Conceptualization of user activities in the social network in the conditions of distance education

No artigo, as mídias sociais são analisadas através do foco de entender este último como um espaço virtual da mídia, o que reflete indicadores identificados dos usuários como: interesse, desejo, entusiasmo e direção dos processos de integração. A relevância do estudo é determinada pelo desenvolvimento insuficiente e inconsistência dos conceitos e resultados empíricos da pesquisa sobre os processos de diferenciação da comunidade das redes sociais e seu papel nas condições da educação a distância. Foram utilizados os métodos filosóficos, de análise e hermenêutica: interpretação, conceituação, análise comparativa. Como base teórica e metodológica, utilizamos o aparato categórico da filosofia social, matemática, teoria da prática, pragmatismo, epistemologia social. Utilizamos abordagens para extrair a atividade de grupos de usuários em uma rede social de várias camadas: 1) extrair grupos em cada camada separadamente e, em seguida, combinar comunidades em todas as camadas; 2) primeiro transformar a rede social em uma camada e, em seguida, procurar diferentes grupos dentro

Dynamics of Students’ Opinions in the Context of the Transition to Online Learning Based on Social Network Data

The article presents the results of the analysis of users’ sentiment in social networks, performed using big data tools. The research was aimed at developing the methodology, which enables to analyze the content of social networks, assess students’ attitude to the transition to online learning in conditions of COVID-19 pandemic, identify dynamics and main trends in student satisfaction with the quality of educational process. We explored about 2 million posts and comments posted in university social networks (more than 1000 university public pages) for the period from Sept 2020 to July 2021. Special attention was paid to the problems of communication between students and teachers, strategies to solve them, an emotional reaction. PolyAnalyst software was applied for data precleaning. It has been found that the main problem affecting the quality of education is a change in the mechanisms of interaction between students and teachers. Based on student publications in social networks, we have identified the strategies for adapting students to online learning. We came to a conclusion that teachers’ support of students is crucial in preventing and solving social and academic problems in conditions of online learning. One of the ways to improve interaction between students and teachers, raise students’ involvement is using discussion forums, chats in messengers for academic purposes, and providing teachers’ methodical support

Online Education after the Pandemic: Student Problems and Opportunities Research Using Big Data Tools

This paper presents a scientifically based approach to analyzing large volumes of data from digital traces of students on social networks, which allows you to effectively identify emerging and most discussed problems among students, as well as highlight pain points that provide opportunities for growth, development of universities and improvement of the characteristics of the educational process, support for students etc. The study is based on a thematic analysis of messages published in university communities on the VKontakte social network using big data tools. The study results showed that Russian university students still face a number of challenges, including weak technical infrastructure at universities, a digital divide in access to online education, and negative attitudes towards distance learning.The scientific problem of the study is the contradiction between the existing volume of unstructured data of students’ digital traces in social networks and the lack of a scientifically-based and proven methodological approach to the analysis and evaluation of this voluminous data, which creates obstacles to fundamental research into the relationship between students’ activity in social networks and their satisfaction quality of the educational process. The practical focus is determined in conducting data analysis using big data tools. The findings and evidence-based implications are useful for developing innovative strategies and tools for assessing and supporting students.The results show that the use of big data tools for tracking trends based on digital traces of students on social networks provides highly accurate analytical data and can become the basis for identifying problematic situations in individual universities and the industry as a whole, for data-driven decision-making and management

