceded IA at different time points. Unsaturated triglycerides and phosphatidylethanolamines decreased in abundance before appearance of either autoantibody. Our findings suggest that IAA-first and GADA-first are heralded by different patterns of DHAA, GABA, multiple amino acids, and fatty acids, which may be important to primary prevention of T1D