On the limits of L1 influence on non-L1 listening: Evidence from Japanese perception of Korean

Language-specific procedures which are efficient for listening to the L1 may be applied to non-native spoken input, often to the detriment of successful listening. However, such misapplications of L1-based listening do not always happen. We propose, based on the results from two experiments in which Japanese listeners detected target sequences in spoken Korean, that an L1 procedure is only triggered if requisite L1 features are present in the input

Inventory, investment, and pricing policies for lot-size decision makers

In this dissertation, inventory, investment, and pricing policies for lot-size decision makers are examined based on classical economic order quantity. Specifically, we focus on investment in setup operations, investment in quality improvement, and market dependent products such as substitutes and complements. We examine various impacts of investment and competition on inventory policies and derive managerial insights and economic implications. Throughout this dissertation, deterministic mathematical programming is used as the primary analysis technique and optimal policies are obtained through this technique;For the inventory and investment relationships, we construct and analyze inventory and investment in setup operations policies, inventory and investment in quality improvement policies, and inventory and capital investment allocation policies in setup and quality operations under ROI maximization. The resulting contributions are the establishment of an ROI model with/without the capital budget constraint and characterization of the unique global optimal solution when there exists an option to invest in setup operations. We also show how the inventory level is reduced when it is optimal to invest additional money in setup operations and/or quality improvement;For the inventory and competition relationships, on the other hand, we design and analyze two duopoly models for two profit maximizing sellers when products are substitutes or complements. The resulting contributions are formulation of inventory and pricing policies for substitutes and complements. Furthermore, we obtain the closed-form inventory and pricing policies at equilibrium when symmetric demand and cost are assumed

Semantics and Functions of the It is that-Construction and the Japanese No da-Construction

ArticleMIT Working Papers in Linguistics 43: 143-157(2002)journal articl

Unsupervised Approach for Dialogue Act Classification

PACLIC / The University of the Philippines Visayas Cebu College Cebu City, Philippines / November 20-22, 200