9 research outputs found

    Selection of Elements at the Dissolution of Heat Resistant Nickel Alloys in Mineral Acid Solutions

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    Thermodynamic modeling of the interaction of a heat-resistant nickel alloy containing refractory rare metals with hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric acids with a temperature change in the range of 20-100 ∘ C and a concentration of 50 to 150 g / dm3 at a pressure of 1 atm was carried out. The thermodynamic assessment data were confirmed in experiments on the anodic dissolution of the alloy in sulfate solutions. According to the results of x-ray phase analysis of the sludge, it was revealed that tungsten in the form of a solid solution in nickel passes to this product. Also, tantalum and niobium pass into the slurry in the form of oxides. Mostly, Re, Co, Cr passed into the electrolyte solution. The results of the study can serve as a scientific basis for the development of promising technologies for processing metal waste from heat-resistant alloys. Keywords: thermodynamic modeling, heat resistant nickel alloy, rare elements, mineral acids, dissolutio

    INFLUENCE OF GROUP V METALS ON PHASE FORMATION AND INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES OF TITANIUM-ALUMINUM ALLOYS

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    A theoretical and experimental study of the regularities of phase formation in the Ti-Al – Nb(Ta, V) alloy obtained by the joint aluminothermal reduction of metals from oxides is car-ried out. The physicochemical properties of the alloys were studied

    INTERFACIAL INTERACTION IN Ti -Al -(Nb, Ta, V) SYSTEM

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    Physical and chemical properties of Ti-Al - (Nb, Ta, V) alloys obtained by joint aluminothermal reduction of metals from oxides are studied. The influence of melting point and concentration of Nb, Ta, V on density and surface tension of alloys was studied

    The studying of isothermal decomposition processes of Ξ²-solid solution in the VST2 titanium alloy at temperatures of 600 ... 750 Β° C

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    This work is described titanium alloy semi VST2 after isothermal soaking for 5 seconds to 16 hours at temperatures 600…750Β°C. A microstructure, phase composition and hardness analysis of final samples was investigated after the heat treatment conditions.Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ„Π°Π±Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сплава VST2 послС изотСрмичСской Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ… 600…750 Β°C, Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ 5 сСкунд Π΄ΠΎ 16 часов. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· микроструктуры, Ρ„Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ состава ΠΈ твСрдости послС Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ послС Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ

    БовмСстноС мСталлотСрмичСскоС восстановлСниС Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² V Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹

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    The features of phase formation during the joint aluminothermic reduction of titanium, niobium, tantalum, vanadium from their oxides using methods of thermodynamic modeling, differential thermal and X-ray phase analysis were studied. Computer thermodynamic modeling made it possible to predict the optimal temperature conditions in the metallothermic process, composition and ratio of reagents in the charge, behavior of elements and sequence of phase formation. Thermodynamic calculations were supplemented by differential thermal studies using the combined scanning calorimetry method to identify the kinetic and thermochemical components of the process. An analysis of theoretical and experimental data allowed us to establish that the interaction of aluminum with titanium dioxide proceeds through the stage of titanium monoxide formation and features by the formation of TixAly intermetallic compounds of various compositions (TiAl3, TiAl, Ti2Al) depending on the Al and TiO2 ratio in the charge. When titanium dioxide is partially replaced by niobium, tantalum and vanadium oxides, the metallothermic process during interactions in the Al–TiO2–Nb2O5, Al–TiO2–Ta2O5 and Al–TiO2–V2O5 systems has a similar nature, enters the active phase once liquid aluminum appears, is accompanied by exothermic effects and features by the priority formation of titanium aluminides and binary and ternary intermetallic aluminum compounds with Group 5 rare refractory metals – AlNb3, Al3Nb, Al3Ta, Al3(Ti1–х, TaΡ…), Al3(Ti0,8V0,2). The joint conversion of titanium dioxide and rare refractory metal pentoxides during the reduction process is carried out through sequential and parallel stages of the formation of simple and complex element oxides with low oxidation states.Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ особСнности фазообразования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ совмСстном Π°Π»ΡŽΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ восстановлСнии Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½Π°, ниобия, Ρ‚Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°, ванадия ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡ… оксидов с использованиСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² тСрмодинамичСского модСлирования, Π΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-тСрмичСс- ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ„Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ тСрмодинамичСского модСлирования ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² мСталлотСрмичСском процСссС ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ условия, состав ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡˆΠΈΡ…Ρ‚Π°Ρ…, ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ элСмСнтов ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ формирования Ρ„Π°Π·. Для выявлСния кинСтичСской ΠΈ тСрмохимичСской ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… процСсса тСрмодинамичСскиС расчСты Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-тСрмичСскими исслСдованиями с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° совмСщСнной ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ. Анализ тСорСтичСских ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ взаимодСйствиС алюминия с диоксидом Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΡΡ‚Π°Π΄ΠΈΡŽ образования монооксида Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΈ характСризуСтся, Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡˆΠΈΡ…Ρ‚Π°Ρ… Al ΠΈ TiO2, Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ интСрмСталличСских соСдинСний TixAly Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ состава (TiAl3, TiAl, Ti2Al). ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ частичной Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ диоксида Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° оксиды ниобия, Ρ‚Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ ванадия мСталлотСрмичСский процСсс ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ взаимодСйствиях Π² систСмах Al–TiO2–Nb2O5, Al–TiO2–Ta2O5 ΠΈ Al–TiO2–V2O5 ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€, вступаСт Π² Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„Π°Π·Ρƒ послС появлСния ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ алюминия, сопровоТдаСтся экзотСрмичСскими эффСктами ΠΈ характСризуСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ алюминидов Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… интСрмСталличСских соСдинСний алюминия с Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ V Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ – AlNb3, Al3Nb, Al3Ta, Al3(Ti1–х,TaΡ…), Al3(Ti0,8,V0,2). БовмСстноС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ диоксида Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΈ пСнтаоксидов Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² Π² процСссС восстановлСния осущСствляСтся Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ стадии образования простых ΠΈ слоТных оксидов элСмСнтов с Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ стСпСнями окислСния

    Laser Trapping of Colloidal Metal Nanoparticles

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