26. Spotlight: Expert*innen auf dem Gebiet der SynBio : Eine Recherche unter Anwendung des ExpertExplorers

In the ‘Fifth Gene Technology Report’, renowned experts provide an overview of current developments and their applications in the dynamically evolving research field of gene and biotechnologies. They examine, among other topics, genetic diagnostics, somatic gene therapy, the development of vaccines, stem cell and organoid research, green gene technology, synthetic biology, gene drives, genome editing, epigenetics and single cell analysis. In addition to reporting on the current state of affairs in this field, the authors also discuss society’s perception of gene technologies and ethical and legal issues relating to them, such as genome edit-ing, cerebral organoids and big data in personalised medicine. Moreover, the interdisciplinary task force ‘Gentechnologiebericht’ (Gene Technology Report) offers recommendations on action that could be taken in relation to the key issues. With contributions by Karla Alex, Sina Bartfeld, Meik Bittkowski, Inge Broer, Lorina Buhr, Stephan Clemens, Wolfgang Van den Daele, Hans-Georg Dederer, Tobias J. Erb, Nina Gasparoni, Heiner Fangerau, Boris Fehse, Jürgen Hampel, Louise Herde, Ferdinand Hucho, Ali Jawaid, Aida Khachatryan, Sarah Kohler, Alma Kolleck, Martin Korte, Cordula Kropp, Alfons Labisch, Markus Lehmkuhl, Melanie Leidecker-Sandmann, Annette Leßmöllmann, Isabelle M. Mansuy, Lilian Marx-Stölting, Andreas Merk, Yannick Milhahn, Fruzsina Molnár-Gábor, Stefan Mundlos, Staffan Müller-Wille, Angela Osterheider, Anja Pichl, Barbara Prainsack, Jens Reich, Marlen Reinschke, Ortwin Renn, Hans-Jörg Rheinberger, Arnold Sauter, Hannah Schickl, Silke Schicktanz, Volker Stollorz, Constanze Störk-Biber, Jochen Taupitz, Jörn Walter, Eva C. Winkler, Martin Zenke and Michael M. Zwick

Organoide

Zusammenfassung Organoide sind dreidimensionale, aus Stammzellen entwickelte Modellsysteme für unterschiedliche Organe, die großes Potenzial für Forschung und Medizin bergen. Sie werfen wissenschaftliche, aber auch philosophische, ethische und juristische Fragen auf, die bislang in Deutschland wenig diskutiert werden. Der Themenband der interdisziplinären Arbeitsgruppe (IAG) Gentechnologiebericht an der Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften bietet eine Übersicht über aktuelle wissenschaftliche Entwicklungen, ihre derzeitigen und potenziellen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten sowie wissenschaftstheoretische, ethische und juristische Reflexionen. Hiermit möchte die IAG einen Anstoß zu einer interdisziplinären und gesamtgesellschaftlichen Debatte liefern. Mit Beiträgen von Cantas Alev, Aileen-Diane Bamford, Sina Bartfeld, Andreia S. Batista-Rocha, Ali H. Brivanlou, Thomas Burgold, Cindrilla Chumduri, Stephan Clemens, Emrecan Dilmen, Tobias Erb, Fred Etoc, Melinda B. Fagan, Heiner Fangerau, Boris Fehse, Nina Frey, Tristan Frum, Anne Grapin-Botton, Navin Gupta, Jürgen Hampel, Ferdinand Hucho, Özge Kayisoglu, Rashmiparvathi Keshara, Yung Hae Kim, Bon-Kyoung Koo, Martin Korte, Yaroslav Koshelev, Kai Kretzschmar, Allison Lewis, Lilian Marx-Stölting, Fruzsina Molnár-Gábor, Ryuji Morizane, Stefan Mundlos, Paola Nicolas, Angela Osterheider, In-Hyun Park, Anja Pichl, Sandra Pilat-Carotta, Jens Reich, Marlen Reinschke, Hannah Schickl, Silke Schicktanz, Nicolas Schlegel, Jason R. Spence, Yoshiaki Tanaka, Jochen Taupitz, Isaree Teriyapirom, Margherita Y. Turco, Jörn Walter, Eva Winkler, Martin Zenke. Abstract Organoids are developed from stem cells and serve as three-dimensional model systems for different organs. They have great potential for research and medicine, but also raise philosophical, ethical and legal questions which have rarely been discussed in Germany so far. This thematic study by the interdisciplinary research group (IAG) Gene Technology Report at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities offers an overview of current scientific developments, their present and potential application, as well as epistemological, ethical and legal reflections. Hereby, the IAG wants to provide impetus for an interdisciplinary and society-wide debate on this general subject. With contributions by Cantas Alev, Aileen-Diane Bamford, Sina Bartfeld, Andreia S. Batista-Rocha, Ali H. Brivanlou, Thomas Burgold, Cindrilla Chumduri, Stephan Clemens, Emrecan Dilmen, Tobias Erb, Fred Etoc, Melinda B. Fagan, Heiner Fangerau, Boris Fehse, Nina Frey, Tristan Frum, Anne Grapin-Botton, Navin Gupta, Jürgen Hampel, Ferdinand Hucho, Özge Kayisoglu, Rashmiparvathi Keshara, Yung Hae Kim, Bon-Kyoung Koo, Martin Korte, Yaroslav Koshelev, Kai Kretzschmar, Allison Lewis, Lilian Marx-Stölting, Fruzsina Molnár-Gábor, Ryuji Morizane, Stefan Mundlos, Paola Nicolas, Angela Osterheider, In-Hyun Park, Anja Pichl, Sandra Pilat-Carotta, Jens Reich, Marlen Reinschke, Hannah Schickl, Silke Schicktanz, Nicolas Schlegel, Jason R. Spence, Yoshiaki Tanaka, Jochen Taupitz, Isaree Teriyapirom, Margherita Y. Turco, Jörn Walter, Eva Winkler, Martin Zenke