604 research outputs found
On some questions related to the Krichever correspondence
We investigate various new properties and examples of one-dimensional and
two-dimensional Krichever correspondence developed by Parshin. In particular,
we give explicit examples of the Krichever-Parshin map for various plane
curves, we introduce analogs of the Schur pairs in a two-dimensional local
field and show that they are oft geometrical. At the end we investigate analogs
of the KP hierarchy for two-dimensional local skew-fields with arbitrary
commutation law instead of the usual law of Weyl algebra. We derive for these
hierarchies new partial differential equations, which coincide with the usual
KP equation for certain values of parameters.Comment: 13
Gauge theory of disclinations on fluctuating elastic surfaces
A variant of a gauge theory is formulated to describe disclinations on
Riemannian surfaces that may change both the Gaussian (intrinsic) and mean
(extrinsic) curvatures, which implies that both internal strains and a location
of the surface in R^3 may vary. Besides, originally distributed disclinations
are taken into account. For the flat surface, an extended variant of the
Edelen-Kadic gauge theory is obtained. Within the linear scheme our model
recovers the von Karman equations for membranes, with a disclination-induced
source being generated by gauge fields. For a single disclination on an
arbitrary elastic surface a covariant generalization of the von Karman
equations is derived.Comment: 13 page
Disclination vortices in elastic media
The vortex-like solutions are studied in the framework of the gauge model of
disclinations in elastic continuum. A complete set of model equations with
disclination driven dislocations taken into account is considered. Within the
linear approximation an exact solution for a low-angle wedge disclination is
found to be independent from the coupling constants of the theory. As a result,
no additional dimensional characteristics (like the core radius of the defect)
are involved. The situation changes drastically for 2\pi vortices where two
characteristic lengths, l_\phi and l_W, become of importance. The asymptotical
behaviour of the solutions for both singular and nonsingular 2\pi vortices is
studied. Forces between pairs of vortices are calculated.Comment: 13 pages, published versio
Cavitation-induced ignition of cryogenic hydrogen-oxygen fluids
The Challenger disaster and purposeful experiments with liquid hydrogen (H2)
and oxygen (Ox) tanks demonstrated that cryogenic H2/Ox fluids always
self-ignite in the process of their mixing. Here we propose a
cavitation-induced self-ignition mechanism that may be realized under these
conditions. In one possible scenario, self-ignition is caused by the strong
shock waves generated by the collapse of pure Ox vapor bubble near the surface
of the Ox liquid that may initiate detonation of the gaseous H2/Ox mixture
adjacent to the gas-liquid interface. This effect is further enhanced by H2/Ox
combustion inside the collapsing bubble in the presence of admixed H2 gas
Symmetries and Ambiguities in the linear sigma model with light quarks
We investigate the role of undetermined finite contributions generated by
radiative corrections in a linear sigma model with quarks.
Although some of such terms can be absorbed in the renormalization procedure,
one such contribution is left in the expression for the pion decay constant.
This arbitrariness is eliminated by chiral symmetry.Comment: 9 pages. Added references through the text; an author was added due
to an important contribution; corrected typos; the title also was changed.
Submitted to Modern Physics Letter
A Comprehensive Model of Nitrogen-Free Ordered Carbon Quantum Dots
We propose and demonstrate a novel range of models to accurately determine
the optical properties of nitrogen-free carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with ordered
graphene layered structures. We confirm the results of our models against the
full range of experimental results for CQDs available from an extensive review
of the literature. The models can be equally applied to CQDs with varied sizes
and with different oxygen content in the basal planes of the constituent
graphenic sheets. We demonstrate that the experimentally observed blue
fluorescent emission of nitrogen-free CQDs can be associated with either small
oxidised areas on the periphery of the graphenic sheets, or with sub-nanometre
non-functionalised islands of sp2-hybridised carbon with high symmetry confined
in the centres of oxidised graphene sheets. Larger and/or less symmetric
non-functionalised regions in the centre of functionalised graphene sheet are
found to be sources of green and even red fluorescent emission from
nitrogen-free CQDs. We also demonstrate an approach to simplify the modelling
of the discussed sp2-islands by substitution with equivalent strained
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Additionally, we show that the bandgaps (and
photoluminescence) of CQDs are not dependent on either out-of-plane corrugation
of the graphene sheet or the spacing between sp2-islands. Advantageously, our
proposed models show that there is no need to involve light-emitting polycyclic
aromatic molecules (nanographenes) with arbitrary structures grafted to the
particle periphery to explain the plethora of optical phenomena observed for
CQDs across the full range of experimental works.Comment: 32 pages, 6 figures, accepted to Nanoscale Research Letter
Light Quark Masses in Multi-Quark Interactions
We suggest and discuss in detail a multi-quark three flavor Lagrangian of the
Nambu -- Jona-Lasinio type, which includes a set of effective interactions
proportional to the current quark masses. It is shown that within the dynamical
chiral symmetry breaking regime, the masses of the pseudo Goldstone bosons and
their chiral partners, members of the low lying scalar nonet, are in perfect
agreement with current phenomenological expectations. The role of the new
interactions is analyzed.Comment: 8 pages, published versio
Effective Chiral Meson Lagrangian For The Extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio Model
We present a derivation of the low-energy effective meson Lagrangian of the
extended Nambu -- Jona-Lasinio (ENJL) model. The case with linear realization
of broken chiral symmetry is considered. There are two
crucial points why this revision is needed. Firstly it is the explicit chiral
symmetry breaking effect. On the basis of symmetry arguments we show that
relevant contributions related with the current quark mass terms are absent
from the effective Lagrangians derived so far in the literature. Secondly we
suggest a chiral covariant way to avoid non-diagonal terms responsible for the
pseudoscalar -- axial-vector mixing from the effective meson Lagrangian. In the
framework of the linear approach this diagonalization has not been done
correctly. We discuss as well the coset space
parametrization for the revised Lagrangian (nonlinear ansatz). Our Lagrangian
differs in an essential way from those that have been derived till now on the
basis of both linear and nonlinear realizations of chiral symmetry.Comment: 23 pages, plain LaTex, no figure
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