Towards instantaneous spectrally controlled interferometry

Spectrally controlled interferometry (SCI) is a method which presents a host of advantages over traditional coherent and white light interferometry. As its name suggests, the source spectrum is precisely controlled to produce localized fringes whose location and phase are tunable. The approach has been demonstrated to produce accurate interferometric measurements of planar and spherical optics in the presence of detrimental back reflections over a large range of cavity sizes. Phase shifted measurements of single surfaces can be done without any means of mechanical phase shifting. Additionally, existing systems can be converted to be SCI compatible as the method is implemented entirely at the source level of the instrument. Previous demonstrations of this method have applied temporal phase shifting, but use of the SCI method does not preclude the use of alternative measurement techniques. While traditionally, SCI measurements are acquired by shifting the phase of the spectrum modulation function, here we present an alternative method for phase shifting via mean wavelength shift. It is a convenient extension of SCI because typically source parameters are already controlled electronically and shifting mean wavelength of the source adds no additional complication or modification to the existing hardware. By utilizing wavelength shifting novel architectures for instantaneous measurements become possible. In this paper we present two methods of instantaneous surface measurements: using carrier fringe approach and simultaneous PSI by mean wavelength shift. Various phase measurements of multiple surface cavities via both methods are presented to demonstrate the capability. Comparisons are made to traditional SCI and standard coherent phase shifting measurements. Limitations and sources of noise are addressed as well.This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Computer-aided design of industrial installations

The paper concerns the design of industrial installations using computer programs. It also contains a description of problems that must be solved by a constructor who designs industrial installations, their components and characteristics at different stages of industrial design

Badanie trwałości sprzęgła wiskotycznego tarczowego z cieczą elektroreologiczną

The article concerns experimental research on the durability of a viscotic disc-type clutch with an electrorheological fluid. Viscotic clutches are currently used in the power transmission of multiple machines. The development of the viscotic clutch design is possible due to the use of working fluids with electrorheological properties, which renders it possible to control the drivetrain with the use of an electric current. The durability of the clutches with electrorheological fluid is important in determining the possibility of industrial use. On the basis of bench tests of a viscotic disc clutch, the article presents considerations regarding the operating factors of the clutch. These factors considerably impact the durability of the clutch and its components, including the working fluid.Artykuł dotyczy badań eksperymentalnych trwałości wiskotycznego sprzęgła tarczowego z cieczą elektroreologiczną. Sprzęgła wiskotyczne są obecnie stosowane w układach przeniesienia napędu wielu maszyn. Rozwój konstrukcji sprzęgieł wiskotycznych jest możliwy w wyniku zastosowania jako cieczy roboczej cieczy elektroreologicznej, co umożliwia sterowanie napędem za pomocą prądu elektrycznego. Istotnym problemem, decydującym o możliwości aplikacji przemysłowej sprzęgieł z cieczą elektroreologiczną, jest ich trwałość. W artykule, na postawie badań stanowiskowych wiskotycznego sprzęgła tarczowego z cieczą elektroreologiczną, przedstawiono rozważania dotyczące czynników eksploatacyjnych, mających zasadniczy wpływ na trwałość sprzęgła wiskotycznego i jego elementów, w tym samej cieczy robocze

Parampl: A simple approach for parallel execution of AMPL programs

Abstract. Due to the physical processor frequency scaling constraint, current computer systems are equipped with more and more processing units. Therefore, parallel computing has become an important paradigm in the recent years. AMPL is a comprehensive algebraic modeling language for formulating optimization problems. However, AMPL itself does not support defining tasks to be executed in parallel. Although in last years the parallelism is often provided by solvers, which take advantage of multiple processing units, in many cases it is more efficient to formulate the problem in a decomposed way and apply various problem specific enhancements. Moreover, when the number of cores is permanently growing, it is possible to use both types of parallelism. This paper presents the design of Parampl -a simple tool for parallel execution of AMPL programs. Parampl introduces explicit asynchronous execution of AMPL subproblems from within the program code. Such an extension implies a new view on AMPL programs, where a programmer is able to define complex, parallelized optimization tasks and formulate algorithms solving optimization subproblems in parallel

Obliczenia numeryczne cieczy elektroreologicznej do zastosowania w sterowanym sprzęgle wiskotycznym

