“I failed because I was Playing Videogames”: An Examination of Undergraduate Males Videogame Addiction and Academic Performance

Many factors affect the academic performance of undergraduate students. Playing videogames among male student’s vis-àvis their academic performance was assessed in this study. This study employed two hundred and fifty male undergraduate students (250) aged between 15 and 23 (M =17.44, SD=1.37), selected from a Nigerian private University. Academic performance was assessed using Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) collapsed into three groups (viz: 1= 1.25 to 3.49, 2 = 3.50 to 4.49 and 3 = 4.50 to 5.00). Pathological playing of videogames was assessed using the Problem Video Game Playing questionnaire (PVP). A statistical significant difference at the p < .05 level was observed F (2, 250) = 5.15, p = .01. The small effect size of 0.04 was obtained using the partial eta squared. A Post-hoc comparison using Tukey HSD test indicated that group 1 differed significantly in their mean scores from group 2 and 3. Further analysis with Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient showed r = -.262, n = 250, p <.000 and r = .261, n = 250, p <.000 for CGPA and self-reported grades respectively. It was concluded that videogame addiction has a significant effect on the academic performance of male undergraduate students

LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF WHEAT PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING SYSTEM

Wheat being the leading source of vegetable protein in the human diets has higher protein content than other major staple grains or cereals like rice or maize; therefore it was necessary to study the environmental impacts associated with its field production and industrial processing using the life cycle assessment tool. The functional unit selected for the study was 1kg of wheat, and emission from various inputs into the system was aggregated into a large inventory table. Four environmental impacts were considered namely; global warming, acidification, eutrophication and ozone layer depletion. It was discovered that global warming has the highest impact score which is closely followed by eutrophication; 4.7153E – 02 kg CO2 equivalent and 3.5907E– 04kg NO3- equivalent respectively, while ozone layer depletion has the lowest environmental impact score of 1.1889E – 07 kg R11 equivalent. High emission of CO2 gas from fossil fuel during field operations and processing of wheat was observed as the reason for the high impact score of global warming

Pattern of distribution of reactive localised hyperplasia of the oral cavity in patients at a tertiary health institution in Nigeria

Background: Reactive localized hyperplastic lesions of the oral cavity (RHLs) are relatively common peripheral lesions which present as a range of clinically similar lesions at dental centers. Diagnosis can be challenging if dentists are unfamiliar with their clinicopathological across various populations.Objective: This study reviews the pattern of distribution of RHLs of the oral mucosa in a hospital- the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife.Materials and methods: We reviewed 10 years data from the archives of the Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria. Information on RHLs were extracted and recorded on standardized data forms and analyzed using STATA.Results: The most common lesions were pyogenic granuloma (43.7%) and focal fibrous hyperplasia (39.7%), respectively. RHLs were found to be more frequent in women (66.7%) than men (33.3%). The most common locations of involvement was the gingivae (84.6%), and lesions were more common in the 9–29 year age group and the mean age was 37.7 (±21.1) years. The relationship between age group and reactive lesions was however not statistically significant.Conclusion:  The major benefit of this study is an improved knowledge of the frequency and distribution of oral reactive le- sions in sub-Saharan Africa which may be highly beneficial when establishing a diagnosis and treatment plan in clinical practice.Keywords: Focal fibrous hyperplasia, oral mucosa, peripheral giant cell granuloma, peripheral ossifying fibroma, pyogenic gran- uloma, reactive hyperplasia

REVALIDATION OF SOME MEASURES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING USING A CROSS-SECTION OF NIGERIAN ADULTS

