Capsule Retentions and Incomplete Capsule Endoscopy Examinations: An Analysis of 2300 Examinations

Aim. To evaluate capsule endoscopy in terms of incomplete examinations and capsule retentions and to find risk factors for these events. Material and Methods. This retrospective and consecutive study includes data from 2300 capsule enteroscopy examinations, performed at four different hospitals in Stockholm, Sweden from 2003 to 2009. Results. The frequency of incomplete examinations was 20%. Older age, male gender, suspected, and known Crohn's disease were risk factors for an incomplete examination. The PillCam capsule had the highest rate of completed examinations. Capsule retention occurred in 1.3% (n = 31). Risk factors for capsule retention were known Crohn's disease and suspected tumor. Complications of capsule retention were acute obstructive symptoms in six patients and one death related to complications after acute surgical capsule retrieval. Conclusion: Capsule endoscopy is considered a safe procedure, although obstructive symptoms and serious complications due to capsule retention can be found in a large series of patients

Bleeding from gastrointestinal angioectasias is not related to bleeding disorders - a case control study

n/aOriginal Publication:Charlotte M Hoog, Olle Brostrom, Tomas Lindahl, Andreas Hillarp, Gerd Larfars and Urban Sjoqvist, Bleeding from gastrointestinal angioectasias is not related to bleeding disorders - a case control study, 2010, BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY, (10), 113.http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-230X-10-113Licensee: BioMed Centralhttp://www.biomedcentral.com

Närhet och distans i instrumentalundervisning på kulturskolan

Syftet med föreliggande studie har varit att med hjälp av kvalitativa intervjuer undersöka hur sex musiklärare inom ’en-till-en’ undervisning förhåller sig till att skapa och upprätthålla en relation gentemot deras elever i kulturskolan. Tidigare studier föreslår att lärare måste upprätthålla en komplex tvådelad relation som både tillhandahåller den auktoritära- och den personliga lärarrollen. Detta sätt att betrakta lärarrollen kallas för Persona, ett begrepp som är centralt i uppsatsen. Lärarnas utsagor har analyserats med hjälp av tematisk analysmetod och temana som skapades presenteras och kopplas samman med den teoretiska utgångspunkten att lärare har två roller att upprätthålla vad gäller relationen gentemot eleven. Resultatet visar att den personliga relationen är av stor vikt för informanterna då den synliggör elevens styrkor och svagheter; således kan lärarna individanpassa undervisningen för eleverna. Denna relation skapas och upprätthålls via lärarens intresse för eleven. Detta intresse yttrar sig bland annat genom mellanmänskliga samtal under lektionerna. Dock så bör inte detta intresse vara lektionens enskilda fokus. Utifrån intervjuerna framgår det att lärarna även måste tillhandahålla mer auktoritära och opersonliga lärarroller för att eleven faktiskt ska lära sig något. Dessa två lärarroller ska alltså inte ses som dikotomier, utan ska istället användas som komplement för varandra. The purpose of this study has been to, with the help of qualitative interviews, examine how six music teachers in ’one-to-one’ tuition relate to creating and upholding a relationship in regards to their students in music schools. Earlier studies suggest that teachers must uphold a complex two-parted relationship that involves the teacher both as an authority and in a more personal role. This way of observing the teacher role is called Persona, a term central in this essay. The statements of the teachers have been analysed with the help of thematic analysis and the themes which were created are presented and connected with the theoretical perspective that teachers have two roles to uphold when it comes to the relationship towards the student. The result of the study shows that the personal relationship is of great importance for the informants as it throws light upon the students strengths and weaknesses. This makes it possible for the teachers to customize the education to fit the student. The relationship is created and upheld on the basis of interest that the teachers have for their students. This interest makes itself shown, among other ways, through interpersonal conversations during the lessons. The teachers interest in their student shouldn’t be the single focus of the lesson though. Based on the interviews, it appears that the teachers also must provide more authoritarian and impersonal teacher roles in order for the student to actually learn anything. These two teacher roles should in other words not be seen as dichotomies, but should instead be used as a complement to each other

Use of complementary and alternative medicine in Swedish patients with inflammatory bowel disease : a controlled study.

BACKGROUND: There is an increasing interest in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in patients with chronic diseases, including those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients may turn to CAM when conventional therapies are inadequate or associated with side effects for symptomatic relief or to regain control over their disease. The objectives were to explore CAM use and perceived effects in IBD patients in comparison with a control group. METHODS: A cross-sectional, multicenter, controlled study was carried out. IBD patients were invited from 12 IBD clinics in Sweden. Controls were selected randomly from a residence registry. A study-specific questionnaire was used for data collection. RESULTS: Overall, 48.3% of patients with IBD had used some kind of CAM during the past year compared with 53.5% in controls (P=0.025, adjusted for age, sex, geographic residence, and diet). The most frequently used CAM among IBD patients was massage (21.3%), versus controls (31.4%) (adjusted P=0.0003). The second most used CAM was natural products, 18.7% in IBD patients versus 22.3% of the controls (unadjusted P=0.018). In all, 83.1% of the patients experienced positive effects from CAM and 14.4% experienced negative effects. CONCLUSION: Overall, 48.3% of Swedish IBD patients used some kind of CAM and controls used CAM significantly more. Natural products were used by one-fifth of the patients and even more by controls. This is notable from a patient safety perspective considering the possible risks of interactions with conventional medication. In all, 40% of the patients reported adverse events from conventional medicine. Patients experienced predominantly positive effects from CAM, and so did controls