Genotypic variability of morphological characteristics of English oak (Quercus robur L) acorn

This paper deals with the acorn morphology (length, diameter and mass) analyzed in seventeen English oak genotypes (Quercus robur L)from the English Oak Clonal Seed Orchard Banov Brod (Srem,Vojvodina). The highest values of acorn mass and length were measured in genotype 5. The largest diameters were measured in genotypes 6 and 21. Genotype 35 had the lowest acorn mass, length and diameter. The results from this study should serve as guidelines for the selection of trees yielding fruits possessing the desirable morphological characteristics

Naftenske kiseline - alternativni stimulatori ožiljavanja kod mikroizbojaka bagrema

The study describes the rooting effect of naphthenates and their fractions on in vitro grown Robinia pseudoacacia L. shoots. Natural naphthenic acids have been isolated by alkaline extraction from middle fraction of crude oil type “Velebit” from Vojvodina, characterized and fractionated. Black locust shoot bases were immersed in ACM medium [Ahuja, 1984] without agar supplemented with either 10, 50 or 100 µM of basic naphthenate preparation, naphthenate fractions obtained by extraction at different pHs (pH 2, pH 4, pH 7 and pH 9), or indole3-butyric acid (IBA). Treated shoots have been then grown on hormone-free medium for four weeks. Significant differences among test treatments were recorded during the third and the fourth week of in vitro cultivation. Final evaluation was performed on the basis of rooting percentage after four weeks of cultivation. The highest rooting percentage (>70%) was achieved after the treatment with solution containing 50 µM of IBA. However, treatment with 10 µM of naphthenate preparation achieved also positive effect on rooting (>60%). Average rooting percentage in the control treatment was just 45%. Our results with black locust confirm previous results gained with some other agricultural and forest tree species that naphthenates have the potential to stimulate rooting in shoots and cuttings.Rad opisuje efekat naftenata na ožiljavanje mikroizbojaka bagrema in vitro. Naftenske kiseline su izolovane baznom ekstrakcijom iz srednje frakcije sirove nafte tipa “Velebit”, koja je opisana u ranijim radovima. Donji deo mikroizbojka je uronjen jedan minut u tečni ACM medijum [Ahuja, 1984] u koji je dodato 10, 50 ili 100 µM osnovne mešavine natrijum-naftenata ili njenih pojedinih frakcija dobijenih ekstrakcijom na različitim pH (pH 2, pH 4, pH 7 ili pH 9), odnosno 10, 50, 100 µM ili 1g/l indol-3-buterne kiseline (IBA). Kontrolni tretman je činio ACM medijum bez ispitivanih aktivnih materija. Tretirani mikroizbojci su zatim gajeni na čvrstoj ACM podlozi bez hormona. Značajne razlike među ispitivanim tretmanima su zabeležene tokom treće i četvrte nedelje uzgoja u in vitro uslovima. Konačna ocena je izvedena na osnovu procenta ožiljavanja nakon četiri nedelje uzgoja. Najviši procenat ožiljavanja je postignut rastvorom sa 10 µM natrijum naftenata, nakon čega je ostvaren značajan pozitivan efekat na procenat ožiljavanja (>60%) u odnosu na kontrolni tretman (oko 45%). Rezultati do kojih smo došli kod bagrema potvrđuju ranije rezultate koji su dobijeni kod poljoprivrednih i šumskih drvenastih vrsta o mogućnosti stimulacije ožiljavanja mikroizbojaka i reznica solima naftenskih kiselina

