17,128 research outputs found
A bilayer Double Semion Model with Symmetry-Enriched Topological Order
We construct a new model of two-dimensional quantum spin systems that
combines intrinsic topo- logical orders and a global symmetry called flavour
symmetry. It is referred as the bilayer Doubled Semion model (bDS) and is an
instance of symmetry-enriched topological order. A honeycomb bi- layer lattice
is introduced to combine a Double Semion Topolgical Order with a global
spin-flavour symmetry to get the fractionalization of its quasiparticles. The
bDS model exhibits non-trival braid- ing self-statistics of excitations and its
dual model constitutes a Symmetry-Protected Topological Order with novel edge
states. This dual model gives rise to a bilayer Non-Trivial Paramagnet that is
invariant under the flavour symmetry and the well-known spin flip symmetry.Comment: revtex4 file, color figure
Latitudinal variation of the solar photospheric intensity
We have examined images from the Precision Solar Photometric Telescope (PSPT)
at the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory (MLSO) in search of latitudinal variation in
the solar photospheric intensity. Along with the expected brightening of the
solar activity belts, we have found a weak enhancement of the mean continuum
intensity at polar latitudes (continuum intensity enhancement
corresponding to a brightness temperature enhancement of ).
This appears to be thermal in origin and not due to a polar accumulation of
weak magnetic elements, with both the continuum and CaIIK intensity
distributions shifted towards higher values with little change in shape from
their mid-latitude distributions. Since the enhancement is of low spatial
frequency and of very small amplitude it is difficult to separate from
systematic instrumental and processing errors. We provide a thorough discussion
of these and conclude that the measurement captures real solar latitudinal
intensity variations.Comment: 24 pages, 8 figs, accepted in Ap
Dislocation subgrain structures and modeling the plastic hardening of metallic single crystals
A single crystal plasticity theory for insertion into finite element simulation is formulated using sequential laminates to model subgrain dislocation structures. It is known that local models do not adequately account for latent hardening, as latent hardening is not only a material property, but a nonlocal property (e.g. grain size and shape). The addition of the nonlocal energy from the formation of subgrain structure dislocation walls and the boundary layer misfits provide both latent and self-hardening of a crystal slip. Latent hardening occurs as the formation of new dislocation walls limits motion of new mobile dislocations, thus hardening future slip systems. Self-hardening is accomplished by an evolution of the subgrain structure length scale. The substructure length scale is computed by minimizing the nonlocal energy. The minimization of the nonlocal energy is a competition between the dislocation wall energy and the boundary layer energies. The nonlocal terms are also directly minimized within the subgrain model as they affect deformation response. The geometrical relationship between the dislocation walls and slip planes affecting the dislocation mean free path is taken into account, giving a first-order approximation to shape effects. A coplanar slip model is developed due to requirements while modeling the subgrain structure. This subgrain structure plasticity model is noteworthy as all material parameters are experimentally determined rather than fit. The model also has an inherit path dependence due to the formation of the subgrain structures. Validation is accomplished by comparison with single crystal tension test results
Locating the critical end point using the linear sigma model coupled to quarks
We use the linear sigma model coupled to quarks to compute the effective
potential beyond the mean field approximation, including the contribution of
the ring diagrams at finite temperature and baryon density. We determine the
model couplings and use them to study the phase diagram in the baryon chemical
potential-temperature plane and to locate the Critical End Point.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, conference paper from ISMD 201
Rotational properties of the binary and non-binary populations in the Trans-Neptunian belt
We present results for the short-term variability of Binary Trans-Neptunian
Objects (BTNOs). We performed CCD photometric observations using the 3.58 m
Telescopio Nazionale Galileo, the 1.5 m Sierra Nevada Observatory telescope,
and the 1.23 m Centro Astronomico Hispano Aleman telescope at Calar Alto
Observatory. We present results based on five years of observations and report
the short-term variability of six BTNOs. Our sample contains three classical
objects: 2003MW12, or Varda, 2004SB60, or Salacia, and 2002 VT130; one detached
disk object: 2007UK126; and two resonant objects: 2007TY430 and 2000EB173, or
Huya. For each target, possible rotational periods and/or photometric
amplitudes are reported. We also derived some physical properties from their
lightcurves, such as density, primary and secondary sizes, and albedo. We
compiled and analyzed a vast lightcurve database for Trans-Neptunian Objects
(TNOs) including centaurs to determine the lightcurve amplitude and spin
frequency distributions for the binary and non-binary populations. The mean
rotational periods, from the Maxwellian fits to the frequency distributions,
are 8.63+/-0.52 h for the entire sample, 8.37+/-0.58 h for the sample without
the binary population, and 10.11+/-1.19 h for the binary population alone.
Because the centaurs are collisionally more evolved, their rotational periods
might not be so primordial. We computed a mean rotational period, from the
Maxwellian fit, of 8.86+/-0.58 h for the sample without the centaur population,
and of 8.64+/-0.67 h considering a sample without the binary and the centaur
populations. According to this analysis, regular TNOs spin faster than
binaries, which is compatible with the tidal interaction of the binaries.
Finally, we examined possible formation models for several systems studied in
this work and by our team in previous papers.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (June 26th,
2014); minor changes with published version; 21 pages, 17 figures, 7 table
Laser balancing system for high material removal rates
A laser technique to remove material in excess of 10 mg/sec from a spinning rotor is described. This material removal rate is 20 times greater than previously reported for a surface speed of 30 m/sec. Material removal enhancement was achieved by steering a focused laser beam with moving optics to increase the time of laser energy interaction with a particular location on the circumferential surface of a spinning rotor. A neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) pulse laser was used in this work to evaluate material removal for carbon steel, 347 stainless steel, Inconal 718, and titanium 6-4. This technique is applicable to dynamic laser balancing
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