SLE の治療経過中にステロイド糖尿病を発症した患者の病気の受けとめ，セルフケアの実施内容と困難及びセルフケアのプロセス

【目的】全身性エリテマトーデス（以下SLEと略す）の治療経過中にステロイド糖尿病を発症した患者の病気の受け止め，セルフケアの実施内容と困難及びセルフケアのプロセスを明らかにし，ステロイド糖尿病患者への看護を検討することである．【方法】1. 研究デザイン　事例研究　2. 対象　SLEの治療経過中にステロイド糖尿病を発症した外来通院中の患者で，研究への協力に同意が得られた者．3. データ収集内容と方法　対象属性，糖尿病とSLEのとらえ，セルフケアの実施内容と困難について，半構成面接を実施した．5. 分析方法　対象の語りから，病気の受けとめ，セルフケアの実施内容，セルフケアの困難に関する箇所を抽出し，質的帰納的に分析した．セルフケアのプロセスについては，抽出されたサブカテゴリーを経時的に整理した．6. 倫理的配慮　獨協医科大学生命倫理審査委員会の生命倫理審査委員会の承認を得た．【結果】対象は，A 氏，50 代，女性，SLE歴36 年．SLE発症34 年目にステロイド糖尿病の診断を受け，インスリン導入となったが，ステロイド剤減量後，血糖値が安定し，発症35年目に経口血糖降下剤に変更した．以下，カテゴリーを【　】で記す．A 氏の語りから，病気の受けとめについて，【病気を受け入れるしかないと諦めている】など7 つ, セルフケアの実施内容について，【SLEの再燃を予防する】，【血糖値が高くならない程度に間食をする】など7 つ，セルフケアの困難について，【SLEの症状による苦痛がある】，【糖尿病のセルフケアに伴う困難がある】など4 つのカテゴリーが抽出された．【考察】看護師は，原病であるSLEによるセルフケアの困難に加え，糖尿病，ステロイド剤の副作用による困難が加わるというセルフケアのプロセスを知り，患者の病気の受けとめ，セルフケアの困難を理解し，SLEと糖尿病に対する包括的なセルフケアへの援助が必要であることが示唆された

Identification and morphological characteristics of dental neonatal line in sika deer (Cervus nippon)

The dental neonatal line of the sika deer (Cervus nippon) was identified experimentally using chronological labeling methods. In the enamel, prominent dark lines were observed under transmitted light, and the number of increments between the dark line and labeling line was almost consistent with the day-age at the time of labeling injection. Therefore, we identified the dark line as the enamel neonatal line. In the dentin, the bright line was observed under polarized light. Since the bright line corresponded to the enamel neonatal line, we recognized the bright line as the dentin neonatal line. Neonatal lines intersected with the enamel-dentin junction at approximately one-third cervical in the first molar. Using these features, it would make possible to distinguish the neonatal line in wild sika deer

Long non-coding RNAs as surrogate indicators for chemical stress responses in human-induced pluripotent stem cells.

In this study, we focused on two biological products as ideal tools for toxicological assessment: long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). lncRNAs are an important class of pervasive non-protein-coding transcripts involved in the molecular mechanisms associated with responses to cellular stresses. hiPSCs possess the capabilities of self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell types, and they are free of the ethical issues associated with human embryonic stem cells. Here, we identified six novel lncRNAs (CDKN2B-AS1, MIR22HG, GABPB1-AS1, FLJ33630, LINC00152, and LINC0541471_v2) that respond to model chemical stresses (cycloheximide, hydrogen peroxide, cadmium, or arsenic) in hiPSCs. Our results indicated that the lncRNAs responded to general and specific chemical stresses. Compared with typical mRNAs such as p53-related mRNAs, the lncRNAs highly and rapidly responded to chemical stresses. We propose that these lncRNAs have the potential to be surrogate indicators of chemical stress responses in hiPSCs

Novel lncRNAs highly and rapidly respond to chemical stresses compared with the responses of p53-related mRNAs in hiPSCs.

<p>hiPSCs were treated with (A) 100 µM cycloheximide or (B) 100 µM hydrogen peroxide. The expression levels of the indicated RNAs were determined at various time points. Quantitative values at 0 h were set to 1. GAPDH mRNA levels were used for normalization. Values represent the mean ± standard error obtained from two independent experiments.</p

Alterations in mRNA and lncRNA expression levels by four chemical stresses in hiPSCs.

<p>Type A genes indicate pluripotency-related genes; Type B genes indicate p53-related genes; Type C genes indicate lncRNAs. hiPSCs were treated with (A) 100 µM cycloheximide, (B) 100 µM hydrogen peroxide, (C) 1 µM cadmium, or (D) 100 nM arsenic for 24 h. Expression levels of the indicated RNAs were determined by RT-qPCR. Quantitative values in response to vehicles alone were set to 1. GAPDH mRNA levels were used for normalization.</p

Alterations in lncRNA expression levels by two chemical stresses at various doses in hiPSCs.

<p>hiPSCs were treated with (A) cycloheximide or (B) hydrogen peroxide for 24 h. Expression levels of the indicated RNAs were determined by RT-qPCR. Quantitative values in response to vehicles alone were set to 1. GAPDH mRNA levels were used for normalization. Values represent the mean ± standard error obtained from two independent experiments.</p