1,233 research outputs found
Quantifying Electrophoretic Deposition of Nanocrystal Superlattices Using Quartz Crystal Microbalance
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SAFE Acoustics: an open-source, real-time eco-acoustic monitoring network in the tropical rainforests of Borneo
1. Automated monitoring approaches offer an avenue to unlocking largeāscale insight into how ecosystems respond to human pressures. However, since data collection and data analyses are often treated independently, there are currently no openāsource examples of endātoāend, realātime ecological monitoring networks. 2. Here, we present the complete implementation of an autonomous acoustic monitoring network deployed in the tropical rainforests of Borneo. Realātime audio is uploaded remotely from the field, indexed by a central database, and delivered via an API to a publicāfacing website. 3. We provide the openāsource code and design of our monitoring devices, the central web2py database, and the ReactJS website. Furthermore, we demonstrate an extension of this infrastructure to deliver realātime analyses of the ecoāacoustic data. 4. By detailing a fully functional, open source, and extensively tested design, our work will accelerate the rate at which fully autonomous monitoring networks mature from technological curiosities, and towards genuinely impactful tools in ecology
Application of Hamamatsu MPPC to T2K Neutrino Detectors
A special type of Hamamatsu MPPC, with a sensitive area of 1.3x1.3mm^2
containing 667 pixels with 50x50um^2 each, has been developed for the near
neutrino detector in the T2K long baseline neutrino experiment. About 60 000
MPPCs will be used in total to read out the plastic scintillator detectors with
wavelength shifting fibers. We report on the basic performance of MPPCs
produced for T2K.Comment: Contribution to the proceedings of NDIP 2008, Aix-les-Bains, France,
June 15-20, 200
Performance of Multi-Pixel Photon Counters for the T2K near detectors
We have developed a Multi-Pixel Photon Counter (MPPC) for the neutrino
detectors of T2K experiment. About 64,000 MPPCs have been produced and tested
in about a year. In order to characterize a large number of MPPCs, we have
developed a system that simultaneously measures 64 MPPCs with various bias
voltage and temperature. The performance of MPPCs are found to satisfy the
requirement of T2K experiment. In this paper, we present the performance of
17,686 MPPCs measured at Kyoto University.Comment: 15 pages, 14 figure
Anisotropic States of Two-Dimensional Electron Systems in High Landau Levels: Effect of an In-Plane Magnetic Field
We report the observation of an acute sensitivity of the anisotropic
longitudinal resistivity of two-dimensional electron systems in half-filled
high Landau levels to the magnitude and orientation of an in-plane magnetic
field. In the third and higher Landau levels, at filling fractions nu=9/2,
11/2, etc., the in-plane field can lead to a striking interchange of the "hard"
and "easy" transport directions. In the second Landau level the normally
isotropic resistivity and the weak nu=5/2 quantized Hall state are destroyed by
a large in-plane field and the transport becomes highly anisotropic.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, minor errors correcte
Presencia de diferentes virus del pimiento ( Capsicum annuum L.) en especies de malezas asociadas al cultivo
In a two growth-cycle survey, 30 annual and 13 perennial weed species
were determined in different sweet pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.)
growing areas of the Limari and Elqui valleys of Coquimbo Region of
Chile (29\ub0 to 30\ub0 S lat). The samples were randomly taken in
and outside tomato fields, with and without crops present, in winter
and spring. A total of 676 weed plants were collected, with a total of
379 samples being analyzed. DAS-ELISA was used to test the presence of
Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Alfalfa
mosaic virus (AMV), Potato virus Y (PVY) and Impatients necrotic spot
virus (INSV). A 17% (64) of all collected samples were positive to at
least one virus, of which 7.4% (28) came from symptomatic weeds and
9.4% (36) were from symptomless hosts. Jimsonweed (Datura spp.) was
positive to CMV and PVY; apple-of-Peru ( Nicandra physalodes ) to
AMV, CMV and PVY; black nightshade ( Solanum nigrum ) to CMV and PVY;
sowthistle (Sonchus spp.) to AMV and TSWV; small-flower galinsoga (
Galinsoga parviflora ) to AMV, CMV, TSWV and INSV; common
lambsquarters (Chenopodium spp.) to AMV, CMV, TSWV, PVY and INSV, among
the principle species. Using a relative potential infection index
(IPIR), weeds having highest values were small-flower galinsoga (74.7),
apple-of-Peru (11.2), black nightshade (6.3) and lambsquarters (6.0).