This study was conducted to establish initial validity and reliability of some measures of psychological wellbeing for use in Nigeria. Two hundred and five adult Nigerians were randomly selected from a community in Ota, Ogun State using a multi stage sampling method which culminated in odd and even number method of simple random sampling for participants’ selection. The participants were aged between 17 and 80 years ( X =29.22, SD=11.93). A battery of the short forms of six psychological wellbeing instruments in a paper was administers, viz: Personal Growth Initiative Scale (PGIS), Gratitude Questionnaire – 6 (GQ-6), Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MILQ), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), and Worry Domain Questionnaire Short Form (WDQ-SF). A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted with adequate measures of Kaiser-Meyer-Okin and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity for each of the instrument and results showed factorial validity of each instrument based on its factor loadings and consistent with literature. A correlation coefficient revealed the Cronbach alpha to be as follows for the instruments: PGIS = .840; GQ- 6 = .316; MILQ = .825; SWLS = .718; LOT-R = .391; WDQ =.815. Each instrument showed initial validity for possible - use in Nigeria

SOME PSYCHOSOCIAL PREDICTORS OF ANGER IN SCHOOL CHILDREN

A cross sectional survey of children in secondary school was conducted to determine the association between family relation and anger in school children. The participants were one hundred and seventeen (117) senior secondary (SS) school 1-3 students drawn from a Government-owned school in Lagos, Nigeria. 34% of the respondents were in SS1, 33% were in SS2, and 33% were in SS3. They ranged between 12-18 years in age (X =15.51, SD = 1.28). The participants included 12-18 years. Family relation was measured using the Index of Family Relations (Hudson, 1992), while the STAS (Spielberger, 1994) was used to measure anger. The result of a hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed a statistically significantly positive association (β = .52, !! change = .27, p<.05) between family relations and anger. Family relation also positively correlated with state anger (β = .48, !! change = .228, p<.05), trait anger (β = .44, !! change = .19, p<.05), and anger temperament (β = .54, !! change = .29, p<.05). Religion correlated significant with trait anger (β = -.18, p<.05). There was a moderate correlation between gender and anger temperament, and a moderate interactive effect of family relation and age on anger temperament. However, family relations did not predict angry reaction in the participants. The findings suggest the role of family relations on school children’s disposition to angry emotions. It also indicates qualitative difference between angry emotion and angry behaviour, which may require additional conditions to manifest. Thus, intervention programmes that are specifically designed for angry school children should incorporate programmes that target the effect of address family background of the individual, as well as the teaching of strategies for coping with anger eliciting situations

CORRELATES BETWEEN PARENTING STYLES AND THE EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE: A STUDY OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN LAGOS STATE

Background: Emotional intelligence is a relatively recent behavioural model, rising to prominence with the work of Daniel Goleman. The study of parent-child relations has grown tremendously in recent years coupled with its implication on the emotional intelligence of students. This study examined the influence of parenting styles on emotional intelligence of senior school students in Lagos State, the commercial capital of Nigeria and a metropolitan city. Methods: Two hundred and fifty (250) students were randomly selected from five selected schools with age ranging from 15 to 19 years (mean age = 17 years) through stratified and systematic sampling techniques. The study being a survey research, made use of a questionnaire consisting of two validated subscales; the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) and the Parenting Style Inventory (PSI). Three hypotheses were raised and tested. Hypotheses one and three were analyzed using Pearson’s product moment correlation while regression analysis was employed to analyze hypothesis two. Result: In testing the relationship between parenting styles and emotional intelligence, result shows that father’s authoritative parenting style (r = 0.152, p < .005) and mother’s authoritative parenting style (r = 0.227, p < .01) contributed to the prediction of emotional intelligence. Regression analysis shows that of the six predictor variables, only mother’s authoritative parenting style (β = 1.952, t = 2.345, p<.05) could significantly predict the emotional intelligence of senior school students. Conclusion: Being emotionally intelligent adds value to life. Emotions are important to our everyday lives; hence, young people should be assisted on how to control their emotions. Parents, teachers and significant others need to provide guidance for the development emotional intelligence of these young impressionable students

CORRELATES BETWEEN PARENTING STYLES AND THE EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE: A STUDY OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN LAGOS STATE