Digital footprint in predicting school graduates’ educational strategy

This research article aims at evaluating the results of the school graduates’ educational strategy transformation with the help of digital footprint data. The analysis of official and unofficial Internet communities of universities in the social network «VKontakte» shows that their active users are school graduates, who thus receive the necessary information about the university. The method presented can become a promising tool to forecast the demand for higher education. The study covers the period from 2019 to 2021, a total of 502 thousand user profiles having been identified, 246 thousand accounts included in the final sample. The results show that during the analyzed period the number of user subscriptions to university communities has decreased in all Russian regions. The orientation towards universities located in other regions has also changed: these were more popular before the pandemic, being subscribed to by the majority of students, whereas after the spread of COVID-19, most of the graduates began to choose universities located in their native region. A significant limitation of this method is that a number of profiles are closed, which logically does not allow to use them in further analysis. The results of the study show, however, high validity and wide opportunities for the use of the digital footprint method when predicting young people’s educational trajectory and planning the enrollment campaign, both on the scale of the university and the whole country.В исследовательской статье с использованием данных цифровых следов оцениваются результаты трансформации образовательной стратегии учащихся 11-х классов средней школы. Анализ официальных и неофициальных вузовских интернет-сообществ в социальной сети «ВКонтакте» показал, что их активными пользователями являются выпускники школ, которые таким образом получают необходимую информацию о высшем учебном заведении. Представленный в статье метод использования цифровых следов может стать перспективным инструментом прогнозирования спроса на высшее образование. Проведенное исследование охватило период с 2019 года по 2021 год, всего было идентифицировано 502 тысячи профилей пользователей, в финальную выборку попали 246 тысяч аккаунтов. Результаты показали, что за анализируемый период произошло сокращение числа подписок пользователей на вузовские сообщества. Данный процесс наблюдался во всех российских регионах. Также изменилась ориентация на вузы, расположенные в других регионах. Если до пандемии большинство учащихся подписывалось на сообщества вузов, находящихся в другом регионе, то после нее большая часть выпускников стала выбирать вузы родного региона. Существенным ограничением метода использования цифровых следов является то, что ряд профилей относится к закрытым, и это не позволяет использовать их в дальнейшем анализе. Тем не менее результаты исследования показали высокую валидность и широкие возможности использования метода цифровых следов в предсказании образовательной траектории молодежи и планировании приемной кампании в масштабах как вуза, так и страны в целом

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ДЕГРАДАЦИИ ФОТОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЕЙ НА ОСНОВЕ НАНОГЕТЕРОСТРУКТУР АIIIВV В УСЛОВИЯХ ИОНИЗИРУЮЩЕГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ

Solar radiation is practically inexhaustible and environmentally friendly source of energy. Solar panels are classified as devices very sensitive to radiation. Therefore, the problem of creating radiation− resistant solar panels is quite acute. In operation, solar batteries (SB) are exposed to hard corpuscular radiation (radiation belts, solar and cosmic radiation), resulting in the structure of accumulated violations leading to a gradual deterioration of their electrical characteristics. Conducted experimental studies of single−degradation characteristics of solar cells (SE) based on GaAs with Ge substrate due to the structural damage produced by irradiation with fast neutrons and electrons, step by irradiation with fast neutrons and electrons with different fluence. Before and after each set of neutron fluence and electrons were measured light current−voltage characteristics (CVC) and photosensitivity spectra of the AOC. Determined from the measured CVC following parameters: fault current circuit voltage with a maximum coefficient of performance (COP) (ratio of maximum power to the product of the flux density of solar energy and the cell area), fill factor (the ratio of maximum power to the product of the short−circuit current and voltage idling). Солнечное излучение, является практически неисчерпаемым и экологически чистым источником энергии. Солнечные батареи относятся к категории приборов, чувствительных к облучению. Поэтому проблема создания радиационно−устойчивых солнечных батарей стоит достаточно остро. При эксплуатации солнечные батареи (СБ) подвергаются воздействию жесткого корпускулярного излучения (радиационные пояса Земли, солнечное и космическое излучение), в результате чего в структуре накапливаются нарушения приводящие к постепенному ухудшению их электрических характеристик. Проведены экспериментальные исследования деградации характеристик однокаскадных солнечных элементов на основе GaAs с Ge−подложкой вследствие структурных повреждений, образующихся при пошаговом облучении быстрыми нейтронами и электронами с различным флюенсом. До и после набора каждого флюенса нейтронов и электронов проведены измерения световых вольт−амперных характеристик (ВАХ) и спектров фоточувствительности солнечных элементов. По измеренным ВАХ определены следующие параметры: ток короткого замыкания, напряжение холостого хода, максимальный коэффициент полезного действия (отношение максимальной мощности к произведению плотности потока солнечной энергии и площади элемента), фактор заполнения (отношение максимальной мощности к произведению тока короткого замыкания и напряжения холостого хода).

