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    Optimization of agricultural production on family farms in Toplicki district

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    Π‘Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜Π½ΠΈ СкстСрни ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈ Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡšΠΈΡ… 10-20 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»ΠΈ су ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡ˜Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π΄Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° газдинства. ΠŸΠΎΡ™ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡšΠ° сС Ρƒ Π’ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³Ρƒ одвија ΡƒΠ³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ситним ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΌ газдинствима која сС ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡˆΡƒ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°, нСдостатком Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Π΅ снагС ΠΈ Ρ„ΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΈΡ… срСдстава. Π£ Π’ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³Ρƒ који ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡˆΡ‚ΠΈΠ½Π΅ (ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΏΡ™Π΅, Π‘Π»Π°Ρ†Π΅, Π–ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ’Π° ΠΈ ΠšΡƒΡ€ΡˆΡƒΠΌΠ»ΠΈΡ˜Π°) ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ˜ΠΈ 16.312 газдинства ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΡ˜ΠΈΡ… су 99% са ΡƒΡΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΡšΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ™ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡšΡƒ, Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΡ™ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ са Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΌ линијама Ρƒ структури ΡšΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡšΠ΅. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ˜Π°ΡšΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±Π΅ Π·Π° сталним ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ΠΌ постигнутих Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚Π° Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΡ™ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΡ˜ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡšΠΈ послСдица јС, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’Ρƒ осталог, њСнС зависност ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… области. Π¨ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ›ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΡ…, Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅ΡšΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΎ прСдставља ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ™Π½Ρƒ околност, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ доприноси слоТСности ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ којим сС Π½Π°Π»Π°Π·ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡšΠ΅. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° су ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° газдинства усмСрСна Π½Π° ратарску, повртарску, сточарску ΠΈ воћарску ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡšΡƒ Ρ‚Ρ˜. ΡšΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° структура. Ова усмСрСност одсликава стварно ΡΡ‚Π°ΡšΠ΅ Ρƒ Π’ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³Ρƒ Π³Π΄Π΅ су ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ™ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ газдинства Π·Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡšΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ структуром ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π²Π°ΠΌΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… линија ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°, Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ структуром ΠΎΠ½Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ којом сС постиТС СкстрСмна врСдност Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ˜ΡƒΠΌΠ° оптималности.Numerous external and internal factors in the last 10-20 years have contributed to alter the environment in which family farms operate. Agricultural production in Toplica district take place mainly on small family farms, which are characterized by low capacity, lack of manpower and financial resources. Toplica district includes four municipalities: Prokuplje, Blace, Kursumlija Ε½itoraΔ‘a. There are 16,312 households. Agricultural production occurs in 99% of them, understandably with different lines in the structure of their production. The need for constant review of the results achieved in agricultural production is a result of, among other things, its dependence on the progress of other scientific fields. A wide variety of possible technical, technological and organizational solutions, as far as a favorable circumstance, and so contributes to the complexity of the problems facing a production organizer. The subjects of research are family farms focused on crop, vegetable, livestock and fruit production, i.e. their production structure. This focus reflects the actual situation in Toplica district where the natural factors households opted for one of the above production. Production structure considers combination of production lines and production factors, and optimal production structure considers combination which provides extreme value of given function optimality criterion

    EFFECT OF INCREASING THE PROFITABILITY OF PRODUCTION CAPACITY IN THE BEEKEEPING

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    Developed beekeeping is an important component of modern agriculture, both for the production of honey, pollen, royal jelly, propolis, beeswax and bee venom, and the pollination of plants and increase yield. Engaging bees as pollinators is increasing the quality and quantity of obtained fruits. Spontaneous and cultivated flowering plants are an irreplaceable source of natural food for honeybees, and one can reasonably talk about the perfect symbiosis of flowering plants and bees. This paper presents a natural economic and organizational conditions of production of bee products, as well as economic and agro economic signifcance. The purpose of the analysis is to identify and show the costs incurred, their value and structure during the period when the equipment is modern, and this is a period of 20 years. This work includes the analysis of the results of production, achieved yields and production volume, production value and the actual fgures, and derived indicators of business success: effciency and proftability, and payback period. All the analysis has been done to a capacity of 100, 200 and 300 beehives
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