5 research outputs found
Haemophilus influenzae serotype e meningitis in an adult
The incidence of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) invasive disease has declined significantly in countries with routine infant Hib immunization. Accordingly, infections caused by other H. influenzae serotypes or by encapsulated H. influenzae strains are of growing interest. H. influenzae serotype e (Hie) is a rare cause of infection. Invasive Hie infections reported in adults are generally in individuals who had previous underlying conditions, in contrast to infections in childhood. We present the first report of Hie meningitis in Turkey. It is of interest that meningitis due to this organism occured as a complication of transsphenoidal hypophysectomy, which to our knowledge has never been documented. Further identification of H. influenzae strains isolated from patients with invasive disease, especially those with predisposing factors and/or who have been vaccinated, is essential
A Syrian refugee with meningococcal empyema
Meningococcal infections are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in childhood. Herein we report a 2-year-old Syrian refugee boy living in Turkey diagnosed with Neisseria meningitidis serotype B infection complicated with intracranial empyema. Refugees are a sensitive population in all aspects especially infectious diseases. Endemic diseases in the refugees’ own countries constitute a major health problem. Vaccination in sensitive populations and in the country would be important precaution to decrease disease burden
Impact of PCV7 vaccination on nasopharyngeal carriage and antimicrobial resistance among children in Turkey
Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the effects of 7-valent pneumococcal
conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae
and antibiotic resistance in children in a well-child clinic in a
tertiary children's hospital in Turkey.
Methodology: We collected nasopharyngeal (NP) specimens from 557
two-month-old babies before vaccination. After the study population had
received PCV7, NP samples were obtained from 135 babies. Antimicrobial
susceptibility testing and serotyping were performed.
Results: S. pneumoniae colonized in 48 (8.6\%) of the 557 two-month-old
babies before vaccination. The follow-up cohort consisted of 135
subjects. The prevalence of PCV7 strain decreased from 33.3\% to 19.3\%
after vaccination. However, non-PCV7 types increased from 66.6\% to
80.6\% (p = 0.02). Of PCV7 serotypes, 19F was the most frequent serotype
before and after vaccination. There was an increase in 6A and 15 of
non-PCV7 serotypes after vaccination. Penicillin non-susceptible
increased from 56.3\% to 80.6\% after vaccination (p = 0.03). Serotypes
14, 18C, 9V and 6B, which were identified before vaccination, never
colonized afterwards. Number of siblings and having sibling with older
age of five were determined to be significant effective factors for SP
colonization presence after vaccination and antibiotic use was
negatively associated with pneumococcal carriage but associated with
penicillin non-susceptibility.
Conclusions: Nasopharyngeal carriage rate of S. pneumoniae dropped after
PCV7 vaccination, and replacement by NVT pneumococci were also observed.
Risk factors for nasopharyngeal carriage included household crowding and
having a sibling age five years or older. Penicillin non-susceptibility
increased in both VT and NVT strains
Legionella antibiotic susceptibility testing: is it time for international standardization and evidence-based guidance?
Legionella pneumophila, a Gram-negative bacillus, is the causative agent of Legionnaire’s disease, a form of severe community-acquired pneumonia. Infection can have high morbidity, with a high proportion of patients requiring ICU admission, and up to 10% mortality, which is exacerbated by the lack of efficacy of typical empirical antibiotic therapy against Legionella spp. The fastidious nature of the entire Legionellaceae family historically required inclusion of activated charcoal in the solid medium to remove growth inhibitors, which inherently interferes with accurate antimicrobial susceptibility determination, an acknowledged methodological shortfall, now rectified by a new solid medium that gives results comparable to those of microbroth dilution. Here, as an international Legionella community (with authors representing various international reference laboratories, countries and clinical stakeholders for diagnosis and treatment of legionellosis), we set out recommendations for the standardization of antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods, guidelines and reference strains to facilitate an improved era of antibiotic resistance determination