Study of water soluble of crude oil pollution effects on PAHs accumulation in four commercial fish species of the Persian Gulf

One of the compounds of crude oil is Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). This study was conducted in the toxicology laboratory of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Research Center, Bandar Abbas in Spring 2005. Four commercial fishes were exposed to Oppm and 12ppm dosages of crude oil in long-term bioassay examination. After 8 days, exposed fish were freezed and packed seprately and then sent them to IBB (Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics) of Tehran University for determination of PAHs accumulated in their muscle. PAHs measurment was done with GC-FID. In this research, the amount of each compound of PAHs and total PAHs in each dosage was calculated seprately for each species. The result of data analysis shows that the mean accumulation amounts of PAHs (SD± Y. ) in tissues of control Pseudorhombus elevates, Euryglossa orientalis, Siganus javus and S. sutor exposed to Oppm dosage of crude oil were 929.66±251ppb, 1009±-11.7ppb, 1131±-35.0ppb and 487.6±4.0ppb and mean accumulation amounts of PAHs (SDA:i ) in those exposed to 12ppm dosage of crude oil were 3843±13.52ppb, 4272±18.77ppb, 2911±3 5. 5ppb and 2309.6±11.3ppb respectively. According to t-test, we concluded that in all four species the accumulation of crude oil in their muscle tissues between two mentioned dosages were significantit difference (P<0.05). On the other hand, the high amount of PAHs in the control fishes probebly is due to pollution of Persian Gulf

Histological study on ovary of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in the Gulf of Oman

In the present research which was done during the period of July 1997 to June 1998, histological studies on maturation stages of 40 yellowfin tuna specimen (Thunnus albacares) were conducted. It was concluded that the ovaries of this fish had the following characteristics; Germination disk were not present. There were no difference among anterior, posterior and middle parts of maturity stage of ovaries. All observed ovaries were asynchronous. The ovaries had five maturity stages which were as follow: a) Immature b) maturing c) Ripening d) Ripe e) Spent Average dimension of oocyte in different stage are as follow: Immature (40µ); Ripening (<60µ) and Ripe (<120µ)

Effects of NaCl stress on blood glucose and cortisol in common crap (Cyprinus carpio)

In this study, the fluctuation of two parameters of blood glucose and cortisol hormone were investigated in different salinities in Cyprinus carpio. Seven tanks with 100 lit. volume were used and different salinities of 0, 3, 6, 12, 15 and 18 ppm were choosen as treatments. Then, 16 specimen of common carps (each 50-90 g weight) were added to the tanks. In periBds of 12 up to 96 hours, the blood sample was taken from each fish for further measurment of parameters. The results showed that all fishes died at 18 ppm salinity within less than 12 hours. The blood glucose indicated high sensitivity to the higher salinity. In this research, blood glucose had a reange of 13.5 to 321.0 mg/dc.lit and also, cortisol showed a fluctuation from 10 up to 70 µg/dc. lit and its concentration had a direct relationship with increasing the salinity

Study on some hematological factors of Salmo trutta caspius

Regarding to measure some hematological factors of Caspian Salmon (Salmo Trutta caspius), 55 immature and 21 mature individuals were studied. The main results were: Immature Mature - Hemoglobin value (gr/dl) 7.20 9.87 - Hematocrit 34.1 39.2 - Mean No. of red blood cells (per mm3) 934300 1306200 - Mean No. of white blood (per mm3) 8380 6219 - Mean No. of platelets (per mm3) 21180 13159 As the results showed the number of white blood cells and platelets in immature individuals were more than mature specimen. The obtained results of blood indices were as follow: Immature Mature - Mean MCV (FL) 385.4 302.9 - Mean MCH (Pg) 82.0 75.5 - Mean MCHC (%) 21.6 25.6 - Lymphocyte (%) 96.1 69.9 - Neutrophil (%) 3.4 29.4 - Monocyte (%) 0.52 1.14 Notice: Eosinophil and basophil cells weren't observed

