Vitamin A Supplementation For Postpartum Women

Background In areas where vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a public health concern, the maternal dietary intake of vitamin A may be not sufficient to meet either the maternal nutritional requirements, or those of the breastfed infant, due the low retinol concentrations in breast milk. Objectives To evaluate the effects of vitamin A supplementation for postpartum women on maternal and infant health. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (8 February 2016), LILACS (1982 to December 2015), Web of Science (1945 to December 2015), and the reference lists of retrieved studies. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or cluster-randomised trials that assessed the effects of vitamin A supplementation for postpartum women on maternal and infant health (morbidity, mortality and vitamin A nutritional status). Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion, conducted data extraction, assessed risk of bias and checked for accuracy. We assessed the quality of the evidence using the GRADE approach. Main results Fourteen trials of mainly low or unclear risk of bias, enrolling 25,758 women and infant pairs were included. The supplementation schemes included high, single or double doses of vitamin A (200,000 to 400,000 internation units (IU)), or 7.8 mg daily beta-carotene compared with placebo, no treatment, other (iron); or higher (400,000 IU) versus lower dose (200,000 IU). In all trials, a considerable proportion of infants were at least partially breastfed until six months.3Cochrane Editorial Unit, U

Yoga: Sonoridade, Alimentação e Dietética

Neste texto estão descritos e discutidos elementos introdutórios em relação à Cultura Indiana que versam especialmente sobre as intersecções entre a Yoga, a Música e a Alimentação e, de forma mais específica, a uma possível “Dietética da Yoga”. Nas considerações desenhadas acerca de "Um olhar para a Yoga”, buscou-se registrar alguns passos de uma trajetória por outros conhecimentos, modos diversos de pensar a comida, o comer, a alimentação e, porque não, a dietética, dando visibilidade a outras formas de apreender a Alimentação, a Nutrição e a Dietética

Vitamin A supplementation for postpartum women

In areas where vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a public health concern, the maternal dietary intake of vitamin A may be not sufficient to meet either the maternal nutritional requirements, or those of the breastfed infant, due the low retinol concentrations in breast milk. To evaluate the effects of vitamin A supplementation for postpartum women on maternal and infant health. We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (8 February 2016), LILACS (1982 to December 2015), Web of Science (1945 to December 2015), and the reference lists of retrieved studies. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or cluster‐randomised trials that assessed the effects of vitamin A supplementation for postpartum women on maternal and infant health (morbidity, mortality and vitamin A nutritional status). Two review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion, conducted data extraction, assessed risk of bias and checked for accuracy. We assessed the quality of the evidence using the GRADE approach. Fourteen trials of mainly low or unclear risk of bias, enrolling 25,758 women and infant pairs were included. The supplementation schemes included high, single or double doses of vitamin A (200,000 to 400,000 internation units (IU)), or 7.8 mg daily beta‐carotene compared with placebo, no treatment, other (iron); or higher (400,000 IU) versus lower dose (200,000 IU). In all trials, a considerable proportion of infants were at least partially breastfed until six months.

(in)segurança Alimentar E Nutricional Em Pessoas Que Vivem Com Hiv/aids Atendidas No Serviço Especializado Em Moléstias Infecto-contagiosas De Limeira, Sp

