Landau-gauge condensates from the quark propagator on the lattice

We compute the dimension-2 condensate, , and the dimension-4 mixed condensate, , from the recent quenched lattice results for the quark propagator in the Landau gauge. We fit the lattice data to the Operator Product Expansion in the "fiducial" region 1.2 GeV < Q < 3 GeV. Our result for the dynamical gluon mass at the scale of 10 GeV^2 is m_A=600-650 MeV, in agreement with independent determinations. For the mixed Landau gauge condensate of dimension-4 we get alpha_s = (-0.11 +/- 0.03) GeV^4. This value is an order of magnitude larger than the gluon condensate.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, references adde

The Relationship between God’s Gender, Gender System Justification and Sexism

Behavioral scientists and feminist theologians have long theorized that religions that primarily conceptualize God (and other divine authority figures) as male can legitimatize the social and political authority of men in society, as well as legitimatize and rationalize gender inequality. In the current study, we examined the relationship between gendered God concepts, Gender Specific System Justification and Ambivalent Sexism. In Studies 1 and 2 we found that individuals with male God concepts were higher in Gender Specific System Justification, hostile sexism (Study 1 and 2) and benevolent sexism (Study 2). In Study 3 we explored the causal relationship between gendered God concepts, Gender Specific System Justification and Ambivalent Sexism using a priming manipulation. Results revealed that individuals primed to think about God as male (vs female) were more likely to support the gender status quo. The effects found across all three studies did not differ across participant gender. Both men and women who conceptualized God as male or were primed with a male image of God were higher in Gender Specific System Justification than other gendered conceptualizations of God. Taken together these results suggest that male God concepts may reinforce the gender status quo. Implications, limitations and future research directions are discussed

Experiences with Benevolent Sexism: Scale Development and Associations with Women’s Well-Being

Ambivalent sexism theory (Glick and Fiske 1996, 1997) suggests that sexism takes two forms: an overt hostility as well as a subtle benevolence. We examined benevolent sexist behaviors and developed a 25-item Experiences with Benevolent Sexism Scale. Exploratory factor analysis (Study 1, U.S. college sample of 489 women) and confirmatory factor analysis (Study 2, online sample of 216 women) revealed three subscales of benevolently sexist experiences: Heterosexual Intimacy, Protective Paternalism, and Complementary Gender Differences. Women reported experiencing benevolently sexist events more frequently than overtly hostile sexist events; however, they perceived the hostile events to be more distressing and sexist (Studies 1 and 2). Experiencing Protective Paternalism was positively associated with self-doubt and negatively associated with self-esteem (Studies 1 and 2), and psychological well-being (Study 2). However, experiencing Complementary Gender Differentiation was negatively associated with self-doubt and positively associated with self-esteem (Studies 1 and 2), psychological well-being, flourishing, and submission to authority (Study 2). Finally, women in romantic relationships reported more benevolently sexist experiences than did those not in romantic relationships and the frequency of those experiences was positively associated with perceptions of the partner’s benevolently sexist attitudes (Study 2). The results highlight that women frequently experience sexism, ranging from overtly hostile to a subtle benevolence, and the different types of benevolent sexism each have unique associations with women’s well-being

Who Believes in a Male God? Ideological Beliefs and Gendered Conceptualizations of God

Recent studies have explored whether certain conceptualizations of God are associated with various attitudes and beliefs. In the current study, we examined the relationship between gendered God concepts and the belief that God is involved in one’s life and religious-related rigid ideologies (i.e., religious fundamentalism and right-wing authoritarianism [RWA]). Across two studies, one conducted with religious students at a Jesuit university and the other with a national sample, we found that individuals who believed God to be male were more likely to believe that God had more control and involvement in their life, had higher levels of religious fundamentalism and higher levels of RWA-Aggression (Study 1 and 2), RWA–Submission (Study 1 and 2), and RWA–Conventionalism (Study 2) than individuals with other gendered or nongendered conceptualizations of God. Implications of the broader impact that gendered God concepts have on social and political domains are explored. Last, limitations and future research directions are discussed

Leadership quality and follower affect - A study of U.S. presidential candidates: Working paper series--07-02

Using data from the seven most recent US presidential elections, two related analyses are conducted. The first presents an analysis of variance comparing Democratic and Republican Party candidates who were successful in securing votes to those who were unsuccessful in securing votes, using follower perceptions of candidate intelligence, candidate's degree of charisma, and follower feelings of positive and negative affect toward these candidates as the units for analysis. Here, perceived intelligence, feelings of pride and hope, as well as feelings of fear and anger, were found to be statistically different between the two groups. Specifically, candidates perceived to be higher in intelligence, who generated stronger feelings of pride and hope, and weaker feelings of fear and anger were more likely to receive voting support from their followers. The second analysis presents a regression model using follower assessments of candidates' leadership quality as dependent upon certain leader perceptual traits, including follower assessments of candidate intelligence and inspirational qualities, as well as follower affective responses (in terms of feelings of pride, hope, fear and anger) toward all candidates. Here, candidates perceived to be higher in intelligence, perceived to possess stronger degrees of inspirational quality, and who were judged more "likeable" in terms of generating stronger degrees of positive follower affect and lower degrees of negative follower affect are considered better quality leaders

Scientific, Legal, and Ethical Concerns About AI-Based Personnel Selection Tools: A Call to Action

Organizations are increasingly turning toward personnel selection tools that rely on artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and machine learning algorithms that, together, intend to predict the future success of employees better than traditional tools. These new forms of assessment include online games, video-based interviews, and big data pulled from many sources, including test responses, test-taking behavior, applications, resumes, and social media. Speedy processing, lower costs, convenient access, and applicant engagement are often and rightfully cited as the practical advantages for using these selection tools. At the same time, however, these tools raise serious concerns about their effectiveness in terms of their conceptual relevance to the job, their basis in a job analysis to ensure job relevancy, their measurement characteristics (reliability and stability), their validity in predicting employee-relevant outcomes, their evidence and normative information being updated appropriately, and the associated ethical concerns around what information is being represented to employers and told to job candidates. This paper explores these concerns, concluding with an urgent call to industrial and organizational psychologists to extend existing professional standards for employment testing to these new AI and machine learning based forms of testing, including standards and requirements for their documentation

Universality in the Crossover between Edge Channel and Bulk Transport in the Quantum Hall Regime

We present a new theoretical approach for the integer quantum Hall effect, which is able to describe the inter-plateau transitions as well as the transition to the Hall insulator. We find two regimes (metallic and insulator like) of the top Landau level, in which the dissipative bulk current appears in different directions. The regimes are separated by a temperature invariant point.Comment: 4 page, 2 eps figures included, submitte

Theory and computation of directional nematic phase ordering

A computational study of morphological instabilities of a two-dimensional nematic front under directional growth was performed using a Landau-de Gennes type quadrupolar tensor order parameter model for the first-order isotropic/nematic transition of 5CB (pentyl-cyanobiphenyl). A previously derived energy balance, taking anisotropy into account, was utilized to account for latent heat and an imposed morphological gradient in the time-dependent model. Simulations were performed using an initially homeotropic isotropic/nematic interface. Thermal instabilities in both the linear and non-linear regimes were observed and compared to past experimental and theoretical observations. A sharp-interface model for the study of linear morphological instabilities, taking into account additional complexity resulting from liquid crystalline order, was derived. Results from the sharp-interface model were compared to those from full two-dimensional simulation identifying the specific limitations of simplified sharp-interface models for this liquid crystal system. In the nonlinear regime, secondary instabilities were observed to result in the formation of defects, interfacial heterogeneities, and bulk texture dynamics.Comment: first revisio