4,285 research outputs found
Heralded photon amplification for quantum communication
Heralded noiseless amplification based on single-photon sources and linear
optics is ideally suited for long-distance quantum communication tasks based on
discrete variables. We experimentally demonstrate such an amplifier, operating
at telecommunication wavelengths. Coherent amplification is performed with a
gain of G=1.98+/-0.2, for a state with a maximum expected gain G=2. We also
demonstrate that there is no need for a stable phase reference between the
initial signal state and the local auxiliary photons used by the amplifier.
These results highlight the potential of heralded quantum amplifiers for
long-distance quantum communication, and bring device-independent quantum key
distribution one step closer.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Confirming the least massive members of the Pleiades star cluster
We present optical photometry (i- and Z-band) and low-resolution spectroscopy
(640-1015 nm) of very faint candidate members (J = 20.2-21.2 mag) of the
Pleiades star cluster (120 Myr). The main goal is to address their cluster
membership via photometric, astrometric, and spectroscopic studies, and to
determine the properties of the least massive population of the cluster through
the comparison of the data with younger and older spectral counterparts and
state-of-the art model atmospheres. We confirm three bona-fide Pleiades members
that have extremely red optical and infrared colors, effective temperatures of
~1150 K and ~1350 K, and masses in the interval 11-20 Mjup, and one additional
likely member that shares the same motion as the cluster but does not appear to
be as red as the other members with similar brightness. This latter object
requires further near-infrared spectroscopy to fully address its membership in
the Pleiades. The optical spectra of two bona-fide members were classified as
L6-L7 and show features of KI, a tentative detection of CsI, hydrides and water
vapor with an intensity similar to high-gravity dwarfs of related
classification despite their young age. The properties of the Pleiades L6-L7
members clearly indicate that very red colors of L dwarfs are not a direct
evidence of ages younger than ~100 Myr. We also report on the determination of
the bolometric corrections for the coolest Pleiades members. These data can be
used to interpret the observations of the atmospheres of exoplanets orbiting
stars.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (17 pages
A New Pleiades Member at the Lithium Substellar Boundary
We present the discovery of an object in the Pleiades open cluster, named
Teide 2, with optical and infrared photometry which place it on the cluster
sequence slightly below the expected substellar mass limit. We have obtained
low- and high-resolution spectra that allow us to determine its spectral type
(M6), radial velocity and rotational broadening; and to detect H in
emission and Li I 670.8 nm in absorption. All the observed properties strongly
support the membership of Teide 2 into the Pleiades. This object has an
important role in defining the reappearance of lithium below the substellar
limit in the Pleiades. The age of the Pleiades very low-mass members based on
their luminosities and absence or presence of lithium is constrained to be in
the range 100--120 Myr.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figure
Approach to a classification of construction typologies of pig facilities: case study Antioquia – Colombia
Received: January 31th, 2021 ; Accepted: March 27th, 2021 ; Published: April 30th, 2021 ; Correspondence: [email protected] facilities foro confined production in tropical countries such as Colombia does not
specify, in the present moment a typological classification that allows researchers to carry out
evaluations related to animal comfort and environmental impacts according to the type of
accommodation. To achieve the objective of this research were developed a survey to a panel of
experts, a decision sensitivity analysis and the hierarchical analytical method AHP. Parameters
that allowed to describe the concept of a technified pig farm were obteined, where the most
relevant were: biosecurity measures, measurement of zootechnical parameters, training for
workers and legal fulfilment. Additionally, ranges were defined to establish the production size
in small, medium and large according to the number of animals. The results obtained per group
were: 1) breeding small (50–200), medium (201–1,000) and large (1,001–5,000); 2) growth small
(60–200), medium (201–800) and large (801–5000); and 3) finishing stage small (50–500),
medium (501–1,000) and large (2,001–5,000). A total of 948 typological combinations were
initially determined. Finally, the construction characteristics with the greatest technical and
operational feasibility were prioritized for each group achieving 36 typologies that can represent
the typological pig facilities not only in the state of Antioquia but also in many others states in
Colombia
VLT X-shooter spectroscopy of the nearest brown dwarf binary
The aim of the project is to characterise both components of the nearest
brown dwarf sytem to the Sun, WISE J104915.57-531906.1 (=Luhman16AB) at optical
and near-infrared wavelengths. We obtained high signal-to-noise
intermediate-resolution (R~6000-11000) optical (600-1000 nm) and near-infrared
(1000-2480nm) spectra of each component of Luhman16AB, the closest brown dwarf
binary to the Sun, with the X-Shooter instrument on the Very Large Telescope.