Ovulation induced in brood fishes of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix by using LHRH-A hormone and its combination with dopamine antagonists

In this study in order to investigate the effects of LHRH-A and its combination with dopamine antagonist, Metaclopramid (MET), Dopeidon (Dom), 21 females of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix were studied in Shaid Ansari fish rearing and propagation center during June 2001. The results showed that LHRH-A+MET treatment group with 2g+15µmg/kg dose, indicate high response (100%) in brood fishes, and other factors have significant differences (p<0.05) compared to other treatment groups. Also, investigation on the degree-hour of sexual maturity in different treatment groups show that the groups with introduced Dom (in suspension from) as dopamine antagonist combined with LHRH-A, indicated higher degree-hour (288,366 degree-hour) and has significant difference compared to other treatment groups. In addition this study indicates that MET as suitable dopamine antagonist can strengthen LHRH-A for final sexual maturity, also can decrease LHRH-A dose for injection, but Dom has not the mentioned effects in artificial propagation of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and this can be due to applying suspension form of anti dopamine in hormone solution of this research

Morphometric study on Sepia pharaonis in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea

The pharaoh cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis) is the most aboundant species in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. The stock patterns of this species were studied concerning biological and morphological aspects. In addition to measuring the biological patterns, 20 quantitative factors were measured. The results of LSD test showed that tentacle organ is indicative factor which shows significant difference between male and female specimen of Bushehr and Balouchestan regions. Regarding to length and weight frequencies data the results indicated that males are always bigger than females and also, the cuttlefishes of the Gulf of Oman are bigger than Persian Gulf samples. The results of cluster analysis for both sexes showed that the cuttlefishes of both studied region belong to separate stocks. Taking into consideration the findings of present study including: (1) difference in spawning season, (2) results of dendrograms, (3) observed significant differences in one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for morphometric measurements, (4) differences in body length and weight, (5) as well as ecological variations of the Persian Gulf and "the pharaoh cuttlefishes of Bushehr and Oman Sea, have indicated that Balouchestan belong to two separate stocks

Osmoregulatory capabilities of zander (Sander lucioperca) fingerlings in different salinities of the Caspian Sea

Osmoregulation capabilities of two size groups (1 and 2g) of zander, Sander lucioperca, fingerlings were investigated survival rate, plasma osmolarity, sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-) ion concentrations and cortisol level within 0, 6, 24, 72 and 240 h after abrupt transfer from freshwater to 7 and 12‰ salinity. Also, some hematological parameters were measured at 240h. The plasma osmolarity and ion concentrations (Na+, Cl-) increased immediately after the transference to 7 and 12‰ salinity, reaching maximum at 72h in 1g and at 24 h in 2g fingerlings, and significantly decreased at 240 h, while the freshwater control group maintained almost constant during 10 days which showed lower than the salinity groups. The pattern of cortisol level changes was similar in two size groups after exposure to different salinities and it reflected stress of handling. There were no significant differences between hematological values of two salinity treatment groups than the freshwater control at 240h. The result showed, not only 2g zander fingerlings acted better than 1g in faced with salinity but also the fingerlings weighing 1g could survived and tolerate Caspian Sea water salinity up to 12‰. It is suggested that the release of zander weighing from 1g would help to restocking management of this species in the southern Caspian Sea

Determination of the spawning time and changes in the reproduction cycle of ribbon fish, Trichiurus lepturus, according to the hepatosomatic index and gonadosomatic index

The ribbon fishes, belonging to the family Trichiuridae, are one of the most important protein resources in the Indian Ocean. A considerable density of the dominant species of this family, Trichiurus lepturus has been observed in the Oman Sea. During the conducted cruises in the northern part of the Oman Sea, gonadosomatic index (GSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) were estimated according to the size of the female groups of Trichiurus lepturus. GSI increases significantly from September to next April (P <0.05). polymodal egg size frequency revealed prolong spawning time by the females. The HSI fluctuations are good indications for this type of reproductive behavior