FUTURE MEANING AFTER THE TEMPORAL wnn

معنى المستقبل بعد wnn الزمنية [Ar] تسلط هذه الدراسة الضوء على التركيبة iw.f Hr sDm عندما تتقدمها جملة wnn الزمنية. حيث ان التركيبة iw.f Hr sDm مماثلة لتركيبة القصص iw.f Hr sDm ( النفى (iw.f Hr tm sDm والتى تعطى معنى المستقبل وليس الماضي القصصي كما هو الحال فى معظم النصوص القصصية عندما تتقدمها جملة wnn الزمنية التى تترجم كجملة الشرط وتتكون من عنصرين: جملة الشرط wnn+First Present، وجملة جواب الشرط القصصية iw.f Hr sDm. تناقش الدراسة أراء العلماء المختلفة حول التركيبة iw.f Hr sDm بالإضافة الى الأشكال .wnn/ wn/ xr wnn [En] This paper highlights the narrative iw.f (Hr) sDm when introduced by the temporal clause of wnn. The construction iw.f (Hr) sDm resembles the narrative iw.f Hr sDm (negative iw.f Hr tm-sDm). It refers, in this case, to the future and has nothing to do with narration. The temporal wnn is translated by a conditional system (if) and it consists of two elements; protasis (wnn+ First Present) and an apodosis (the narrative iw.f (Hr) sDm). The study discusses the morphology of the temporal clause introduced by wnn and xr wnn. It sometimes comes after the temporal xr wnn future and not always past as Baer’s opinion. It also discusses the opinion of the scholars related to the construction iw.f (Hr ) sDm

Reference gene selection for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma gene expression studies

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>It is no longer adequate to choose reference genes blindly. We present the first study that defines the suitability of 12 reference genes commonly used in cancer studies (<it>ACT, ALAS, B2M, GAPDH, HMBS, HPRT, KALPHA, RPS18, RPL27, RPS29, SHAD </it>and <it>TBP</it>) for the normalization of quantitative expression data in the field of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Raw expression levels were measured by RT-qPCR in HNSCC and normal matched mucosa of 46 patients. We analyzed the expression stability using geNorm and NormFinder and compared the expression levels between subgroups. In HNSCC and/or normal mucosa, the four best normalization genes were <it>ALAS, GAPDH, RPS18 </it>and <it>SHAD </it>and the most stable combination of two genes was <it>GAPDH-SHAD</it>. We recommend using <it>KALPHA-TBP </it>for the study of T1-T2 tumors, <it>RPL27-SHAD </it>for T3-T4 tumors, <it>KALPHA-SHAD </it>for N0 tumors, and <it>ALAS-TBP </it>for N+ tumors. <it>ACT, B2M, GAPDH, HMBS, HPRT, KALPHA, RPS18, RPS29, SHAD </it>and <it>TBP </it>were slightly misregulated (<1.7-fold) between tumor and normal mucosa but can be used for normalization, depending on the resolution required for the assay.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In the field of HNSCC, this study will guide researchers in selecting the most appropriate reference genes from among 12 potentially suitable reference genes, depending on the specific setting of their experiments.</p

Clinical relevance of nine transcriptional molecular markers for the diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in tissue and saliva rinse

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Analysis of 23 published transcriptome studies allowed us to identify nine genes displaying frequent alterations in HNSCC (<it>FN1, MMP1, PLAU, SPARC</it>, <it>IL1RN, KRT4, KRT13, MAL</it>, and <it>TGM3</it>). We aimed to independently confirm these dysregulations and to identify potential relationships with clinical data for diagnostic, staging and prognostic purposes either at the tissue level or in saliva rinse.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>For a period of two years, we systematically collected tumor tissue, normal matched mucosa and saliva of patients diagnosed with primary untreated HNSCC. Expression levels of the nine genes of interest were measured by RT-qPCR in tumor and healthy matched mucosa from 46 patients. <it>MMP1 </it>expression level was measured by RT-qPCR in the salivary rinse of 51 HNSCC patients and 18 control cases.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Dysregulation of the nine genes was confirmed by the Wilcoxon test. <it>IL1RN, MAL </it>and <it>MMP1 </it>were the most efficient diagnostic markers of HNSCC, with ROC AUC > 0.95 and both sensitivity and specificity above 91%. No clinically relevant correlation was found between gene expression level in tumor and T stage, N stage, tumor grade, global survival or disease-free survival. Our preliminary results suggests that with 100% specificity, <it>MMP1 </it>detection in saliva rinse is potentially useful for non invasive diagnosis of HNSCC of the oral cavity or oropharynx, but technical improvement is needed since sensitivity was only 20%.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p><it>IL1RN, MAL </it>and <it>MMP1 </it>are prospective tumor diagnostic markers for HNSCC. <it>MMP1 </it>overexpression is the most promising marker, and its detection could help identify tumor cells in tissue or saliva.</p

