23,947 research outputs found
Remote sensing of changes in morphology and physiology of trees under stress Annual progress report
Remote sensing of morphological and physiological changes in trees under stres
CELSS Transportation Analysis
Regenerative life support systems based on the use of biological material was considered for inclusion in manned spacecraft. Biological life support systems are developed in the controlled ecological life support system (CELSS) program. Because of the progress achieved in the CELSS program, it is determined which space missions may profit from use of the developing technology. Potential transportation cost savings by using CELSS technology for selected future manned space missions was evaluated. Six representative missions were selected which ranged from a low Earth orbit mission to those associated with asteroids and a Mars sortie. The crew sizes considered varied from four persons to five thousand. Other study parameters included mission duration and life support closure percentages, with the latter ranging from complete resupply of consumable life support materials to 97% closure of the life support system. The analytical study approach and the missions and systems considered, together with the benefits derived from CELSS when applicable are described
Statics and Dynamics of Vortex Liquid Crystals
Using numerical simulations we examine the static and dynamic properties of
the recently proposed vortex liquid crystal state. We confirm the existence of
a smectic-A phase in the absence of pinning. Quenched disorder can induce a
smectic state even at T=0. When an external drive is applied, a variety of
anisotropic dynamical flow states with distinct voltage signatures occur,
including elastic depinning in the hard direction and plastic depinning in the
easy direction. We discuss the implications of the anisotropic transport for
other systems which exhibit depinning phenomena, such as stripes and electron
liquid crystals.Comment: 4 pages, 4 postscript figure
Jamming in Systems With Quenched Disorder
We numerically study the effect of adding quenched disorder in the form of
randomly placed pinning sites on jamming transitions in systems that jam at a
well defined point J in the clean limit. Quenched disorder decreases the
jamming density and introduces a depinning threshold. The onset of a finite
threshold coincides with point J at the lowest pinning densities, but for
higher pinning densities there is always a finite threshold even well below
jamming. We find that proximity to point J strongly affects the transport
curves and noise fluctuations, and observe a change from plastic behavior below
jamming, where the system is highly heterogeneous, to elastic depinning above
jamming. Many of the general features we find are related to other systems
containing quenched disorder, including the peak effect observed in vortex
systems.Comment: 5 pages, 4 postscript figure
Separator development for a heat sterilizable battery Final summary progress report supplement, 12 Jul. 1967 - 12 Jun. 1968
Ligand-containing polymer films developed for heat sterilizable silver oxide - zinc cell
Study of an attitude reference system utilizing an electrically suspended gyro final report, 1 aug. 1964 - 31 mar. 1965
Miniature electrically suspended gyroscope for spacecraft attitude reference syste
Generalised Cantor sets and the dimension of products
In this paper we consider the relationship between the Assouad and box-counting dimension and how both behave under the operation of taking products. We introduce the notion of ‘equi-homogeneity’ of a set, which requires a uniformity in the cardinality of local covers at all length-scales and at all points, and we show that a large class of homogeneous Moran sets have this property. We prove that the Assouad and box-counting dimensions coincide for sets that have equal upper and lower box-counting dimensions provided that the set ‘attains’ these dimensions (analogous to ‘s-sets’ when considering the Hausdorff dimension), and the set is equi-homogeneous. Using this fact we show that for any α ∈ (0, 1) and any β, γ ∈ (0, 1) such that β + γ ≥ 1 we can construct two generalised Cantor sets C and D such that dimBC = αβ, dimBD = α γ, and dimAC = dimAD = dimA (C × D) = dimB (C × D) = α
Leading-edge slat optimization for maximum airfoil lift
A numerical procedure for determining the position (horizontal location, vertical location, and deflection) of a leading edge slat that maximizes the lift of multielement airfoils is presented. The structure of the flow field is calculated by iteratively coupling potential flow and boundary layer analysis. This aerodynamic calculation is combined with a constrained function minimization analysis to determine the position of a leading edge slat so that the suction peak on the nose of the main airfoil is minized. The slat position is constrained by the numerical procedure to ensure an attached boundary layer on the upper surface of the slat and to ensure negligible interaction between the slat wake and the boundary layer on the upper surface of the main airfoil. The highest angle attack at which this optimized slat position can maintain attached flow on the main airfoil defines the optimum slat position for maximum lift. The design method is demonstrated for an airfoil equipped with a leading-edge slat and a trailing edge, single-slotted flap. The theoretical results are compared with experimental data, obtained in the Ames 40 by 80 Foot Wind Tunnel, to verify experimentally the predicted slat position for maximum lift. The experimentally optimized slat position is in good agreement with the theoretical prediction, indicating that the theoretical procedure is a feasible design method
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