We wstępie do artykułu omówiono budowę i sposoby sterowania sprzęgieł wiskotycznych, między innymi poprzez zmianę właściwości cieczy roboczej. Następnie przedstawiono dobór materiałów konstrukcyjnych sterowanego sprzęgła wiskotycznego z cieczą elektroreologiczną (ER). Zasadniczą część artykułu stanowią obliczenia numeryczne cieczy elektroreologicznej oraz sprzęgła. Pokazano przykładowe charakterystyki elektroreologiczne cieczy ERF3-S-I, otrzymane za pomocą procedur obliczeniowych napisanych w programie Turbo Pascal 7 oraz przykładowe wyniki obliczeń sprzęgła tarczowego. Na końcu artykułu zawarto wnioski potwierdzające konieczność modelowania i obliczeń numerycznych właściwości i charakterystyk cieczy elektroreologicznych używanych jako ciecze robocze w sterowanych sprzęgłach wiskotycznych.The construction and method of controlling the viscous clutch by changing the properties of working fluid were described in the introduction of the article. Then, the selection of construction materials of the controlled viscous clutch with electrorheological fluid (ER ) was presented. The major part of paper includes numerical calculations of electrorheological fluid and clutch. The exemplary characteristics of electrorheological ERF3-S-I fluid obtained using the calculation procedures presented in Turbo Pascal 7 and the samples of disc clutch were demonstrated. Conclusions regarding the necessity of carrying out the mathematical modelling and numerical calculations of properties as well as characteristics of electrorheological fluids used as working fluid in the controlled viscous clutch were described in the final part of the article

Geneza i wiek osadów doliny Czarnej Staszowskiej w rejonie Rytwian (Niecka Połaniecka)

Obszar badań zlokalizowany jest w północnej części Niecki Połanieckiej stanowiącej wschodni subregion Niecki Nidziańskiej. Czarna Staszowska jest główną rzeką odwadniającą ten teren. Jej dolina w górnym i środkowym odcinku uwarunkowana jest strukturalnie i nie jest zbyt szeroka. Zaś poniżej Staszowa przybiera rozszerzony, kotlinowaty kształt, który być może jest uwarunkowany tektoniką i litologią utworów podłoża. Na południe od Staszowa, w podłożu zalegają sarmackie iły krakowieckie. Są one przykryte utworami czwartorzędowymi o niewielkiej miąższości. Stanowią je piaszczysto-żwirowe serie preglacjalne, utwory lodowcowe i rezydua kompleksu południowopolskiego, utwory piaszczyste i lessopodobne kompleksów środkowo i północnopolskiego oraz piaski rzeczne i torfy holocenu (Makowska 1976)

Experimental Research Concerning Hydrodynamic Clutches Controlled by Increasing Distance Between Rotors

The article describes the results of experimental research concerning a prototypical hydrodynamic clutch controlled via changes in flow rates of the working fluid. The aim of the research was to collect experimental data to confirm the practical possibility of using such a control method of the hydrodynamic clutch and to compare this with other currently used methods. A change in flow rate of the working fluid was obtained by increasing the distance between rotors. The experimental research was conducted on a test rig built specifically for this purpose. On the basis of the research, the influence of the clutch filling level, the direction of rotation and the temperature of the working fluid on the clutch torque were determined. The experimental research shows that the transferred torque is significantly influenced by the width of the gap between rotors, the rotational speed of the input shaft, the clutch filling degree and the temperature of the working fluid. Thus, these values may be used to control the torque transferred by the hydrodynamic clutch. The temperature of the working fluid is not recommended as a control value due to the fact that it is dependent on the working conditions of the hydrodynamic clutch. On the basis of the test results, it was proven that hydrodynamic clutches controlled by increasing the distance between rotors can be successfully used, for example, in drive systems of wind farms

Application of Plant Oils as Ecologically Friendly Hydraulic Fluids

This paper presents the results of physicochemical and tribological tests of vegetable oils obtained by the supercritical fluid extraction method from berry seeds. The research was conducted by using these oils as the raw material for the biodegradable hydraulic working fluids. The oils were assessed in terms of kinematic viscosity, anti-wear properties, resistance to oxidation and corrosive effects to copper and the pour point. The best results were achieved in the case of the blackcurrant seed oil. In order to confirm the practical possibility of using vegetable oils as working fluids for hydraulic couplings, experimental tests of the hydrodynamic clutch filled with blackcurrant seed oil were carried out. Based on the obtained research results, it was found that oils from berry plant seeds produced by supercritical extraction could be used in the future as potential working fluids for hydraulic systems

Mephisto

“I never really cared about politics so why would I be interested in it now? To me, theatre is the only form of freedom. I am an actor: I go to the theatre, I play a role, I go home. That’s all” – says Hendrik Höfgen, the protagonist in Klaus Mann’s book 'Mephisto' after finding out that Hitler has risen to power. The story about a chameleon-like actor who smoothly forms alliances with any authorities is becoming disturbingly relevant to our times. The 1981 movie by István Szabó was interpreted as a commentary on the regimes of the Soviet Bloc in Eastern Europe. The 'Mephisto' premiere, which took place in the Powszechny Theatre in 1983, arose from societies memories of martial law and the attitudes of artists towards the government at the time of the Polish People’s Republic (PRL). In 2017, 'Mephisto' was performed in a theatre in which the nationalists hurl their flares, a theatre stigmatised from the rostrums of Parliament; a theatre whose entrance was protected by the police to maintain security. 'Mephisto' was produced by Teatr Powszechny in Warsaw and it continues as part of its repetory programme