Species such as sowthistle, jimsonweed, bristly mallow ( Modiola
caroliniana ), chickweed ( Stellaria media ) and pigweed (Amaranthus
spp.) had indexes lower than 1.0. Small-flower galinsoga and
apple-of-Peru had more than one virus, and these multiple virus
infections were prevalent over single infections. It is imperative to
control host weeds within cultivated areas and surroundings to reduce
the incidence and dispersal of the viruses in sweet pepper plants.En prospecciones de malezas realizadas durante dos temporadas
agr\uedcolas, 30 especies anuales y 13 perennes fueron determinadas
en cultivos de pimientos ( Capsicum annuum L.) de los Valles de Elqui
y Limar\ued, Regi\uf3n de Coquimbo (29\ub0 a 30\ub0 lat. Sur).
Los muestreos fueron aleatorios dentro y fuera de los potreros, con y
sin cultivo presente, en invierno y primavera. Se recolectaron 676
plantas de malezas, analiz\ue1ndose un total de 379 muestras.
Utilizando la prueba DAS-ELISA se determin\uf3 Virus del mosaico del
pepino (CMV), Virus del bronceado del tomate (TSWV), Virus del mosaico
de la alfalfa (AMV), Virus Y de la papa (PVY) y Virus INSV (Impatients
necrotic spot virus). Un 17% (64) de las muestras fueron positivas al
menos a un virus, de las cuales 7,4% (28) provinieron de plantas con
s\uedntomas y 9,4% (36) fueron hospederos asintom\ue1ticos. Chamico
(Datura spp.) hosped\uf3 a CMV y PVY; nicandra (Nicandra physalodes)
a AMV, CMV y PVY; tomatillo ( Solanum nigrum ) a CMV y PVY;
\uf1ilhue (Sonchus spp.) a AMV y TSWV; pacoyuyo ( Galinsoga
parviflora ) a AMV, CMV, TSWV y INSV; quing\ufcilla (Chenopodium
spp.) a AMV, CMV, TSWV, PVY e INSV, entre las principales. Usando un
\uedndice potencial de infecci\uf3n relativa (IPIR), los mayores
valores se obtuvieron con pacoyuyo (74,7), nicandra (11,2), tomatillo
(6,3) y quing\ufcilla (6,0). Especies como \uf1ilhue, chamico,
pila-pila ( Modiola caroliniana ), quilloi-quilloi ( Stellaria media
) y bledo (Amaranthus spp.), tuvieron \uedndices inferiores a 1,0.
Nicandra y pacoyuyo portaron m\ue1s de un virus y estas infecciones
m\ufaltiples prevalecieron sobre las simples. Controlar malezas
portadoras tanto dentro como en las inmediaciones de los potreros,
resulta imperioso para poder minimizar la incidencia y dispersi\uf3n
de las enfermedades virales en pimientos
Orientation of the Stripe Formed by the Two-Dimensional Electrons in Higher Landau Levels
Effect of periodic potential on the stripe phase realized in the higher
Landau levels is investigated by the Hartree-Fock approximation. The period of
the potential is chosen to be two to six times of the fundamental period of the
stripe phase. It is found that the stripe aligns perpendicularly to the
external potential in contrast to a naive expectation and hydrodynamic theory.
Charge modulation towards the Wigner crystallization along the stripe is
essential for the present unexpected new result.Comment: 5 pages, RevTex, two figures included in the tex
Changes in electric-field noise due to thermal transformation of a surface ion trap
We aim to illuminate how the microscopic properties of a metal surface map to
its electric-field noise characteristics. In our system, prolonged heat
treatments of a metal film can induce a rise in the magnitude of the
electric-field noise generated by the surface of that film. We refer to this
heat-induced rise in noise magnitude as a thermal transformation. The
underlying physics of this thermal transformation process is explored through a
series of heating, milling, and electron treatments performed on a single
surface ion trap. Between these treatments, Ca ions trapped 70
m above the surface of the metal are used as detectors to monitor the
electric-field noise at frequencies close to 1 MHz. An Auger spectrometer is
used to track changes in the composition of the contaminated metal surface.