O objetivo deste estudo transversal foi investigar a prevalência de (In)segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (IAN/SAN) em pessoas que vivem com HIV/AIDS atendidas no Serviço Especializado em Moléstias Infecto-Contagiosas de Limeira, SP, (SEMIL). Foram recrutados indivíduos com idade superior a 19 anos, em Terapia Anti-Retroviral de Alta Efetividade (HAART) que foram entrevistados utilizando-se a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA), um questionário sócio-demográfico e um recordatório de 24h, além da realização da avaliação do estado nutricional. Participaram da pesquisa 102 indivíduos, sendo 56,9% homens e 43,1% mulheres. Observou-se prevalência de 51,0% de IAN e de 58,8% de desemprego. A idade média do grupo foi de 45 (±10,7) anos e a escolaridade em anos completos foi de 7,2 (±3,5) anos. Houve associação estatisticamente significante entre a situação de IAN/SAN e o consumo de carne e de doces, com maior proporção de consumo de carne em pessoas em SAN (p=0,0040) e de não consumo de doces em pessoas em IAN (p=0,0290). O grupo em SAN apresentou renda per capita de aproximadamente R$927,9 (±733,0), enquanto o grupo em IAN apresentou renda de R$544,8 (±335,7) mensais (p=0,0009). O grupo que não consumiu frutas apresentou uma renda per capita de R$622,0 (±418,3), enquanto o grupo que consumiu apresentou renda de R$904,0 (±771,6) (p=0,0188). Houve correlação estatisticamente significante entre IMC e renda somente no grupo classificado em SAN (p=0,0170). Em conclusão, foi possível observar alta prevalência de IAN em pessoas que vivem com HIV/AIDS, além de outras situações de vulnerabilidade.211337-346Segurança Alimentar

(In)segurança alimentar e nutricional em pessoas que vivem com HIV/AIDS atendidas no serviço especializado em moléstias infecto-contagiosas de Limeira, SP

O objetivo deste estudo transversal foi investigar a prevalência de (In)segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (IAN/SAN) em pessoas que vivem com HIV/AIDS atendidas no Serviço Especializado em Moléstias Infecto-Contagiosas de Limeira, SP, (SEMIL). Foram recrutados indivíduos com idade superior a 19 anos, em Terapia Anti-Retroviral de Alta Efetividade (HAART) que foram entrevistados utilizando-se a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA), um questionário sócio-demográfico e um recordatório de 24h, além da realização da avaliação do estado nutricional. Participaram da pesquisa 102 indivíduos, sendo 56,9% homens e 43,1% mulheres. Observou-se prevalência de 51,0% de IAN e de 58,8% de desemprego. A idade média do grupo foi de 45 (±10,7) anos e a escolaridade em anos completos foi de 7,2 (±3,5) anos. Houve associação estatisticamente significante entre a situação de IAN/SAN e o consumo de carne e de doces, com maior proporção de consumo de carne em pessoas em SAN (p=0,0040) e de não consumo de doces em pessoas em IAN (p=0,0290). O grupo em SAN apresentou renda per capita de aproximadamente R$927,9 (±733,0), enquanto o grupo em IAN apresentou renda de R$544,8 (±335,7) mensais (p=0,0009). O grupo que não consumiu frutas apresentou uma renda per capita de R$622,0 (±418,3), enquanto o grupo que consumiu apresentou renda de R$904,0 (±771,6) (p=0,0188). Houve correlação estatisticamente significante entre IMC e renda somente no grupo classificado em SAN (p=0,0170). Em conclusão, foi possível observar alta prevalência de IAN em pessoas que vivem com HIV/AIDS, além de outras situações de vulnerabilidade

Effects Of A Low Dose Of Fish Oil On Inflammatory Markers Of Brazilian Hiv-infected Adults On Antiretroviral Therapy: A Randomized, Parallel, Placebo-controlled Trial

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Background: The benefits of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected subjects have been limited by an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a low dose of marine omega-3 fatty acids on inflammatory marker concentrations in HIV-infected subjects under antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods: This was a randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled trial that investigated the effects of 3 g fish oil/day (540 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid-EPA plus 360 mg of docosahexaenoic acid-DHA) or 3 g soy oil/day (placebo) for 24 weeks in 83 male and non-pregnant female HIV-infected adults on ART. Results: There were no differences between groups for the measures at baseline. Multilevel analyses revealed no statistically significant relationship between the longitudinal changes in high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) (Wald Chi2 = 0.17, p = 0.918), fibrinogen (Wald Chi2 = 3.82, p = 0.148), and factor VIII (Wald Chi2 = 5.25, p = 0.073) with fish oil. No significant changes in interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-1 beta (IL1-beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) serum concentrations were observed with fish oil supplements for 12 weeks. Conclusions: Compared to placebo, a low dose of 900 mg omega-3 fatty acids (EPA plus DHA) in fish oil capsules did not change hs-CRP, fibrinogen, factor VIII, IL6, IL1-beta and TNF-alpha serum concentrations in HIV-infected subjects on ART. Further investigations should consider the assessment of more sensitive inflammatory markers or higher doses to evaluate the effects of marine omega-3 fatty acids in this population. Registered at the Nederlands Trial Register, Identifier no. NTR1798.7865206528Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)FAPESP [2008/50970-8, 2009/55532-7