Possibility of afforestation of halomorphic soils in Vojvodina

Pošumljavanje halomorfnih tala u Vojvodini predstavlja poseban problem obzirom na vrlo nisku produktivnost kao posljedicu niza nepovoljnih svojstava toga stanišnog tipa. Niska produktivnost određuje mogućnost, razinu i karakter korištenja toga stanišnog tipa u šumarstvu. U osnovi, pošumljavanje na tome stanišnom tipu predstavlja prostornu infrastrukturnu investiciju u smislu poboljšanja strukture šumskog fonda i porasta ukupnog biološkog potencijala. Osnivanje šumskih nasada u cilju dobivanja drvne mase nema ekonomskog opravdanja. Razlog tome je niska produktivnost, karakteristična mozaičnost, a time i nemogućnost korištenja u šumarstvu, tako da je na ovom stanišnom tipu osnovna funkcija ekološka.The afforestation of halomorphic soils in Vojvodina is a special problem considering the very low productivity, a consequence of a series of unfavourable properties of this site type. Low productivity determines the potential, level and character of this site type utilisation in forestry. The afforestation on this site type is basically a spatial infrasructural investment in the sense of improving the growing stock structure and the increase of the total biological potential. The establishment of forest plantations aimed at obtaining timber is not economically justified. The reasons for this are the low productivity, the characteristic mosaic pattern, and, through this, the inadequacy of using these sites forest exploitation. Accordingly, this site type should mainly have ecological functions

Identification and Perceived Value of Ecosystem Services of Urban Green Areas. Case Study: Kamenički Park in Novi Sad, Serbia

Urban parks, as one of the most significant urban green areas (UGA), bring many direct or indirect benefits, including but not limited to ecosystem services (ES) (Mexia et al. 2018). These services are often generalized, unquantified and poorly supported by empirical evidence and their negative consequences – disservices are rarely mentioned (Roman et al., 2021; Pataki et al., 2011). In order to improve planning, design and management of UGA that can increase their environmental benefits (Xie et al. 2019), better understanding and additional field research of ES and disservices is required. As a result of a survey of employees of the Institute for Nature Conservation of Vojvodina Province that manages the park and on-site users, this study represents a research of the perceived value of generated ES on the example of Kamenički park in Novi Sad, as there are no studies on the actual value of those ES. After identifying major ES, the employees and users evaluated them by their perception on a scale of 1 – the ES is well provided, 2 – service is provided but can be enhanced and 3 – the service is not provided, but has potential. Employees mainly emphasized regulation and supporting services (regulation of air quality, noise reduction, wind protection, maintaining biodiversity), but also cultural services (educational role, recreation and enjoying nature, spiritual peace and prosperity). Users opted mainly for cultural services (recreation and enjoying nature and inspiration for culture, art and design), but also for supporting services like maintaining biodiversity. The specific location, valuable natural and cultural-historical characteristics of Kamenički park contribute to the provision of numerous ES, but also offer the opportunity to develop additional ones that are currently not represented or are not sufficiently provided. The opinions and needs of stakeholders and users regarding ES can be a guideline in planning in accordance with the ES, which is a step to sustainable cities. Quantifying the degree to which various ES are related to plant diversity and structure would provide evidence of the ability to manipulate designed ecosystems to maximize the benefits they provide to urban landscapes (Nighswander et al. 2021)

Possibilities for using agricultural areas for the cultivation of poplars in the hilly and mountainous regions of the Republic of Serbia

Brojni manji ili već vodotoci rijeka i rječica u Republici Srbiji obrasli su fragmentima aluvijalno higrofilnih šuma i predstavljaju potencijal za proširenje šumskog fonda. Problem predstavlja usitnjenost parcela koje su korištene za uzgajanje poljoprivrednih kultura i u privatnom su vlasništvu. Poseban značaj podizanja aluvijalnih-higrofilnih šuma uz ove vodotoke je u povećanju ukupne površine pod šumama u Republici Srbiji, čime se posredno pospješuje održivi razvoj šumskih ekosistema, stabilnost poljoprivredne proizvodnje i zaštita životne sredine. Uz međe okolnih parcela od prirode se javljaju fragmenti nekadašnjih šuma, koji ukazuju na visok stupanj utjecaja antropogenog čimbenika, kao i na činjenicu da je na tim površinama bila autohtona šumska vegetacija. U radu su istraživana svojstva tala od značaja za uzgajanje selektiranih sorti crnih topola u plićaku rijeke Rasine. Izdvojena je pjeskovita i ilovasta forma fluvisola. Izdvojene sistematske jedinice tala su formirane u priobalnom genetičkom dijelu plićaka ove rijeke. Razlika između izdvojenih sistematskih jedinica tla je u sadržaju praha i gline, teksturnoj klasi i sadržaju odnosno tipu akumulacije organske tvari u tlu.Numerous smaller and larger river streams in Serbia are covered by the fragments of alluvial hygrophillous forests presenting a potential for an extension of the forest stock. Along with the private ownership of the land, there is also the problem of land fragmentation due to the use of the land for agriculture. The establishment of alluvial hygrophillous forests along these streams would enlarge the total forest area in the Republic, which would indirectly promote the sustainable development of the forest ecosystems, the stability of agriculture, and the protection of the environment. Along the margins of the surrounding land areas, the fragments of the past forests naturally return. This confirms a high degree of influence of the anthropogenetic factor, and the fact that autochthonous forest vegetation used to cover these areas. A special place in the enlargement of the growing stock of the Republic of Serbia is taken by the selected species of black poplars due to their fast growth, height increment and the multiple purpose of poplar timber. The many years of the research on the numerous factors influencing the production of the poplar wood mass resulted in the conclusion that a successful production requires the following most important steps: choice of species, choice of habitat (particularly soil), and the selection of the suitable technologies for the establishment, growth, and protection of the plantations