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

خوارزمية لاستخراج أسماء رواة الحديث النبوي آليا اعتمادا على صيغ الإخبار في السند

لمّا كان للحديث النبوي الشريف ولعلم الرواية الأثر الواضح في اللغة العربية؛ آثرنا أن نضع بصمتنا في هذا المجال، فقمنا بعمل تطبيق للتعرّف الآلي على أسماء الرواة عبر الاستعانة باللسانيات الحاسوبية. تكمن أهمية هذا العمل في تسهيله استخراج أسماء الرواة خدمة للدارسين في علم الحديث، كذلك سيُشكل هذا العمل نواة لأعمال لاحقة في التصنيف الآلي للرواة، طبقا للتصانيف المقررة في هذا العل

(التعرف الآلي على الأسماء المهملة و الكنى المستخرجة (أسانيد الحديث نموذجا

لما كان الحديث النبوي الشريف هو مصدر التشريع الثاني عند المسلمين و هو الترجمة العملية للقرآن الكريم, كان لا بد من التحقق من صحة الأحاديث و ضعفها. و قد اعتمد المحدثون و خاصة أهل الجرح و التعديل منهم على التحقق من أحوال رواة اللأحاديث للحكم عليها, و أصلوا أصولا لذلك ذكرها ابن الصلاح في مقدمته (1), و من أهمها معرفة أحوال الرجال او الرواة. و معرفة الرجال منوطة بمعرفة أسمائهم, و بعد عملنا السابق المرتبط (2) باستخراج أسماء الرجال, لاحظنا وجود أسماء مهملة (مثل سفيان من دون تحديد), و كنى (مثل حدثني أبي), بما يضفي الغموض على الراوي , ولا يساعد في معرفة حال. و من هنا كان لزاما لنا من العمل على المساعدة في تحديد و معرفة أسماء الرواة المستخرجين من نصوص الأحاديث النبوية الشريفة, عبر الاستعانة باللسانيات الحاسوبية , و قواعد البيانات الدلالية بهدف اختصار الجهد و الوقت و المال للتعرف على الراوي بعينه و ازالة اللبس و الغموض عنه للمساعدة في الترجمة الآلية له في المراحل التالية ان شاء الله

Papillary carcinoma in a thyroglossal duct remnant: A case report and discussion on management

AbstractObjectiveThyroglossal duct carcinoma is a malignant tumor arising within a thyroglossal remnant. It is a rare entity, seen generally in adults, and characterized by relatively non-aggressive behavior. This case is presented because of its rarity and the presence of cervical lymph node metastasis.Case reportA 37-year-old female patient presented with a slowly and progressively growing mid-line neck mass. Neck ultrasound and computed tomography scanning revealed a mid-line sub-mental pre-hyoid highly enhancing neck mass, bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy, and tiny nodules in both lobes of the thyroid gland. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the neck mass revealed papillary thyroid carcinoma. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy, Sistrunk procedure, bilateral level I–IV neck dissection, and postoperative I131 ablation and hormonal suppression with thyroxine. The patient has been disease free for 1year after the operation.ConclusionComputed tomography scanning and fine-needle aspiration cytology enhance the preoperative diagnosis. Sistrunk procedure is the standard treatment with a clinically and radiologically normal thyroid gland, while the more aggressive treatment is necessary in advanced cases. The concept of prognostic risk groups should be used to identify patients who would need a more aggressive approach. The prognosis is generally excellent with adequate treatment