Effects of a low dose of fish oil on inflammatory markers of brazilian HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy: a randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled trial

The benefits of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected subjects have been limited by an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a low dose of marine omega-3 fatty acids on inflammatory marker concentrations in HIV-infected subjects under antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods: This was a randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled trial that investigated the effects of 3 g fish oil/day (540 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid-EPA plus 360 mg of docosahexaenoic acid-DHA) or 3 g soy oil/day (placebo) for 24 weeks in 83 male and non-pregnant female HIV-infected adults on ART. Results: There were no differences between groups for the measures at baseline. Multilevel analyses revealed no statistically significant relationship between the longitudinal changes in high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) (Wald Chi2 = 0.17, p = 0.918), fibrinogen (Wald Chi2 = 3.82, p = 0.148), and factor VIII (Wald Chi2 = 5.25, p = 0.073) with fish oil. No significant changes in interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-1 beta (IL1-beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) serum concentrations were observed with fish oil supplements for 12 weeks. Conclusions: Compared to placebo, a low dose of 900 mg omega-3 fatty acids (EPA plus DHA) in fish oil capsules did not change hs-CRP, fibrinogen, factor VIII, IL6, IL1-beta and TNF-alpha serum concentrations in HIV-infected subjects on ART. Further investigations should consider the assessment of more sensitive inflammatory markers or higher doses to evaluate the effects of marine omega-3 fatty acids in this population. Registered at the Nederlands Trial Register, Identifier no. NTR17987865206528FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP2008/50970-8; 2009/55532-

Effects Of A Low Dose Of Fish Oil On Inflammatory Markers Of Brazilian Hiv-infected Adults On Antiretroviral Therapy: A Randomized, Parallel, Placebo-controlled Trial.

The benefits of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected subjects have been limited by an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a low dose of marine omega-3 fatty acids on inflammatory marker concentrations in HIV-infected subjects under antiretroviral therapy (ART). This was a randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled trial that investigated the effects of 3 g fish oil/day (540 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid-EPA plus 360 mg of docosahexaenoic acid-DHA) or 3 g soy oil/day (placebo) for 24 weeks in 83 male and non-pregnant female HIV-infected adults on ART. There were no differences between groups for the measures at baseline. Multilevel analyses revealed no statistically significant relationship between the longitudinal changes in high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) (Wald Chi2 = 0.17, p = 0.918), fibrinogen (Wald Chi2 = 3.82, p = 0.148), and factor VIII (Wald Chi2 = 5.25, p = 0.073) with fish oil. No significant changes in interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-1 beta (IL1-beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) serum concentrations were observed with fish oil supplements for 12 weeks. Compared to placebo, a low dose of 900 mg omega-3 fatty acids (EPA plus DHA) in fish oil capsules did not change hs-CRP, fibrinogen, factor VIII, IL6, IL1-beta and TNF-alpha serum concentrations in HIV-infected subjects on ART. Further investigations should consider the assessment of more sensitive inflammatory markers or higher doses to evaluate the effects of marine omega-3 fatty acids in this population. Registered at the Nederlands Trial Register, Identifier no. NTR1798.76520-652

Perímetro abdominal se asocia a la ingesta de alimentos, factores sociodemográficos y de comportamiento entre los adultos en el sur de Brasil: un estudio basado en la población

