Invitro antioxidant capacity, phytochemical screening and Gas chromatography GC-MS analysis of Ethanol root extract of Sphenocentrum jollyanum (Pierre)

Background: In-vivo antioxidants potentials of Sphenocentrum jollyanum had been reported in disease conditions. However, there is a paucity of information on its invitro capacity compared to standard antioxidants. The objective of the study is to screen ethanol root extract of Sphenocentrum jollyanum (SJE) for its invitro antioxidants capacity and phytochemical components.Methodology: Antioxidant capacity and phytochemical content were determined using ABTS DPPH and GC-MS techniquesResults: Free radicals were scavenged by SJE in all the In vitro methods used in a concentration dependent manner. Howbeit, the free radical scavenging ability and reducing power potentials of SJE were significantly lower (p<0.05) when compared to standard antioxidants such as Trolox and Vit.E The qualitative screening shows the presence of alkaloids, phenols, phlobatanins, saponins, tannins, amino acid and reducing sugar while GC-MS revealed thirty-four plant bioactive principles among which are members of Octadecadienoic acid family including 12-Octadecadienoic acid, ethyl ester also known as Linoleic acid.Conclusion: Sphenocentrum jollyanum ethanol root extract possesses antioxidant capacity and important phytochemicals that can be useful in the design, synthesis, and advancement of new medications

Managerial information needs of members of national cotton association of Nigeria in Ogun State, Nigeria

This study investigated managerial information needs of members of National Cotton Association of Nigeria (NACOTTAN) in Ogun state. The study was carried out in three selected zones with NACOTTAN presence namely; Ijaka-oke, Imala and Iwoye-ketu . A sample size of 88 respondents was used for the study. Data was collected through questionnaires and was analysed using descriptive statistics. Results reveal that the mean age of respondents was 50.5 years, while 51.2% of the respondents were above 50 years and 32.3% had no formal education. The major constraints affecting the association were insincerity of executives on accountability ( X =3.73), unstable market price of cotton ( X = 3.66) and low level of technology ( X = 3.50). Farmers’ educational status was significantly associated with managerial information needs (χ2=13.14, p=0.04) while, significant difference existed in respondents’ managerial information needs across selected zones (F=11.78, P=0.01). Study concluded that NACOTTAN members had high managerial information needs. Therefore the association members need to improve on their activities, for the association’s managerial information needs to be met

Hepato-toxicological and lipid profile of male Wistar rats following chronic carbamazepine, gabapentin, and carbamazepine-gabapentin adjunctive treatment

Aim: This study evaluated the hepatotoxicity and lipid profiles of male Wistar rats following chronic carbamazepine (CBZ), gabapentin (GBP) and carbamazepine-gabapentin (CBZ+GBP) adjunctive treatment. Methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomized into 4 groups (n = 7) to receive daily oral administration of normal saline (0.2ml), or CBZ (25 mg/kg), or GBP (50 mg/kg), or the sub-therapeutic dose of CBZ (12.5 mg/kg) and GBP (25 mg/kg) combination for 56 days. Thereafter, blood and liver homogenate were subjected to biochemical analysis, while liver tissues were processed for the histomorphological investigation. Data were analysed statistically, while p< 0.05 was taken as level of significance. Results: Activities of alanine phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase significantly increased in the CBZ and CBZ + GBP treated rat.  CBZ and CBZ + GBP treatments increased the plasma concentration of low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol. The liver concentration of malondialdehyde increased significantly in all the treated groups relative to control. There were severe vascular congestions in theliver of the CBZ treated rats, this was moderate in the GBP and CBZ + GBP treated rats. Conclusion: Chronic use of CBZ may induce hepatotoxicity and lipid profile derangement, GBP and CBZ + GBP adjunctive treatment may be saver than treatment with CBZ.&nbsp