Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Diabetic Patients (Type II) Regarding Life Style Modification at Qena University Hospital in (Upper Egypt)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiological factors characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbance of carbohydrate, fat  and  protein metabolism which resulted from either insufficient Insulin secretion, resistance to the action of Insulin or both .The purpose of this study was to assess Knowledge, attitude and practice of diabetic patients ( type II)  regarding life style modification. A descriptive study was conducted using a structured questionnaire amongst 150 type II diabetic patients seen at the diabetic clinic at Qena University Hospital in( UpperEgypt) from the first of June (2015) to the end of August (2015). Socio-demographic characteristics of the participants were obtained and their knowledge, attitude and practice regarding lifestyle modification were assessed. Results showed that more than three quarter of the participants had poor knowledge regarding the benefits of exercise and weight loss ,while 84% had poor knowledge regarding a healthy diet. About the practice, participants showed poor practice to life style modification. Nevertheless, our patients had positive attitude toward healthy lifestyle habits which could potentially be harnessed and translated into healthy lifestyle practices. A Life style modification has important roles in management and prevention of many chronic diseases like (type II) DM. It was recommended that implementation of health education programs about life style modification importance of physical exercise and weight loss, fast food, smoking and drinking (alcohol) to the general society should be by the responsible body. Medical nutrition intervention program should be implemented with a multidisciplinary team (nurses, doctors, dietician, pharmacists…) Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus (type II) - knowledge, attitude, practice and life style modificatio

Bilateral acute angle closure glaucoma after hyperopic LASIK correction

AbstractAcute angle closure glaucoma is unexpected complication following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). We are reporting a 49-years-old lady that was presented to the emergency department with acute glaucoma in both eyes soon after LASIK correction. Diagnosis was made on detailed clinical history and examination, slit lamp examination, intraocular pressure measurement and gonioscopy. Laser iridotomy in both eyes succeeded in controlling the attack and normalizing the intraocular pressure (IOP) more than 6months of follow-up. Prophylactic laser iridotomy is essential for narrow angle patients before LASIK surgery if refractive laser surgery is indicated

Al-Zahrawi method on inflammatory swellings and tumours surgery

The objective ofthis chapter is to list the contribution of AI-Zahrawi in the surgery of swellings and tumours. This chapter explores AI- Zahrawi as a surgeon in the field of inflammatory swellings and tumours. He was known as the most notable Muslim surgeon during the Islamic civilization. His name is Abu-AI-Qasim Khalaf Ibn'Abbas AI-Zahrawi known as Abulcasis, Bucasis or Alzahravius. In 930 A.D., he was born in AI-Zahra, a suburb of Cordova. He attended the University of Cordova which had been established for one and a half centuries. AI-Zahrawi as a physician was appointed as the Court-Physician of King Abdel-Rahman III (Amr SS, 2007, pp. 220-1). He spent a productive life in practicing medicine, especially in surgery and medical writings. He wrote mainly four books. One of them is "AI_Tastif Liman Ajiz'an Al-Ta'lif' which is the best medieval surgical encyclopaedi

Backpropagation Neural Network Based on Local Search Strategy and Enhanced Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm for Breast Cancer Diagnosis

The role of intelligence techniques is becoming more significant in detecting and diagnosis of medical data. However, the performance of such methods is based on the algorithms or technique. In this paper, we develop an intelligent technique using multiobjective evolutionary method hybrid with a local search approach to enhance the backpropagation neural network. First, we enhance the famous multiobjective evolutionary algorithms, which is a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). Then, we hybrid the enhanced algorithm with the local search strategy to ensures the acceleration of the convergence speed to the non-dominated front. In addition, such hybridization get the solutions achieved are well spread over it. As a result of using a local search method the quality of the Pareto optimal solutions are increased and all individuals in the population are enhanced. The key notion of the proposed algorithm was to  show a new technique to settle automaticly artificial neural network design problem. The empirical results generated by the proposed intelligent technique evaluated by applying to the breast cancer dataset and emphasize the capability of the proposed algorithm to improve the results. The network size and accuracy results of the proposed method are better than the previous methods. Therefore, the method is then capable of finding a proper number of hidden neurons and error rates of the BP algorithm

Urinary Retention and Severe Hyponatremia: An Unusual Presentation of COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A few published cases have linked COVID-19 and hyponatremia. The mechanism of hyponatremia in these cases is related to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Here we present a unique case of urinary retention and SIADH as unusual presenting features of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Backpropagation neural network based on local search strategy and enhanced multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for breast cancer diagnosis

The role of intelligence techniques is becoming more significant in detecting and diagnosis of medical data. However, the performance of such methods is based on the algorithms or technique. In this paper, we develop an intelligent technique using multiobjective evolutionary method hybrid with a local search approach to enhance the backpropagation neural network. First, we enhance the famous multiobjective evolutionary algorithms, which is a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). Then, we hybrid the enhanced algorithm with the local search strategy to ensures the acceleration of the convergence speed to the non-dominated front. In addition, such hybridization get the solutions achieved are well spread over it. As a result of using a local search method the quality of the Pareto optimal solutions are increased and all individuals in the population are enhanced. The key notion of the proposed algorithm was to show a new technique to settle automaticly artificial neural network design problem. The empirical results generated by the proposed intelligent technique evaluated by applying to the breast cancer dataset and emphasize the capability of the proposed algorithm to improve the results. The network size and accuracy results of the proposed method are better than the previous methods. Therefore, the method is then capable of finding a proper number of hidden neurons and error rates of the BP algorithm

Longitudinal changes in peri-papillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with unilateral branch retinal vein occlusion

Background: Associations between retinal venous occlusion (RVO), elevated intraocular pressure, and glaucoma have been reported. Further investigations into structural alterations in the fellow eyes of individuals with unilateral RVO have revealed that the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer is thinner than in healthy eyes, suggesting that there may be systemic risk factors common to both RVO and glaucoma. We aimed to evaluate changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFLT) among individuals with unilateral branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Methods: This prospective observational study recruited 30 individuals (60 eyes) with newly diagnosed unilateral BRVO and macular edema, and a control group of 30 healthy individuals (30 eyes) with no abnormalities on fundus examination or concurrent systemic comorbidities. After baseline measurements, the participants were reassessed at 6, 12, and 24 months by measuring global and sectoral pRNFLT using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Results: The mean age and sex distributions were comparable between the patient and control groups (both P > 0.05). When compared to fellow eyes, global and sectoral pRNFLT in eyes with BRVO were significantly higher at baseline (all P < 0.05). Over time, pRNFLT decreased dramatically, and by the conclusion of the two-year follow-up, there was a significant reduction from baseline in the affected eyes (all P < 0.05). Likewise, affected eyes experienced a significant improvement in best-corrected distance visual acuity and central macular thickness over the two-year follow-up (both P Less than or equal to 0.001). Comparing the global and all-sector pRNFLT of fellow eyes in the patient group with those of normal eyes in the control group, there were no significant differences at any visit, except in the temporal sector, which revealed a significant reduction in pRNFLT at 24 months in the fellow eyes of patients with unilateral BRVO (P = 0.02).   Conclusions: Patients with unilateral BRVO experienced a significant reduction in pRNFLT in the affected eyes and, to a lesser extent, in the fellow eyes, compared with that of the control arm, suggesting that they are prone to retinal nerve fiber layer damage. The reduction in pRNFLT in the normal fellow eyes of patients with BRVO may be attributed to age or concurrent systemic comorbidities. Further studies with long follow-up periods are required to shed light on the etiology of functional and structural changes in both the retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell complex in the normal and affected eyes of patients with unilateral BRVO