With these tools we investigate contaminant deposition, chemical reactions, and
atomic restructuring as possible drivers of thermal transformations. The data
suggest that the observed thermal transformations can be explained by atomic
restructuring at the trap surface. We hypothesize that a rise in local atomic
order increases surface electric-field noise in this system
Density Induced Interchange of Anisotropy Axes at Half-Filled High Landau Levels
We observe density induced 90 rotations of the anisotropy axes in
transport measurements at half-filled high Landau levels in the two dimensional
electron system, where stripe states are proposed (=9/2, 11/2, etc). Using
a field effect transistor, we find the transition density to be
cm at =9/2. Hysteresis is observed in the
vicinity of the transition. We construct a phase boundary in the filling
factor-magnetic field plane in the regime . An in-plane magnetic
field applied along either anisotropy axis always stabilizes the low density
orientation of the stripes.Comment: 1 revtex file, 3 eps figure
Tolerancia del Tomate (Lycopersicon EsculentumMill.) a Aplicaciones Post Trasplante del Herbicida Halosulfuron-metil
During the 1998/99 season at La Platina Research Regional Center of the
National Agricultural Research Institute (INIA) (33\ub034' S lat,
70\ub038' W long, altitude 625 m.o.s.l.), on a loamy-clay soil, field
trials were conducted to determine crop tolerance of tomatoes
(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) of the industrial cultivars H-993,
P-76, APT-127, APT-410, and fresh consumption cultivars Cal Ace, and
XPH-12221, to post transplant applications of halosulfuron-methyl
(Sempra\uae 75 WG) at the recommended rate 75 g ha-1 and at an
overdose of 150 and 300 g ha-1. At all of the doses halosulfuron-methyl
did not produce any significant adverse effects on the foliage. The
greatest levels of foliar discoloration were observed on cv. P-76 at
300 g ha-1 seven days after treatment (DDA). This phytotoxicity was
temporary, restricted to 7-15 DDA, disappearing almost completely at 21
DDA. There was no reduction in plant height and width to 30 DDA, except
the width of cv. P-76 treated at 300 g ha-1. Single plant and total
tomato yield of the varieties Cal Ace, XPH-12221, H-993, APT-127 y
APT-410 were not affected by any herbicide applications of
halosulfuron-methyl. No dose produced adverse effects on the polar and
equatorial fruit diameter. The industrial hybrid P-76 had a significant
reduction in total fruit yield and number of fruit per plant at 150 and
300 g ha-1, but not at 75 g ha-1. Tomato plants were tolerant to early
post transplant applications at the normal recommended rate of
halosulfuron-methyl.Durante la temporada 1998/99 en el Centro Regional de
Investigaci\uf3n La Platina del Instituto de Investigaciones
Agropecuarias (INIA) (33\ub034' lat. Sur, 70\ub038' long. Oeste,
625 m.s.n.m.), en un suelo franco-arcilloso, se realizaron ensayos para
determinar la tolerancia de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) de
los cultivares industriales H-993, P-76, APT-127, APT-410 y cultivares
de consumo fresco Cal Ace y XPH-12221 a aplicaciones de post trasplante
de halosulfur\uf3n-metil (Sempra 75 WG) en la dosis recomendada 75 g
ha-1 y en sobredosis de 150 y 300 g ha-1. En todas las dosis
halosulfur\uf3n-metil no produjo s\uedntomas adversos importantes
sobre el follaje. Los mayores niveles de decoloraci\uf3n foliar se
observaron en la sobredosis 300 g ha-1 en el cv. P-76 siete d\uedas
despu\ue9s de la aplicaci\uf3n (DDA). Esta fitotoxicidad fue
temporal, restringida a 7-15 DDA, desapareciendo casi completamente 21
DDA. No hubo reducciones en alto y ancho de las plantas 30 DDA, a
excepci\uf3n del ancho del cv. P-76 a 300 g ha-1. 0El rendimiento
individual y total de frutos en los cvs. Cal Ace, XPH-12221, H-993,
APT-127 y APT-410 no fueron afectados por las aplicaciones de
halosulfur\uf3n-metil. Ninguna dosis produjo efectos adversos en el
di\ue1metro ecuatorial y polar de los frutos. El h\uedbrido
industrial P-76 tuvo una baja significativa en rendimiento y
n\ufamero de frutos planta-1 a 150 y 300 g ha-1, pero no con la dosis
de 75 g ha-1. Las plantas de tomate fueron tolerantes a aplicaciones
tempranas de post trasplante en la dosis m\ue1xima recomendada de
halosulfur\uf3n-metil
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