Switching node architectures in flexible-grid networks: A performance comparison

A migration from fixed-grid WDM networks to flexible-grid networks is foreseen as a solution able to cope with the constant traffic increase in backbone networks. The migration will involve significant changes in the network infrastructure and in the architecture of optical switching nodes. Indeed, several studies propose new architectures that can effectively exploit the characteristics of flexible-grid networks. On the one hand, traditional ROADM nodes enhanced with new colorless, directionless and contentionless capabilities are studied. On the other hand, nodes designed according to the Architecture on Demand concept were proposed as a solution able to dynamically adapt to the elastic switching and processing requirements of flexible-grid networks. We evaluate the two node architectures considering their use in flexible-grid networks and we compare their spectral efficiency and energy consumption

Seleção De Genótipos De Tomateiro Para Processamento Com Alto Teor De Zingibereno Resistentes A Pragas

Tomato cultivars resistant to arthropod pests are an important tool to reduce the use of pesticides. Resistance sources can be found in wild Solanum species such as S. habrochaites, which shows high levels of zingiberene (ZGB). This study aimed to evaluate the resistance of a tomato F2 progeny to spider mite and whitefly by evaluating the ZGB content, in laboratory, in plants from the F2 population of the interspecific crossing Solanum lycopersicum cultivar Redenção x Solanum habrochaites var. hirsutum (PI-127826), F1 plants, susceptible plants (cultivar Redenção) and plants of the wild species (PI-127826). From the F2 population, six plants with high content and three with low content of ZGB were selected. For evaluating the impact of ZGB on the spider mite behavior, the distance walked by spider mites from a central point was measured on the selected plants and their parents. For whitefly, the number of eggs and nymphs were quantified. Spider mites travelled shorter distances in plants with high ZGB content. Also, the number of whitefly eggs and nymphs was lower in these plants. Higher ZBG contents affected negatively both the spider mite and the whitefly behavior. © 2016, Sociedade de Olericultura do Brasil. All rights reserved.34338739

Immunological Balance Is Associated with Clinical Outcome after Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Type 1 Diabetes

Transplantation and autoimmunit