UFUS-Imperial: new soybean cultivar for the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil

A fim de ampliar as opções ao cultivo da soja, a Universidade Federal de Uberlândia lançou a cultivar UFUS-Imperial, proveniente do cruzamento entre (Msoy 8411xMsoy 8914) x (Emgopa 313xTucano). A cultivar apresentou resistência ao acamamento, à deiscência da vagem e aos patógenos: Fusarium solani, Cercospora sojina, Peronospora manshurica, Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines e Diaporthe phaseolorum f.sp. meridionalis, e resistência parcial a Septoria glycines, Erysiphe diffusa e Phakopsora pachyrhizi. O rendimento dessa cultivar, em ensaios regionais, foi 45% superior ao da testemunha Msoy 6101, e é indicada para o Estado de Mato Grosso.With the purpose of offering new options for soybean production, the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia released the cultivar UFUS-Imperial, originated from the crosses between (Msoy 8411xMsoy 8914) x (Emgopa 313xTucano). It showed resistance to lodging, to pod shattering, and to the pathogens Fusarium solani, Cercospora sojina, Peronospora manshurica, Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines and Diaporthe phaseolorum f.sp. meridionalis, and partial resistance to Septoria glycines, Erysiphe diffusa, and Phakopsora pachyrhizi. Its average yield from uniform trials was 45% higher than that of the control Msoy 6101, and it is indicated for cultivation in the State of Mato Grosso

UFUS Riqueza: a new soybean cultivar for the state of Minas Gerais.

The release of cultivars has ensured higher yield associated with increased tolerance to climatic adversity. ‘UFUSRiqueza’ is resistant to natural dehiscence and to the diseases: bacterial pustule, downy mildew, frogeye leaf spot, brown stem rot,stem canker and stem necrosis and can reach yields of 3475 kg ha-1, with grain contents of 18 % oil and 39 % protein

Harvesting delay in physiological quality of soy seeds

Soybeans are a grain-producing species of high international demand and occupy a prominent position in the Brazilian economy. The success of this crop in Brazil is due to public and private investments in production technologies and to breeding programs. It is through the seed that the genetic advances reach the producer. In this context, the success of a cultivar and high productivity depend on the quality of the seed. In view of the above, the objectives of the study were to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean cultivar seeds at different harvesting times. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area located at Fazenda Capim Branco, belonging to the Federal University of Uberlândia, in the 2016/2017 harvest. Ten soybean cultivars were evaluated (CD 2737 RR, UFUS 7415, UFUS 7910, UFUS Milionária, UFUS 7801, NA 5909 RG, UFUS 8301, TMG 7062 IPRO, UFUS Xavante and UFUS 6901) at four harvest times (R7, R8, R8+15, R8+30), constituting a 10 x 4 factorial. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. For the evaluation of the physiological quality, germination, electrical conductivity and fresh matter and dry matter of seedlings tests were performed. In all tests the physiological quality of the seeds decreased with the harvest delay. Emphasis was placed on the cultivar NA 5909 RG, which showed the best means to delay the harvest in 15 and 30 days

Effect of sowing season on soybean performance

The soybean presents great economic expression and high impact in the Brazilian agribusiness. The productive potential of a cultivar is expressed according to the genetic constitution and the environment. The sowing time exerts influence on the agronomic traits of the soybean, impacting the yield of grains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the sowing season on the productive potential and the agronomic traits of soybean. The work was conducted at the Capim Branco experimental farm, belonging to the Federal University of Uberlândia. Twelve cultivars (UFUS 6901, UFUS 7415, BRSMG 68, TMG 801, TMG 7062 IPRO, TMG 2158 IPRO, BRS 7270 IPRO, NA 5909 RR, NS 6909 RR, CD 2737 RR, P98Y30 RR e BRASMAX Desafio RR) and four sowing seasons (October 22, November 5, December 22, 2016 and January 5, 2017) were used. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replicates. The evaluated characters were: number of days for flowering and maturity, plant height at maturity, insertion height for the first pod, number of nodes at maturity, total number of pods, number of tainted pods and productivity. The sowing carried out in October and November contributed to obtain a larger number of nodes and a greater height of plants at maturity, which are agronomic traits favorable to higher productivity. Sowing delay seriously affected soybean yield and in the Uberlândia MG region the ideal sowing time was October 22, before the beginning of November. In the late sowing in December and January, the cultivars that had their productions less affected were the conventional cultivars BRSMG 68 and TMG 801

UFUS Impacta: new soybean cultivar for Minas Gerais State

A busca de alta produtividade na cultura da soja, sem onerar os custos de produção, é o objetivo do melhoramento genético. A cultivar UFUS Impacta é um genótipo de soja proveniente do cruzamento entre Cristalina RCH e IAC 100, de ciclo semi-tardio, com produtividade média superior às testemunhas Garantia e Emgopa 313 RCH. É resistente às principais moléstias da soja e indicada para cultivo no Estado de Minas Gerais.The search for soybean high yield without production costs increasing is the objective of genetic improvement. Cultivar UFUS Impacta is a soybean genotype originated from the cross between Cristalina RCH and IAC 100, semi-late maturity group, with an average productivity greater than the cheks Garantia and Emgopa 313 RCH. It is resistant to major soybean pathogens, and it is indicated for cultivation in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Desempenho agronômico de soja, sob interferência de plantas infestantes