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the abdominal perimeter determinants in adults who live in the city of Lages, Sc. Design: A population-based cross-sectional study in adults from 20 to 59 years-old of the urban area (n=2.022). The dependent variable is the abdominal perimeter, the independent variables are: age, skin color self-reported, marital status, number of children, per capita income, education, physical activity, smoking, nutrition, self-reported diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, body weight index. The differences between the mean perimeters were tested using ANOVA test and multiple linear regression for confounding adjustment. Results: The response rate was 98.2%, 52.3% were women. The mean abdominal perimeter for men was 93.66 cm (SD 13.8) and for women 92.80 cm (SD 14.5). There was a positive association of abdominal circumference with age (p<0.001) and negative regarding education. The abdominal perimeter means were higher for those insufficiently active (p<0.001), for former smokers (p<0.001), for those who consumed meat without fat removal (p = 0.001), for those who consumed fruit less than 5 times a week (p<0.001) and for those who were overweight (p<0.001). Remained positively associated with changes in abdominal obesity, insufficient physical activity, smoking, former smoker and consumption of meat without fat removal. All proximal variables remained positively associated with abdominal perimeter. Conclusions: The results have confirmed that diet, lifestyle and sociodemographic conditions determine a different distribution in abdominal fat, it is needed actions to promote a healthy lifestyle312621628Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los determinantes del perímetro abdominal en adultos que viven en la ciudad de Lages, SC. Diseño: Estudio transversal de base poblacional en adultos 20-59 años de edad, de la zona urbana (n= 2022). La variable dependiente fue el perímetro abdominal y las variables independientes fueron: edad, color de la piel auto dicho, estado civil, número de hijos, renta per cápita, nivel educacional, actividad física, tabaquismo, nutrición, diabetes mellitus auto dicho, presión arterial alta e índice de masa corporal. Las diferencias entre los promedios de perímetros se probaron a través de la ANOVA y de la regresión lineal múltiple, ajustada para los factores de confusión. Resultados: La tasa de respuesta fue de un 98,2%, de los cuales un 52,3% eran mujeres. El perímetro abdominal promedio para los hombres fue 93,66 cm (SD= 13,8 cm) y para las mujeres 92,80 cm (SD= 14,5). Hubo asociación positiva entre la circunferencia abdominal y la edad (p<0,001) y negativa entre la circunferencia abdominal y el nivel educacional. El promedio de perímetro abdominal fue más grande en personas insuficientemente activas (p<0,001), en los ex fumadores (p<0,001), en los que consumen carne sin la eliminación de grasa (p=0,001), en aquellos que consumían frutos menos de 5 veces a la semana (p<0,001) y en los que tenían sobrepeso (p<0,001). Se mantuvo una asociación positiva con los cambios en la obesidad abdominal, la insuficiente actividad física, el tabaquismo, ex fumador y el consumo de carne sin la eliminación de grasa. Todas las variables proximales se mantuvieron asociadas positivamente con el perímetro abdominal. Conclusiones: Los resultados confirman que la dieta, el estilo de vida y las condiciones sociodemográficas determinan una distribución diferente de la grasa abdominal, siendo necesarias acciones para promover un estilo de vida saludablesem informaçã

Vitamin A supplementation for breastfeeding mothers (Protocol)

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects of vitamin A supplementation, alone or in combination with other micronutrients (e.g. iron, folic acid, vitamin E), in mothers during the postpartum period, on maternal and infant health. Specific objectives are to compare the effects of vitamin A supplementation (alone or in combination with other micronutrients) with placebo or no supplementation on: 1. the duration and occurrence of maternal morbidity (xerophthalmia, infection) or illness symptoms (night blindness, fever, nausea, vomiting); 2. the duration and occurrence of neonatal or infant morbidity (respiratory tract infection, diarrhea, measles) or illness symptoms (fever, nausea, vomiting); 3. maternal serum retinol concentration; 4. infant serum retinol concentration; 5. breast milk retinol concentration; and 6. maternal satisfaction