The necessity of operational risk management and quantification

Beginning with the fact that performant strategies of the financial institutions have programmes and management procedures for the banking risks, which have as main objective to minimize the probability of risk generation and the bank’s potential exposure, this paper wants to present the operational risk management and quantification methods. Also it presents the modality of minimum capital requirement for the operational risk. Therefore, the first part presents the conceptual approach of the operational risks through the point of view of the financial institutions exposed to this type of risk. The second part describes the management and evaluation methods for the operational risk. The final part of this article presents the approach assumed by a financial institution with a precise purpose: the quantification of the minimum capital requirements of the operational risk.Operational risk, operational risk profile, standard approach, gross income, administrative general expenses

Operational risk measurement

Beginning with the fact that performant strategies of the financial institutions have programmes and management procedures for the banking risks, which have as main objective to minimize the probability of risk generation and the bank’s potential exposure, this paper wants to present the operational risk measurement. Therefore, the first part presents the conceptual approach of the operational risks through the point of view of the financial institutions exposed to this type of risk. The second part describes different measurement methods for the operational risk. The final part of this article presents the approach assumed by a financial institution with a precise purpose: the quantification of the minimum capital requirements of the operational risk.peer-reviewe

Specific interactions within micelle microenvironment in different charged dye/surfactant systems

AbstractThe interactions of two ionic dyes, Crystal Violet and Methyl Orange, with different charged surfactants and also with a nonionic surfactant were investigated using surface tension measurements and visible spectroscopy in pre-micellar and post-micellar regions. It was found that for the water dominant phase systems the dye was localized between the polar heads, at the exterior of the direct micelle shells for all the systems. For the oil dominant phase systems, in case of the same charged dye/surfactant couples, the dye was localized in the micelle shell between the hydrocarbon chain of the surfactant nearby the hydrophilic head groups while for nonionic surfactant and oppositely charged dye/surfactant, localization of dye was between the oxyethylenic head groups towards the interior of the micelle core. Mixed aggregates of the dye and surfactant (below the critical micellar concentration of cationic surfactant), dye-surfactant ion pair and surfactant-micelles were present. The values of equilibrium constants (for TX-114/MO and TX-114/CV systems were 0.97 and 0.98, respectively), partition coefficients between the micellar and bulk water phases and standard free energy (for the nonionic systems were −12.59kJ/mol for MO and −10.97kJ/mol for CV) were calculated for all the studied systems. The partition processes were exothermic and occurred spontaneously

Social Networking as a Facilitator for Lifelong Learning in Multinational Employee’s Career

This paper discusses how multinational employees who are leaving in Bucharest, Romania use social networks as a tool for their everyday tasks and work, and how they want to satisfy their personal development needs by having access to information from these digital platforms. The case study described was conducted in Bucharest in 2017 and followed a results analysis with structured tables and graphs. In the study took part 24 participants who were selected among multinational IT employees in Bucharest. Social networks contribute to employee’s lifelong educational process: besides providing them positive gratification, they also contribute to their personal development and careers growth. Even though all individuals who participated in this study use social networks, more efforts should be done in order for companies in Bucharest to know the benefits of social networks and employee’s opinion about their contribution to lifelong learning

The contents variations of the carotenoid pigments and total lipids in seabuckthorn false fruit and fruit

In this study we present the biosynthesis of carotenoid pigments and total lipids from the seabuckthorn \"fruit\" and \"seeds\" harvested from the spontaneous flora in 2009 year. The amount of total lipids was determined by the gravimetric method and the content of carotenoids by the spectrophotometric method. After the analysis performed on the biotypes of seabuckthorn collected spontaneously, the carotenoid pigments values are according with the data from literature. The total lipids content is different depending on the nature of the analyzed material and the abiotic conditions of the ecosystem from which plants were harvested

Operational Risk Measurement

Beginning with the fact that performant strategies of the financial institutions have programmes and management procedures for the banking risks, which have as main objective to minimize the probability of risk generation and the bank’s potential exposure, this paper wants to present the operational risk measurement. Therefore, the first part presents the conceptual approach of the operational risks through the point of view of the financial institutions exposed to this type of risk. The second part describes different measurement methods for the operational risk. The final part of this article presents the approach assumed by a financial institution with a precise purpose: the quantification of the minimum capital requirements of the operational risk*. *Taking into consideration the values obtained we can mention that in the case of Standard Approach we have a different percentage of the needed capital in comparison with the Advanced Approach. Therefore in the second case we concluded that the percentage needed by a bank is 12, which is less than 15, the percentage needed in the first case.operational risk, operational risk management, Basic Indicator Approach, Standard Approach, Advanced Measurement Approach

The necessity of operational risk management and quantification

Beginning with the fact that performant strategies of the financial institutions have programmes and management procedures for the banking risks, which have as main objective to minimize the probability of risk generation and the bank’s potential exposure, this paper wants to present the operational risk management and quantification methods. Also it presents the modality of minimum capital requirement for the operational risk. Therefore, the first part presents the conceptual approach of the operational risks through the point of view of the financial institutions exposed to this type of risk. The second part describes the management and evaluation methods for the operational risk. The final part of this article presents the approach assumed by a financial institution with a precise purpose: the quantification of the minimum capital requirements of the operational risk

The monthly dynamics of the protein biosynthesis in the leaves harvested from Hippophae rhamnoides L. varieties

Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) presents interesting economic potential due to its well known nutraceutical properties. Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) is a unique medicinal plant and it is cultivated or naturally grown in various parts of the world, including Romania. Almost all part of plant (fruits, leaves and bark) are uses in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The leaves of the seabuckthorn plant contain many nutrients and bioactive substances. This paper presents the results of a study regarding the amount of soluble proteins from five seabuckthorn leaves varieties (Auraş, Silvia, Serpenta, Tiberiu and Victoria). The samples were harvested from Fructex Bacău between May and September months, 2009. The result indicates that the soluble protein content of seabuckthorn leaves depending on the varieties investigated and the harvested moment