A competição entre os recursos ambientais, imposta pela comunidade infestante, afeta o crescimento, produtividade e qualidade final da soja, prejudicando a colheita, por competição, que aumenta o custo operacional. Outro fator relevante da interferência das plantas infestantes é que estas podem ser hospedeiras de patógenos e pragas, o que dificulta seu controle. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho agronômico de duas cultivares de soja sujeitas à interferência de plantas infestantes. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Fazenda Capim Branco pertencente à Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, no município de Uberlândia - MG, na safra 2015/2016. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso (DBC) com seis repetições. Foram utilizadas duas cultivares, uma de ciclo precoce (UFUS Capim Branco) e outra de ciclo tardio (UFUS Carajás), avaliadas na presença e ausência de plantas infestante, quanto à altura da planta na maturidade, número de nós na haste principal, número de vagens e produtividade de grãos. Após atender às pressuposições do modelo, os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Os resultados refletiram as relações de interferência entre a população de infestantes e a cultura, sendo a família Poaceae a infestante predominante no experimento. Houve aumento na altura média das plantas de soja, redução do número de nós e da produtividade de grãos em ambas cultivares. A cultivar UFUs Capim Branco, sob interferência de infestantes, obteve maior rendimento quando comparada a cultivar de ciclo tardio, UFUS Carajás

Selection of lineages, genetic parameters, and correlations between soybean characters

Soybean has great economic importance in the world accordingly, this legume has been exploited in breeding programs aiming to provide cultivars with extensive grain yield, tolerant to pests and diseases, and adapted to different soil and climatic conditions. Therefore, the objectives of this work were to evaluate genetic parameters and correlations between soybean traits to select lineages to increase yield and improve agronomic traits. Experiments were carried out on the Capim Branco farm, of the Federal University of Uberlândia, harvest in 2016/2017. Fifteen morph-agronomic traits were assessed on twenty-two genotypes in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Agronomic traits related to cycle, height, number of nodes and total pods have shown coefficients of genotypic determination higher than 70%. In addition, coefficients of variation of the number of days to the flowering and number of days to maturity were equal to 3.79% and 4.87%, respectively, indicating high homogeneity of data and low random variation. Among evaluated traits, ten have presented the ratios between the coefficient of genetic variation (CVg) and coefficient of environmental variation (CVe) above one, demonstrating high success likelihood in the selection of these traits. Fifteen genotypes have presented grain yield above the national average of the 2016/2017 harvest, which was 2882 kg h-1. Significant phenotypic correlations between traits ranged from -0.49 to 0.89, however genotype correlation was higher than the phenotypic ones, indicating that genetic factors have contributed more than the environmental factors. Traits related to cycle, height, and the number of nodes in the main stem have presented measures of H² and CVg / CVe with extensive magnitudes, evidencing the possibility of selection lineages having superior traits in the Soybean Breeding Program of the Federal University of Uberlândia. To increasing grain yield, the traits Number of pods of three grains and the Total number of pods were identified as appropriated to indirect selection based on the phenotypic and genotypic correlations. The 2lP14, B2P1, B2P28, B1P33 and 2AP11 lineages stand out as superior genotypes to direct selection

Germinação de cultivares de soja submetidas ao déficit hídrico induzido por polietilenoglicol

A ocorrência de adversidades climáticas cada vez mais frequente e intensas tem representado um serio problema à produção agrícola, principalmente na fase de estabelecimento do stand inicial na cultura da soja. O déficit hídrico é um dos estresses que mais limitam a produtividade desta cultura, principalmente na fase de germinação. O polietilenoglicol (PEG) tem sido comumente utilizado como agente osmótico para simular condições de déficit hídrico, por ser um composto quimicamente inerte, não tóxico, que apresenta alto peso molecular e não é absorvido pelas sementes. Dentro deste contexto o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a germinação de cultivares de soja submetidas ao déficit hídrico induzido por polietilenoglicol. Foram avaliadas três cultivares de soja, UFUS Guarani, UFUS Xavante e MG/BR 46 Conquista quanto à tolerância ao déficit hídrico induzido por polietilenoglicol nos potenciais osmóticos, 0; -0,2; -0,4; -0,6; -0,8 MPa em condições de laboratório. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados com três repetições. As variáveis avaliadas foram porcentagem de plântulas normais e comprimento total de plântulas. O desempenho de cada cultivar depende do potencial osmótico em que a mesma foi submetida, sendo que a concentração de polietilenoglicol 6000 reduziu de forma diferenciada a porcentagem de germinação das cultivares de soja. A cultivar UFUS Xavante apresenta maior estabilidade na fase de germinação em condições de déficit hídrico induzido por Polietilenoglicol 6000