Cultura cooperativa y gestión empresarial en la cuenca lechera cordobesa-santafecina. Argentina, fines del s. XIX a 1970

Este artículo presenta resultados de una investigación basada en fuentes primarias. Revaloriza el conocimiento de procesos históricos espacial y temporalmente particularizados. Apunta a explicar las transformaciones históricas que tenían lugar en la cuenca lechera cordobesa-santafecina en Argentina cuando se intensificaba la actividad agroindustrial bajo el liderazgo de la empresa cooperativa Sancor (Fábrica de manteca Sancor Cooperativas limitadas). Abstract: This article presents results of an investigation based on primary sources. Revalues the historical process knowledge particularized space and time. It aims to explain the historical changes taking place in Cordoba- Santa Fe dairy area in Argentina when agroindustrial activity intensified under the leadership of the cooperative enterprise Sancor (Sancor Butter Factory Co Limited).This article presents the results and findings of an investigation based on primary sources. It reappraises the knowledge of temporally and spatially-situated historical processes. It seeks to explain the transformations that took place in the Argentine dairy region of Córdoba-Santa Fe at times when there was an intensification of agro-industrial activity under the leadership of the co-operative company Sancor (Sancor Butter Factory Co-operative Limited). This company promoted a model that consisted in incorporating advanced technologies. In the deployment of its organizational capabilities, there were certain underlying cooperativism related cultural values.Fil: Olivera, Gabriela Carina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Instituto de Humanidades; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentin

Effects of artesunate against Trypanosma cruzi

Therapy against Trypanosma cruzi relies on only two chemically relatednitro-derivative drugs, benznidazole and nifurtimox, both limited by poorefficacy and toxicity. It is suspected that with prolonged usage of these drugs, resistant parasites will be selected, which results in risk for treatment failureover the time. Herein, we studied the in vitro activity of artesunate, the mosteffective drug to treat severe P. falciparum and chloroquine-resistant P. vivax, on three strains of T. cruzi originated in different regions of Latin America(Argentina, Nicaragua and Brazil). The results of these assays showed thatartesunate inhibits multiplication of epimastigotes (IC50 = 50, 6.10 and 23 µM,respectively) and intracellular amastigotes (IC50 = 15, 0.12 and 6.90 µM,respectively), indicating that it represents a potent anti-T. cruzi compound interms of inhibiting parasite multiplication in vitro. We then tested the effectof artesunate in Balb/c mice infected with Brazil strain and found that it failedto cure the infection, suggesting that the drug may be unsuitable for in vivotreatment. When infected mice were treated with high doses AS + BZ, the outcomeof infection was similar to that observed in mice treated with BZ alone.Nevertheless, understanding of structure-activity relationship of artesunatemight lead to the development of new and effective drugs against T. cruzi.Fil: Olivera, Gabriela Carina. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Instituto de Salud “Dr. C. G. Malbrán”. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología ; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Postan, Miriam. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Instituto de Salud “Dr. C. G. Malbrán”. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología ; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: González, Mariela Natacha. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Instituto de Salud “Dr. C. G. Malbrán”. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología ; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Assessment of CD8+ T Cell Differentiation in Trypanosoma cruzi-Infected Children

We previously reported that the T cell compartment in chronically Trypanosoma cruzi-infected adult subjects display functional and phenotypic signs of immune senescence. This study aimed to investigate the differentiation and the senescent profile of the overall CD8+ T cell compartment in T. cruzi-infected children at the early stage of the disease. We found a lower percentage of naive (CD27+CD28+CD45RA+) and early antigen-experienced (CD45RA−CD27+CD28+), and higher percentages of late differentiated antigen-experienced (CD45RA−CD27−CD28−) CD8+ T cells in T. cruzi-infected children as compared with age-matched uninfected controls. The expression of the interleukin (IL)-7R is also decreased on naive and on antigen-experienced total CD8+ T cells with various degrees of differentiation. Conversely, the expression of HLA-DR, caspase-3, and CD57 did not vary on the total CD8+ T cell compartment. These findings suggest that the duration of the infection is relevant in the process of immune senescent that this parasite can induce

