Study of Ground Movement in a Mining Area

The inhabitants of a village situated in the southern side of Romania have sued juridical action the local mining company considering that the coal quarry and the new sterile dump situated near up the locality, are the main cause of the civil buildings damages. In order to establish the true causes of damages occurred in the village area a number of 129 buildings has been monitorised and 19 geotechnical drillings were dug surveying the ground structure. Inclinometric tests have been performed for one year in 15 boreholes spread on several profiles. A global stability analysis was performed as well. Our study pointed out that, despite the appearances, the damages arc due to local previous landslides and inadequate foundation solutions

Propuesta de intervención, para el alumnado con trastornos de conducta en Educación Infantil

El presente trabajo pretende dar respuesta a una serie de cuestiones, acerca de la atención a la diversidad, en Educación Infantil y concretamente en los trastornos de conducta más frecuentes en esta etapa: trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad, trastorno negativista desafiante, trastorno explosivo intermitente, trastorno de conducta. El objetivo es mostrar una serie de actividades que ayuden a intervenir en el aula y evitar malos comportamientos, distracciones u otras alteraciones, conduciendo hacia cierta homogeneidad dentro de las clases. Es decir, tras la investigación teórico – práctica, relacionada con la experiencia personal y vivencias de los anteriores prácticums, se dará paso a la creación de metodologías y estrategias para poder utilizar en el aula (con todo el alumnado, pero dirigido principalmente hacia la mejora de las conductas del alumnado que posee trastornos) como futuros docentes. En este caso se muestra una propuesta de 13 actividades, distribuidas en 9 sesiones que se desarrollan durante un mes y con las cuáles se trabajan las emociones como motor para la gestión de la conducta. Entre las conclusiones a las que se ha llegado con el desarrollo de este trabajo se propone el tratamiento de estos aspectos a lo largo de todo el curso escolar de manera transversal y que esta formación se pueda extender a toda la comunidad educativa.Grado en Educación Infanti

AUTOMATION SYSTEM OF A MANEUVERING OPERATION WITHIN A DRILLING INSTALLATION

The Oil and Gas industry is pursuing major changes in automation, with the aim of reducing the risk involved in operations and increasing efficiency, speeding up processes to reduce costs. Internationally and especially in the Offshore environment, deposits with high productive potential are targeted, which are put into operation through a small number of wells with a high flow rate, due to the complexity of marine drilling. The high costs in this sector of the industry make it necessary to optimize all operational times, thus we very often encounter automation elements in the marine drilling process. This work intends to present the advantages of using the Simulink program package in the simulation of the processes, respectively of the maneuver operation in a drilling installation, to predict their real behavior

Effect of Aqueous Extracts from Weed Species on Germination and Initial Growth in <i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.

<p>The current paper presents the results of a study on the effects of aqueous extracts from five weed species (<em>Amaranthus retroflexus, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis, Echinochloa crus-galii, Setaria verticillata</em>) on germination and initial growth in <em>Raphanus sativus</em> L. The following indicators have been analyzed: indices of germination (the germination percentage; the speed of germination; the speed of accumulated germination and the coefficient of germination rate), the length of the root and hypocotyls, the pH of aqueous extracts, the UV-Vis absorption spectra of aqueous extracts. The results of the investigations showed the following aspects: the aqueous extracts reduced the values of calculated germination indices and root growth in the first ontogenetic stages of the test species; the pH of the extracts was slightly acid to neutral. Qualitative spectrophotometric analysis indicated the possible presence of phenolic and organic compounds in the extracts.<em> C. arvense, S. verticillata</em> and <em>E. crus-galii</em> presented the most pronounced effect on germination and growth processes.<em> </em></p

Effect of Aqueous Extracts from Weed Species on Germination and Initial Growth in &lt;i&gt;Raphanus sativus&lt;/i&gt; L.

