The Relationship Between Training And Development Activities With Innovative Work Behaviour Among SMEs

Entrepreneurial competencies are individual characteristics which include attitudes and behaviours that enable employees or entrepreneurs to achieve and maintain their business success. This research aimed to analyse the relationship between training and development activities with innovative work behaviour (IWB) where the entrepreneurial competencies acted as the mediating variable to the relationship. This research was conducted using a quantitative research methodology involving 165 sample out of 290 sample firms of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SME) in the state of Melaka, Malaysia through questionnaires. The sample of firms was selected by using purposive sampling based on the Human Resource Development Fund (HRDF) data. An analysis was carried out using Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0. The results revealed that training and development activities had significant and positive relationship with entrepreneurial competencies and IWB. Besides, the mediating variable of entrepreneurial competencies showed a significant influence on the independent variables relationship to the IWB. Hence, the research will definitely contribute to the body of knowledge in the SMEs where employees or entrepreneurs will also benefit from it as well, in improving their innovativeness. This study further merits its originality done with practical and comprehensive suggestions for employees or entrepreneurs with knowledge to improve their entrepreneurial competencies in order to encourage them to be conscious of potential positive or negative impacts of their own behaviour. In addition, the conclusion of this study provides a wide range of interpretations in the different context of training and development activities with IWB mediated by entrepreneurial competencies

The implement of Human Capital Development (HCD) programs: analyzing the effect of entrepreneurial competencies on Innovative Work Behavior (IWB)

This study was conducted to examine the implement of human capital development (HCD) programs in analyzing the effect of entrepreneurial competencies on innovative work behaviour (IWB). In this study, researchers are interested in using entrepreneurial competencies as a mediating variable as a measure of the effectiveness of training on employee performance. This variable was chosen because the researchers feel the importance of this aspect of practice in an organization in creating a work environment that is more competitive and viable. Many studies and articles can be found in the literature, which discuss and explore the relationship between HCD toward IWB. HCD activities comprised of training and development. However, only little research has focused on understanding the mediating variables between HCD and IWB

Hybrid Particleboard Made from Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) Veneer Waste and Rubberwood (Hevea brasilienses)

This study investigated adhesion properties, such as buffering capacity and wettability, of bamboo and rubberwood and evaluated the physical and mechanical properties of hybrid particleboard made from bamboo (B) veneer waste and rubberwood (RW) particles. The bamboo had an acidic pH value with a high buffering capacity compared with rubberwood. Hybrid bamboo-rubberwood particleboard displayed better mechanical properties compared to 100% bamboo and rubberwood particleboard. All hybrid particleboard panels passed and fulfilled the minimum standard requirements, except for thickness swelling and water absorption tests. However, for thickness swelling test, only boards consisting of 50B:50RW and 30B:70RW passed and fulfilled the minimum TS requirements of the British Standard EN 317 (1993). Panels made from 100% bamboo veneer waste displayed the highest modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) values, 15.30 N/mm2 and 2650.14 N/mm2, respectively. Hybrid particleboard panels exhibited better screw withdrawal compared with panels made of only bamboo or rubberwood particles. It is concluded that bamboo veneer waste enhances the quality of particleboards, especially in terms of mechanical strength. Thus, bamboo veneer waste can decrease the dependence of the particleboard industry on rubberwood

Hybrid particleboard made from bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) veneer waste and rubberwood (Hevea brasilienses)

This study investigated adhesion properties, such as buffering capacity and wettability, of bamboo and rubberwood and evaluated the physical and mechanical properties of hybrid particleboard made from bamboo (B) veneer waste and rubberwood (RW) particles. The bamboo had an acidic pH value with a high buffering capacity compared with rubberwood. Hybrid bamboo-rubberwood particleboard displayed better mechanical properties compared to 100% bamboo and rubberwood particleboard. All hybrid particleboard panels passed and fulfilled the minimum standard requirements, except for thickness swelling and water absorption tests. However, for thickness swelling test, only boards consisting of 50B:50RW and 30B:70RW passed and fulfilled the minimum TS requirements of the British Standard EN 317 (1993). Panels made from 100% bamboo veneer waste displayed the highest modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) values, 15.30 N/mm2 and 2650.14 N/mm2, respectively. Hybrid particleboard panels exhibited better screw withdrawal compared with panels made of only bamboo or rubberwood particles. It is concluded that bamboo veneer waste enhances the quality of particleboards, especially in terms of mechanical strength. Thus, bamboo veneer waste can decrease the dependence of the particleboard industry on rubberwood