Direct Applicability of Generally Accepted Principles of International Law in Legal Order of the Republic of Slovenia

Self-executing, incorporated and generally accepted principles of international law have been used directly in legal order of the Republic of Slovenia. Systematic records of these identified and enforced norms do not exist. It is difficult for lawyers and judges to get acquainted with them. The predicament is even greater because, with the exception of the Court of Justice of the European Union, a translation of the relevant case law of international tribunals is not available. Generally accepted principles of international law are applicable in Slovenian legal order per se. Despite that, it is not entirely clear how administrative bodies should react in situations where the rights and obligations of legal entities are on the one hand regulated by law and customary international law but on the other hand are contradictory

Pomisleki in dileme o normativnem okviru instituta pomilostitve [Scruples and Dilemmas of the Institute of Clemency Regulatory Framework]

Normativni okvir instituta pomilostitve izhaja iz Ustave RS, ki je vsebinsko razčlenjena z zakonodajno intervencijo. Podrobno branje in interpretacija Zakona o pomilostitvi nakazujeta na nekatere dileme in pomisleke v smeri nedopustnega oženja izključne izvirne ustavne pristojnosti predsednika republike. Da bi se izognili dvomom, bi bila potrebna dopolnitev Ustave v šesti alineji prvega odstavka 107. člena, npr. z oblikovano določbo, da predsednik republike odloča o pomilostitvah »na način, kakor je to določeno z zakonom«. Zakon o pomilostitvi je mogoče do takrat z zgodovinsko objektivistično interpretacijo razumeti tako, da predsednika republike pravno ne omejuje pri izvajanju njegove izvirne ustavne pristojnosti dajanja pomilostitev.The legal framework institution of clemency stems from the Constitution, which is substantially filled with a legislative intervention. Detailed reading and interpretation of the Pardon Act indicate some dilemmas and doubts about the inadmissible narrowing of the exclusive original constitutional power of the President of the Republic. For the avoidance of doubt, it would require an amendment of the Constitution in the sixth line of the first paragraph of Article 107 with the provision that the President of the Republic decides on the granting of clemency ‘in the manner provided by law.’ It is, therefore, possible to understand the valid Pardon Act through historical objectivist interpretation in such a way that the President of the Republic is not restricted by law in the implementation of his original constitutional powers on the granting of clemency

Neposredna uporaba splošno veljavnih načel mednarodnega prava v pravnem redu Republike Slovenije

Inkorporirana neposredno izvršljiva splošno veljavna načela mednarodnega prava se v pravnem redu Republike Slovenije uporabljajo neposredno. Obstaja problem odsotnosti sistemske ureditve evidence uveljavljenih tovrstnih pravnih norm in zato težavnost njihovega prepoznavanja. Zadrega je večja, ker tudi ni na voljo relevantne strokovno prevedene judikature mednarodenih tribunalov, z izjemo sodb Sodišča Evropske unije. Čeprav splošno veljavna načela mednarodnega prava veljajo v slovenskem pravnem redu per se, ni popolnoma jasno, kako naj se odzovejo upravni organi v situacijah, ko so pravice in obveznosti pravnih subjektov hkrati urejene z zakonom in uveljavljenim običajnim mednarodnim pravom, vendar so nasprotujoče

Možen reformirani model pravne akulturacije običajnih norm občega mednarodnega prava v pravni red Republike Slovenije

Raziskovanje vsebine in pomena ustavne norme 8. člena je privedlo do identifikacij pravnih argumentov kot podlag za oceno, da je ureditev recepcije mednarodnega prava v pravni red Republike Slovenije premalo določna in organizacijsko sistemsko dorečena. Oblikovani so naslednji predlogi možnega reformiranega modela: (1) spremeni in dopolni se dikcija 8. člena Ustave(2) odpravi se korekcija Akta o notranji organizaciji in sistemizaciji v Ministrstvu za zunanje zadeve(3) dopolni se dikcija 21. člena Uredbe o objavljanju v Uradnem listu RS(4) predlaga se sprejem sklepa vlade o vzpostavitvi projekta "Prevajanje in redakcija judikatov in odločitev mednarodnih sodnih in arbitražnih tribunalov".Research into the contents and significance of the constitutional norm of Article 8 of the Constitution led to the identification of legal arguments as the basis for assessing that the arrangement of the reception of international law in the legal order of the Republic of Slovenia has not been considered properly, it is unclear and is organisationally and systematically undetermined. Based on the results, the following proposals are offered for the reformed model: (1) to amend Article 8 of the Constitution(2) to correct the Act Regulating the Internal Organisation and System of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs(3) to amend Article 21 on publication of the Decree on Publishing in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Slovenia(4) and to adopt the Government decision "Translation and redaction of the judgements and decisions of international courts and arbitral tribunals"