Background: Emotional intelligence is a relatively recent behavioural model, rising to prominence with the work of Daniel Goleman. The study of parent-child relations has grown tremendously in recent years coupled with its implication on the emotional intelligence of students. This study examined the influence of parenting styles on emotional intelligence of senior school students in Lagos State, the commercial capital of Nigeria and a metropolitan city. Methods: Two hundred and fifty (250) students were randomly selected from five selected schools with age ranging from 15 to 19 years (mean age = 17 years) through stratified and systematic sampling techniques. The study being a survey research, made use of a questionnaire consisting of two validated subscales; the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) and the Parenting Style Inventory (PSI). Three hypotheses were raised and tested. Hypotheses one and three were analyzed using Pearson’s product moment correlation while regression analysis was employed to analyze hypothesis two. Result: In testing the relationship between parenting styles and emotional intelligence, result shows that father’s authoritative parenting style (r = 0.152, p < .005) and mother’s authoritative parenting style (r = 0.227, p < .01) contributed to the prediction of emotional intelligence. Regression analysis shows that of the six predictor variables, only mother’s authoritative parenting style (β = 1.952, t = 2.345, p<.05) could significantly predict the emotional intelligence of senior school students. Conclusion: Being emotionally intelligent adds value to life. Emotions are important to our everyday lives; hence, young people should be assisted on how to control their emotions. Parents, teachers and significant others need to provide guidance for the development emotional intelligence of these young impressionable students

Entrepreneurial Intentions Among Stem and Non-Stem Undergraduates of a Private University in Nigeria: A Comparative Study

This study compared entrepreneurial intentions of STEM and non- STEM undergraduates of a private University in Nigeria. The survey research design and systematic random sampling technique were used in data collection and selection of participants. A total of 250 students (126 STEM and 124 non-STEM) across the five academic levels (100-500) participated in this study. Fifty-two percent (52%) of the participants were males and forty-eight percent (48%) were females. Four hypotheses were raised and tested using t-test for independent samples. The result revealed significant difference in entrepreneurial capacity [t (248) = .084, P.05] and attraction to entrepreneurship [t (248) = 1.296, P>.05]. This study concluded that although STEM and non-STEM students were similar in their entrepreneurial attraction and capacity for developing new products/services, non-STEM students displayed more entrepreneurial capacity and intentions. Therefore, it was recommended that equal attention and opportunities be given to STEM and non-STEM students for entrepreneurship training and capacity building towards increased competitiveness and sustainable development in Nigeria

Pattern of distribution of reactive localised hyperplasia of the oral cavity in patients at a tertiary health institution in Nigeria

Background: Reactive localized hyperplastic lesions of the oral cavity (RHLs) are relatively common peripheral lesions which present as a range of clinically similar lesions at dental centers. Diagnosis can be challenging if dentists are unfamiliar with their clinicopathological across various populations. Objective: This study reviews the pattern of distribution of RHLs of the oral mucosa in a hospital- the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife. Materials and methods: We reviewed 10 years data from the archives of the Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria. Information on RHLs were extracted and recorded on standardized data forms and analyzed using STATA. Results: The most common lesions were pyogenic granuloma (43.7%) and focal fibrous hyperplasia (39.7%), respectively. RHLs were found to be more frequent in women (66.7%) than men (33.3%). The most common locations of involvement was the gingivae (84.6%), and lesions were more common in the 9\u201329 year age group and the mean age was 37.7 (\ub121.1) years. The relationship between age group and reactive lesions was however not statistically significant. Conclusion: The major benefit of this study is an improved knowledge of the frequency and distribution of oral reactive lesions in sub-Saharan Africa which may be highly beneficial when establishing a diagnosis and treatment plan in clinical practice. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v19i1.45 Cite as: Soyele OO, Ladeji AM, Adebiyi KE, Adesina OM, Aborisade AO, Olatunji AS, et al. Pattern of distribution of reactive localised hyperplasia of the oral cavity in patients at a tertiary health institution in Nigeria. Afri Health Sci. 2019;19(1). 1687-1694. https://dx.doi. org/10.4314/ ahs. v19i1.4