The current paper presents the results of a study on the effects of aqueous extracts from five weed species (Amaranthus retroflexus, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis, Echinochloa crus-galii, Setaria verticillata) on germination and initial growth in Raphanus sativus L. The following indicators have been analyzed: indices of germination (the germination percentage; the speed of germination; the speed of accumulated germination and the coefficient of germination rate), the length of the root and hypocotyls, the pH of aqueous extracts, the UV-Vis absorption spectra of aqueous extracts. The results of the investigations showed the following aspects: the aqueous extracts reduced the values of calculated germination indices and root growth in the first ontogenetic stages of the test species; the pH of the extracts was slightly acid to neutral. Qualitative spectrophotometric analysis indicated the possible presence of phenolic and organic compounds in the extracts. C. arvense, S. verticillata and E. crus-galii presented the most pronounced effect on germination and growth processes

Trabecular Bone Component Assessment under Orthodontic Loads and Movements during Periodontal Breakdown—A Finite Elements Analysis

This numerical analysis, by employing Tresca and Von Mises failure criteria, assessed the biomechanical behavior of a trabecular bone component subjected to 0.6, 1.2, and 2.4 N orthodontic forces under five movements (intrusion, extrusion, tipping, rotation, and translation) and during a gradual horizontal periodontal breakdown (0–8 mm). Additionally, they assessed the changes produced by bone loss, and the ischemic and resorptive risks. The analysis employed eighty-one models of nine patients in 405 simulations. Both failure criteria showed similar qualitative results, with Tresca being quantitatively higher by 1.09–1.21. No qualitative differences were seen between the three orthodontic loads. Quantitatively, a doubling (1.2 N) and quadrupling (2.4 N) were visible when compared to 0.6 N. Rotation and translation followed by tipping are the most stressful, especially for a reduced periodontium, prone to higher ischemic and resorptive risks. In an intact periodontium, 1.2 N can be safely applied but only in a reduced periodontium for extrusion and intrusion. More than 0.6 N is prone to increasing ischemic and resorptive risks for the other three movements. In an intact periodontium, stress spreads in the entire trabecular structure. In a reduced periodontium, stress concentrates (after a 4 mm loss—marker for the stress change distribution) and increases around the cervical third of the remaining alveolar socket

Assessment of the Best FEA Failure Criteria (Part II): Investigation of the Biomechanical Behavior of Dental Pulp and Apical-Neuro-Vascular Bundle in Intact and Reduced Periodontium

The aim of this study was to biomechanically assess the behavior of apical neuro-vascular bundles (NVB) and dental pulp employing Tresca, Von Mises, Pressure, S1 and S3 failure criterions in a gradual periodontal breakdown under orthodontic movements. Additionally, it was to assess the accuracy of failure criteria, correlation with the maximum hydrostatic pressure (MHP), and the amount of force safe for reduced periodontium. Based on cone-beam computed tomography, 81 3D models of the second lower premolar were subjected to 0.5 N of intrusion, extrusion, rotation, tipping, and translation. A Finite Elements Analysis (FEA) was performed. In intact and reduced periodontium apical NVB, stress (predominant in all criteria) was significantly higher than dental pulp stress, but lower than MHP. VM and Tresca displayed identical results, with added pulpal stress in translation and rotation. S1, S3 and Pressure showed stress in the apical NVB area. 0.5 N seems safe up to 8 mm periodontal breakdown. A clear difference between failure criteria for dental pulp and apical NVB cannot be proved based only on the correlation quantitative results-MHP. Tresca and VM (adequate for ductile materials) showed equivalent results with the lowest amounts of stress. The employed failure criteria must be selected based on the type of material to be analyzed

Assessment of the Best FEA Failure Criteria (Part I): Investigation of the Biomechanical Behavior of PDL in Intact and Reduced Periodontium

The accuracy of five failure criterions employed in the study of periodontal ligaments (PDL) during periodontal breakdown under orthodontic movements was assessed. Based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations, nine 3D models of the second lower premolar with intact periodontium were created and individually subjected to various levels of horizontal bone loss. 0.5 N of intrusion, extrusion, rotation, tipping, and translation was applied. A finite Elements Analysis (FEA) was performed, and stresses were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. In intact periodontium, Tresca and Von Mises (VM) stresses were lower than maximum physiological hydrostatic pressure (MHP), while maximum principal stress S1, minimum principal stress S3, and pressure were higher. In reduced periodontium, Tresca and VM stresses were lower than MHP for intrusion, extrusion, and the apical third of the periodontal ligament for the other movements. 0.5 N of rotation, translation and tipping induced cervical third stress exceeding MHP. Only Tresca (quantitatively more accurate) and VM are adequate for the study of PDL (resemblance to ductile), being qualitatively similar. A 0.5 N force seems safe in the intact periodontium, and for intrusion and extrusion up to 8 mm bone loss. The amount of force should be reduced to 0.1&ndash;0.2 N for rotation, 0.15&ndash;0.3 N for translation and 0.2&ndash;0.4 N for tipping in 4&ndash;8 mm periodontal breakdown. S1, S3, and pressure criteria provided only qualitative results