Improvement of Lyme Borreliosis Agent Indication Methods

On the basis of silica - aluminosilicate, modified by carboxymethylated lignin and carbodiimide, obtained are the composite microgranulated magnetic immunoadsorbents (MIA) with high adsorption activity, which are characterized by the standardized structural characteristics and mechanical strength. Application of MIAs makes it possible, at the stage of tick samples preparation, to eliminate various admixtures via reiterative irrigations of the sorbent with the infectious agent fixed on it. Therefore negative influence of admixtures on the performed analysis is excluded, and the target agent is concentrated to the maximum limit. Thus the specificity and sensitivity of PCR-analysis enhances

Structure of the hDmc1-ssDNA filament reveals the principles of its architecture

In eukaryotes, meiotic recombination is a major source of genetic diversity, but its defects in humans lead to abnormalities such as Down's, Klinefelter's and other syndromes. Human Dmc1 (hDmc1), a RecA/Rad51 homologue, is a recombinase that plays a crucial role in faithful chromosome segregation during meiosis. The initial step of homologous recombination occurs when hDmc1 forms a filament on single-stranded (ss) DNA. However the structure of this presynaptic complex filament for hDmc1 remains unknown. To compare hDmc1-ssDNA complexes to those known for the RecA/Rad51 family we have obtained electron microscopy (EM) structures of hDmc1-ssDNA nucleoprotein filaments using single particle approach. The EM maps were analysed by docking crystal structures of Dmc1, Rad51, RadA, RecA and DNA. To fully characterise hDmc1-DNA complexes we have analysed their organisation in the presence of Ca2+, Mg2+, ATP, AMP-PNP, ssDNA and dsDNA. The 3D EM structures of the hDmc1-ssDNA filaments allowed us to elucidate the principles of their internal architecture. Similar to the RecA/Rad51 family, hDmc1 forms helical filaments on ssDNA in two states: extended (active) and compressed (inactive). However, in contrast to the RecA/Rad51 family, and the recently reported structure of hDmc1-double stranded (ds) DNA nucleoprotein filaments, the extended (active) state of the hDmc1 filament formed on ssDNA has nine protomers per helical turn, instead of the conventional six, resulting in one protomer covering two nucleotides instead of three. The control reconstruction of the hDmc1-dsDNA filament revealed 6.4 protein subunits per helical turn indicating that the filament organisation varies depending on the DNA templates. Our structural analysis has also revealed that the N-terminal domain of hDmc1 accomplishes its important role in complex formation through domain swapping between adjacent protomers, thus providing a mechanistic basis for coordinated action of hDmc1 protomers during meiotic recombination

Morphological characterization of biominerals from five multicellular marine algae species

Silica biominerals are deposited as amorphous solid structures in plant cells and tissues, providing rigidity to different plant parts and assisting in defence. The shape and size of phytoliths are well established and serve as a useful tool in taxonomic analyses. For the first time we extracted and studied silica biominerals of five marine macroalgae, which we observed by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). More than nine different morphotypes of phytoliths ranging from ≥ 10 to ≥ 350 μm in size were found. Some of them were phytoliths made of silica while others showed characteristics of different minerals of calcium. In our study, the “honeycomb” formations were only recorded in Laurencia tropica Yamada and pyramid tabular ones were found only in Tichocarpus crinitus (S.G. Gmelin) Ruprecht. The XRD analysis showed that they consisted of virgilite and gypsum substance, respectively. Silica phytoliths are intrinsic parts of the algae and their morphological characterization can provide the basis for palaeo-reconstruction and taxonomic investigation of brown and red algae in palaeontological studies of fossils where all organic matter has decayed

Modern approaches to diagnosis and treatment of urethral strictures: literature review and own experience

This article presents a literature review of modern methods of diagnosis and treatment for urethral strictures. In addition, the own results of a pilot study on the use of synthetic tissue-engineering structures as a material for urethroplasty substitution are presented as well