We classify the primary and secondary of the Luhman16 system as L6-L7.5 and
T0+/-1, respectively, in agreement with previous measurements published in the
literature. We present measurements of the lithium pseudo-equivalent widths,
which appears of similar strength on both components (8.2+/-1.0 Angstroms and
8.4+/-1.5 Angstroms for the L and T components, respectively). The presence of
lithium (Lithium 7) in both components imply masses below 0.06 Msun while
comparison with models suggests lower limits of 0.04 Msun. The detection of
lithium in the T component is the first of its kind. Similarly, we assess the
strength of other alkali lines (e.g. pseudo-equivalent widths of 6-7 Angstroms
for RbI and 4-7 Angstroms for CsI) present in the optical and near-infrared
regions and compare with estimates for L and T dwarfs. We also derive effective
temperatures and luminosities of each component of the binary: -4.66+/-0.08 dex
and 1305(+180)(-135) for the L dwarf and -4.68+/-0.13 dex and 1320(+185)(-135)
for the T dwarf, respectively. Using our radial velocity determinations, the
binary does not appear to belong to any of the well-known moving group. Our
preliminary theoretical analysis of the optical and J-band spectra indicates
that the L- and T-type spectra can be reproduced with a single temperature and
gravity but different relative chemical abundances which impact strongly the
spectral energy distribution of L/T transition objects.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figure, 3 tables, accepted to A&
New ultracool subdwarfs identified in large-scale surveys using Virtual Observatory tools: II. SDSS DR7 vs UKIDSS LAS DR6, SDSS DR7 vs UKIDSS LAS DR8, SDSS DR9 vs UKIDSS LAS DR10, and SDSS DR7 vs 2MASS
We aim at developing an efficient method to search for late-type subdwarfs
(metal-depleted dwarfs with spectral types >M5) to improve the current
statistics. Our objectives are: improve our knowledge of metal-poor low-mass
dwarfs, bridge the gap between the late-M and L types, determine their surface
density, and understand the impact of metallicity on the stellar and substellar
mass function.
We carried out a search cross-matching the SDSS, 2MASS, and UKIDSS using
STILTS, Aladin, and Topcat. We considered different photometric and proper
motion criteria for our selection. We identified 29 and 71 late-type subdwarf
candidates in each cross-correlation over 8826 and 3679 square degrees,
respectively. We obtained low-resolution optical spectra for 71 of our
candidates with GTC, NOT, and VLT and retrieved spectra for 30 candidates from
the SDSS spectroscopic database. We classified 92 candidates based on 101
optical spectra using two methods: spectral indices and comparison with
templates of known subdwarfs.
We confirmed 86% and 94% of the candidates as late-type subdwarfs from the
SDSS vs 2MASS and SDSS vs UKIDSS cross-matches, respectively. These subdwarfs
have spectral types ranging between M5 and L0.5 and SDSS magnitudes in the
r=19.4-23.3 mag range. Our new late-type M discoveries include 49 subdwarfs, 25
extreme subdwarfs, six ultrasubdwarfs, one subdwarf/extreme subdwarf, and two
dwarfs/subdwarfs. We derived a surface density of late-type subdwarfs of
0.040 per square degree in the SDSS DR7 vs UKIDSS LAS DR10
cross-match. We also checked the AllWISE photometry of known and new subdwarfs
and found that mid-infrared colours of M subdwarfs do not appear to differ from
their solar-metallicity counterparts of similar spectral types. However, the
J-W2 and J-W1 colours are bluer for lower metallicity dwarfs. (abstract
strongly abridged)Comment: 28 pages, 4 Tables, 10 figures, 1 appendix. Accepted to A&A.
Photometry and spectra available in a dedicated archive on late-type
subdwarfs at http://svo2.cab.inta-csic.es/vocats/ltsa
Dielectric screening in extended systems using the self-consistent Sternheimer equation and localized basis sets
We develop a first-principles computational method for investigating the
dielectric screening in extended systems using the self-consistent Sternheimer
equation and localized non-orthogonal basis sets. Our approach does not require
the explicit calculation of unoccupied electronic states, only uses two-center
integrals, and has a theoretical scaling of order O(N^3). We demonstrate this
method by comparing our calculations for silicon, germanium, diamond, and LiCl
with reference planewaves calculations. We show that accuracy comparable to
planewaves calculations can be achieved via a systematic optimization of the
basis set.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
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