53 research outputs found
An economic way of reducing health, environmental, and other pressures of urban traffic: a decision analysis on trip aggregation
BACKGROUND: Traffic congestion is rapidly becoming the most important obstacle to urban development. In addition, traffic creates major health, environmental, and economical problems. Nonetheless, automobiles are crucial for the functions of the modern society. Most proposals for sustainable traffic solutions face major political opposition, economical consequences, or technical problems. METHODS: We performed a decision analysis in a poorly studied area, trip aggregation, and studied decisions from the perspective of two different stakeholders, the passenger and society. We modelled the impact and potential of composite traffic, a hypothetical large-scale demand-responsive public transport system for the Helsinki metropolitan area, where a centralised system would collect the information on all trip demands online, would merge the trips with the same origin and destination into public vehicles with eight or four seats, and then would transmit the trip instructions to the passengers' mobile phones. RESULTS: We show here that in an urban area with one million inhabitants, trip aggregation could reduce the health, environmental, and other detrimental impacts of car traffic typically by 50–70%, and if implemented could attract about half of the car passengers, and within a broad operational range would require no public subsidies. CONCLUSION: Composite traffic provides new degrees of freedom in urban decision-making in identifying novel solutions to the problems of urban traffic
Risk factors associated with mortality from pneumonia among patients with pneumoconiosis
Insulin regulates liver glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase activity reciprocally in rhesus monkeys
Lack of defect in insulin action on hepatic glycogen synthase and phosphorylase in insulin-resistant monkeys
D-CHIRO-INOSITOL FOUND IN MOMORDICA CHARANTIA FRUIT EXTRACT PLAYS A ROLE IN REDUCING BLOOD GLUCOSE IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-DIABETIC RATS
Protection scheme for power transmission lines based on SVM and ANN considering the presence of non‐linear loads
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