Chemical parameters of oxidative stress adaptability in beech

e antioxidant activity, lipid peroxidation, and contents of free proline and soluble proteins were investigated on six-year-old beech plants. Provenance Avala, in Serbia, had the best adaptability to environmental factors on locality Fruska Gora due to low lipid peroxidation, high FRAP value, and free proline and soluble proteins contents. Provenances Scharnstein and Mitterndorf, in Austria, had the best adaptability to environmental factors on locality Debeli Lug due to high FRAP value and free proline and soluble proteins contents. FRAP values in majority of provenances from locality Debeli Lug were higher. Correlations parameters were much higher between provenances in locality Debeli Lug, situated at higher altitude, which is the consequence of better adaption to environmental factors in�uence

Possibilities for using agricultural areas for the cultivation of poplars in the hilly and mountainous regions of the Republic of Serbia

Brojni manji ili već vodotoci rijeka i rječica u Republici Srbiji obrasli su fragmentima aluvijalno higrofilnih šuma i predstavljaju potencijal za proširenje šumskog fonda. Problem predstavlja usitnjenost parcela koje su korištene za uzgajanje poljoprivrednih kultura i u privatnom su vlasništvu. Poseban značaj podizanja aluvijalnih-higrofilnih šuma uz ove vodotoke je u povećanju ukupne površine pod šumama u Republici Srbiji, čime se posredno pospješuje održivi razvoj šumskih ekosistema, stabilnost poljoprivredne proizvodnje i zaštita životne sredine. Uz međe okolnih parcela od prirode se javljaju fragmenti nekadašnjih šuma, koji ukazuju na visok stupanj utjecaja antropogenog čimbenika, kao i na činjenicu da je na tim površinama bila autohtona šumska vegetacija. U radu su istraživana svojstva tala od značaja za uzgajanje selektiranih sorti crnih topola u plićaku rijeke Rasine. Izdvojena je pjeskovita i ilovasta forma fluvisola. Izdvojene sistematske jedinice tala su formirane u priobalnom genetičkom dijelu plićaka ove rijeke. Razlika između izdvojenih sistematskih jedinica tla je u sadržaju praha i gline, teksturnoj klasi i sadržaju odnosno tipu akumulacije organske tvari u tlu.Numerous smaller and larger river streams in Serbia are covered by the fragments of alluvial hygrophillous forests presenting a potential for an extension of the forest stock. Along with the private ownership of the land, there is also the problem of land fragmentation due to the use of the land for agriculture. The establishment of alluvial hygrophillous forests along these streams would enlarge the total forest area in the Republic, which would indirectly promote the sustainable development of the forest ecosystems, the stability of agriculture, and the protection of the environment. Along the margins of the surrounding land areas, the fragments of the past forests naturally return. This confirms a high degree of influence of the anthropogenetic factor, and the fact that autochthonous forest vegetation used to cover these areas. A special place in the enlargement of the growing stock of the Republic of Serbia is taken by the selected species of black poplars due to their fast growth, height increment and the multiple purpose of poplar timber. The many years of the research on the numerous factors influencing the production of the poplar wood mass resulted in the conclusion that a successful production requires the following most important steps: choice of species, choice of habitat (particularly soil), and the selection of the suitable technologies for the establishment, growth, and protection of the plantations