252 research outputs found
Comparison of Supine and Vertical Bioimpedance Measurements in Young Adults
Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 3: Issue 1, Article 11, 2022. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) methods estimate health parameters such as phase angle (PhA) and body fat percentage (%BF) from various positional and electrode configurations. PhA and %BF are known biological markers of cellular and physical health, respectively, and can be used to predict various health-related conditions and therefore require accurate assessment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of body position during BIA by investigating the difference and agreement between PhA and %BF using RJL (supine) and InBody (vertical) analyzers. Thirty-eight young adults (23.4±4.1 yrs.) volunteered and underwent body composition assessments by both analyzers. Difference and agreement in assessments of PhA and %BF between analyzers were assessed using paired samples t-tests and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (rc), respectively. RJL’s PhA (7.15±0.84°) exceeded InBody’s (6.11±0.74°), p\u3c0.001, and had poor agreement (rc =0.47). RJL’s %BF (23.0±6.8%) was similar to InBody’s (23.1±7.4%), p=0.813, and had substantial agreement (rc =0.95). Both analyzers estimated %BF similarly and may be interchangeable for this purpose, thus demonstrating no effect of body position on the estimation of %BF with these BIA devices. An individual\u27s PhA may be underestimated if measured in the vertical position and compared to supine reference values. Current reference values for PhA are based on measurements in the supine position, so until vertical reference values of PhA are available, caution is urged when interpreting PhA from vertical BIA assessments
Creating Structure in Web Archives With Collections: Different Concepts From Web Archivists
As web archives' holdings grow, archivists subdivide them into collections so
they are easier to understand and manage. In this work, we review the
collection structures of eight web archive platforms: : Archive-It, Conifer,
the Croatian Web Archive (HAW), the Internet Archive's user account web
archives, Library of Congress (LC), PANDORA, Trove, and the UK Web Archive
(UKWA). We note a plethora of different approaches to web archive collection
structures. Some web archive collections support sub-collections and some
permit embargoes. Curatorial decisions may be attributed to a single
organization or many. Archived web pages are known by many names: mementos,
copies, captures, or snapshots. Some platforms restrict a memento to a single
collection and others allow mementos to cross collections. Knowledge of
collection structures has implications for many different applications and
users. Visitors will need to understand how to navigate collections. Future
archivists will need to understand what options are available for designing
collections. Platform designers need it to know what possibilities exist. The
developers of tools that consume collections need to understand collection
structures so they can meet the needs of their users.Comment: 5 figures, 16 pages, accepted for publication at TPDL 202
Chaste: a test-driven approach to software development for biological modelling
Chaste (‘Cancer, heart and soft-tissue environment’) is a software library and a set of test suites for computational simulations in the domain of biology. Current functionality has arisen from modelling in the fields of cancer, cardiac physiology and soft-tissue mechanics. It is released under the LGPL 2.1 licence.\ud
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Chaste has been developed using agile programming methods. The project began in 2005 when it was reasoned that the modelling of a variety of physiological phenomena required both a generic mathematical modelling framework, and a generic computational/simulation framework. The Chaste project evolved from the Integrative Biology (IB) e-Science Project, an inter-institutional project aimed at developing a suitable IT infrastructure to support physiome-level computational modelling, with a primary focus on cardiac and cancer modelling
Quantum dynamics of a model for two Josephson-coupled Bose--Einstein condensates
In this work we investigate the quantum dynamics of a model for two
single-mode Bose--Einstein condensates which are coupled via Josephson
tunneling. Using direct numerical diagonalisation of the Hamiltonian, we
compute the time evolution of the expectation value for the relative particle
number across a wide range of couplings. Our analysis shows that the system
exhibits rich and complex behaviours varying between harmonic and non-harmonic
oscillations, particularly around the threshold coupling between the
delocalised and self-trapping phases. We show that these behaviours are
dependent on both the initial state of the system as well as regime of the
coupling. In addition, a study of the dynamics for the variance of the relative
particle number expectation and the entanglement for different initial states
is presented in detail.Comment: 15 pages, 8 eps figures, accepted in J. Phys.
Constellations of identity: place-ma(r)king beyond heritage
This paper will critically consider the different ways in which history and belonging have been treated in artworks situated in the Citadel development in Ayr on the West coast of Scotland. It will focus upon one artwork, Constellation by Stephen Hurrel, as an alternative to the more conventional landscapes of heritage which are adjacent, to examine the relationship between personal history and place history and argue the primacy of participatory process in the creation of place and any artwork therein. Through his artwork, Hurrel has attempted to adopt a material process through which place can be created performatively but, in part due to its non-representational form, proves problematic, aesthetically and longitudinally, in wholly engaging the community. The paper will suggest that through variants of ‘new genre public art’ such as this, personal and place histories can be actively re-created through the redevelopment of contemporary urban landscapes but also highlight the complexities and indeterminacies involved in the relationship between artwork, people and place
American Society of Clinical Oncology/College ofAmerican Pathologists guideline recommendations forimmunohistochemical testing of estrogen andprogesterone receptors in breast cancer
Purpose: To develop a guideline to improve theaccuracy of immunohistochemical (IHC) estrogen receptor(ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) testing in breastcancer and the utility of these receptors as predictivemarkers.Methods: The American Society of Clinical Oncologyand the College of American Pathologists convened aninternational Expert Panel that conducted a systematicreview and evaluation of the literature in partnership withCancer Care Ontario and developed recommendations foroptimal IHC ER/PgR testing performance.Results: Up to 20% of current IHC determinations ofER and PgR testing worldwide may be inaccurate (falsenegative or false positive). Most of the issues with testinghave occurred because of variation in preanalyticvariables, thresholds for positivity, and interpretationcriteria.Recommendations: The Panel recommends that ER andPgR status be determined on all invasive breast cancers andbreast cancer recurrences. A testing algorithm that relieson accurate, reproducible assay performance is proposed.Elements to reliably reduce assay variation are specified. It is recommended that ER and PgR assays be consideredpositive if there are at least 1% positive tumor nuclei in the sample on testing in the presence of expected reactivity of internal (normal epithelial elements) and external controls. The absence of benefit from endocrine therapy for women with ER-negative invasive breast cancers has been confirmed in large overviews of randomized clinical trials.(Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010;134:907–922
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Experiences of Receiving a Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Survey of Adults in the United Kingdom
A total of 128 adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders were surveyed concerning the process they went through to obtain their diagnosis and the subsequent support they received. Results suggested that routes to diagnosis were quite heterogeneous and overall levels of satisfaction with the diagnostic process were mixed; 40 % of respondents were ‘very/quite’ dissatisfied, whilst 47 % were ‘very/quite’ satisfied. The extent of delays, number of professionals seen, quality of information given at diagnosis and levels of post-diagnostic support predicted overall satisfaction with the diagnostic process. Important areas and suggestions for improvement were noted for all stages of the diagnostic pathway. Respondents also displayed above average levels of depressed mood and anxiety, with greater support being requested in this area
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