Nutrición de la planta y calidad de fruto de pimiento asociado con micorriza arbuscular en invernadero

The symbiotic activity that mycorrhizal fungi present may constitute a major biotechnological component to increase horticultural productivity. Among the benefits of the AMF-host plant symbiosis, is growth promotion and greater mineral nutrition of the plant. The horticultural production in greenhouse has had an increasing expansion in Mexico, because it has advantages, not only in consumer demand but by the high productivity generated. However, there are multiple factors that proceed from different agricultural practices that express in quality of production. Nutrition and fruit quality of pepper (cv. 'Valeria') was evaluated, by effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Rhizofagus intraradices, in greenhouse. The crop was handled with a fertigation system and HMA inoculation was in transplantation. The inoculated plants showed an increase in chlorophyll index, leaf contents of N, P, Fe and Zn, and mycorrhizal colonization, compared with non-inoculated plants. Also showed differences in fruit quality; by size, the fruits from non-inoculated plants reached grade 2, while the AMF reached level 1, with a weight gain of 30%. Inoculation with the AMF represents a biotech management that can be added within the horticultural production practices in greenhouse.La actividad simbiótica que presentan los hongos formadores de micorrizas puede constituir un componente biotecnológico importante para el incremento de la productividad hortícola. Dentro de los beneficios que aporta la simbiosis HMA-planta hospedante, se encuentra la promoción del crecimiento y mayor nutrición mineral de la planta. La producción hortícola en invernadero ha tenido una creciente expansión en México, debido a que tiene ventajas no solo en las demandas de los consumidores, sino por la alta productividad generada. No obstante, son múltiples los factores que procedidos de diferentes prácticas agronómicas del cultivo se manifiestan en la calidad de la producción. Por lo que se evaluó la nutrición y la calidad de fruto de pimiento (cv. 'Valeria'), por efecto de la inoculación con el hongo micorrízico arbuscular (HMA) Rhizofagus intraradices, en invernadero. El cultivo fue manejado con sistema de fertiriego y la inoculación del HMA fue en el trasplante. Las plantas inoculadas mostraron incrementos en índice de clorofila, contenidos foliares de N, P, Fe y Zn, y colonización micorrízica, comparados con plantas no inoculadas. También se manifestaron diferencias en la calidad de fruto. Por tamaño, los frutos de plantas no inoculadas alcanzaron el grado 2, mientras que con el HMA alcanzaron el grado 1, con un incremento de peso de 30%. La inoculación con el HMA representa un manejo biotecnológico que puede ser adicionado dentro de las prácticas de producción hortícola en invernadero

Evaluation of three varieties of Buffel grass, in the North of Tamaulipas

Objective: To evaluate the vegetative, reproductive, production, and forage quality characteristics of three Buffel grass varieties from northern Tamaulipas. Design/Methodology/Approach: A pot trial was established under open field conditions, at CERIB-CIRNE-INIFAP in Río Bravo, Tamaulipas, on 04/15/2016 and 03/10/2017; the experiment was carried out with a completely randomized design, with 30 replications per material. The morphological, reproductive, production, and chemical composition characteristics of the Milenio, Regio, and Titán Buffel grass varieties forage were evaluated. Results: The year accounted for 62.3% of the variation in the stem and leaf characteristics. The genotype contributed 35.4% and G*Y interaction, less than 2%. Regarding the reproductive variables, the genotype accounted for 62% of the results, the G*Y interaction, 25%, and the year, 13%. The genotype and the year accounted for 44% and 47% of the variance in forage production and quality, respectively. The G*Y interaction had no statistical effect. Limitations/Implications: The evaluation was carried out under pot conditions, which implies that the roots of the plants have limited growth and that the expression of some of the characteristics of the material may be restricted. Findings/Conclusions: The major differences between the three varieties were found in their morphological characteristics: duration of the flowering stage, reproductive stems proportion, panicle length, exertion of the panicle from the main stem, number of florets per panicle, and seed weight