Chronic human infection with Trypanosoma cruzi drives CD4+ T cells to immune senescence

Previously we found that the frequency of IFN-gamma-producing CD8(+) T cells specific for Trypanosoma cruzi inversely correlates with disease severity in chronic human Chagas disease along with low levels of IL-2-secreting CD8(+) T cells in all clinical stages. This impairment of the parasite-specific T cell responses was associated with phenotypic features of immune senescence of the CD8(+) T cell compartment. These data prompted us to address the question of whether the CD4(+) T cell compartment also experiences signs of exhaustion. Thus, we performed a functional and phenotypical characterization of T. cruzi-specific and overall CD4(+) T cells in chronically infected subjects with different degrees of cardiac dysfunction. The results show an inverse association between disease severity and the frequency of T. cruzi-specific IFN-gamma-producing CD4(+) T cells. The high expression of CD27 and CD28 with a relative low expression of CD57 found on CD4(+)IFN-gamma(+) T cells suggests that the effector T cell pool in chronic T. cruzi infection includes a high proportion of newly recruited T cells, but a low frequency of long-term memory cells. The total CD4(+) T cell compartment shows signs of senescence and later stages of differentiation associated with more severe stages of the disease. These findings support the hypothesis that long-term T. cruzi infection in humans might exhaust long-lived memory T cells

Trypanosoma cruzi-specific immune responses in subjects from endemic areas of Chagas disease of Argentina

Fil: Olivera, Gabriela Carina. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología; Argentina.Fil: Albareda, María Cecilia. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología; Argentina.Fil: Alvarez, María Gabriela. Hospital “Eva Perón”, San Martín; ArgentinaFil: De Rissio, Ana María. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología; Argentina.Fil: Fichera, Laura E. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología; Argentina.Fil: Cooley, Gretchen. Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, Coverdell Center for Biomedical Research (Rm 310B), University of Georgia, Athens; Estados Unidos.Fil: Yachelini, Pedro. Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad Católica de Santiago del Estero; Argentina.Fil: Hrellac, Hugo A. Programa de Chagas. Secretaría de Salud de La Rioja; Argentina.Fil: Riboldi, Hilda. Programa de Chagas. Secretaría de Salud de La Rioja; ArgentinaFil: Laucella, Susana A. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología; Argentina.Fil: Tarleton, Rick. Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, Coverdell Center for Biomedical Research (Rm 310B), University of Georgia, Athens; Estados Unidos.Fil: Postan, Miriam. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología; Argentina.Trypanosoma cruzi-specific immune responses were evaluated in a total of 88 subjects living in areas endemic of Chagas disease of Argentina by IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays and immunoblotting. Positive T. cruzi antigen-induced IFN-gamma responses were detected in 42% of subjects evaluated (15/26 positive by conventional serology and 22/62 seronegative subjects). Using immunoblotting, T. cruzi-specific IgG reactivity was detected in all seropositive subjects and in 11% (7/61) of subjects negative by conventional serology. Measurements of T cell responses and antibodies by immunoblotting, in conjunction with conventional serology, might enhance the capability of detection of exposure to T. cruzi in endemic areas

Debates y proposiciones de trabajo social en el marco del bicentenario

Debates y proposiciones de Trabajo Social en el marco del Bicentenario. Algunos de los ejes abordados fueron: la problemática de la desigualdad, aportes a la construcción de una agenda que tenga a la distribución de la riqueza como una de las prioridades, las políticas públicas y particularmente las sociales, los límites y posibilidades de las instituciones hoy. A partir de definir el tema convocante nos invitamos a escribir sobre aquellas cuestiones que nos interesaban poner a interlocución a los otros integrantes de la Red, desde la convicción que el sentido de este espacio está en trabajar aquellas preocupaciones que se nos presentan en la formación de los trabajadores sociales. Este libro contiene todas las producciones presentadas en oportunidad del encuentro que se realizó en la uner. En dicha jornada contamos con la valiosa exposición de la Dra. Dora Barrancos, quien con agudeza y claridad realizó articulaciones entre cuestiones históricas, de género y profesiones