Assessing Sexual Function of Women after 12 Months of IUD Usage

The Intrauterine Device (IUD) is a well-accepted method of contraception. Most women are currently using it because of its effectiveness, longevity, and affordability. Moreover, users need no strict routine instructions for IUD. However, many women in the absence of any pre-existing conditions that may impair sexual functions discontinue the method due to poor sexual satisfaction. This paper aims to assess and measure the effects of IUDs on sexual function in women with no underlying condition over a period of 12 months. This study employed a longitudinal approach. To be eligible to participate, the study enrolled 260 women who have chosen to use IUDs willingly on their own at these selected centers during this period and are aged 20 years and above. It collected data at baseline and at 12 months of use. Measurements at these two timelines were done using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). The prevalence of female sexual dysfunction among participants after 12 months was 47.7% (124). In the analysis of Mean scores, FSFI at baseline and at 12 months was 31.31 and 24.76 respectively (p<0.05). Significantly reduced scores (p=0.001), for all the six domains (desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain) of sexual function were noted. Desire and pain were the most affected areas of sexual function with very low scores. Without any underlying and related triggers of sexual health, the study discovered that IUDs have the potentials to cause female sexual dysfunction in almost half of its users

Repair of spontaneous perineal laceration at delivery, a cultural taboo: a case report

Although genital trauma is a recognized maternal complication of vaginal birth, the presence of skilled birth attendants at delivery and judicious use of episiotomy has been shown to reduce this risk to the barest minimum. Prompt repair of these traumas averts the resultant complicationsthat may arise. A case of a booked 18-year-old nulliparous Guinea-Conakry woman with a  second-degree perineal tear who declined repairdue to a cultural reason is presented. The need for supervised delivery as well as immediate and long-term health implications of her decision isdiscussed.Keywords: Perineal laceration, Genital trauma,Skilled/unskilled birth attendant, vaginaldelivery/childbirth, custom, belief, haemorrhag

The association between sperm quality and asymptomatic chlamydial infection in infertile men at a private fertility clinic in Nigeria

Background: Association between chlamydia trachomatis infection and male infertility is debated in literature. There is little or no information from Nigeria. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of chlamydial infection and its association with sperm quality parameters among asymptomatic men that present for infertility treatment in a Nigeria facility.Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at a private assisted conception clinic in Lagos, Nigeria among 138 men seeking infertility care. Seminal fluid analysis and IgG Chlamydial serology were performed for each participant. Data obtained were analysed using SPSS; p was significant at <0.05.Results: Of the 138 men screened, 13.9% were Chlamydia-positive. Twenty-one per cent of clients who tested positive to Chlamydia had predominantly immotile sperm, compared with 10.2% without the infection; 26.3% with non-progressive motility had Chlamydia, compared with 2.8% men who were not infected. These differences were statistically significant (p = 0.001). More of those (57.9%) with Chlamydia (compared to 33.1% without) had significant leukocyte counts (p = 0.037). There were no statistically significant differences in sperm count and percent motility between serologically positive and negative men.Conclusion: Positive Chlamydia serology is associated with non-progressive motility and leukocytospermia in infertile Nigerian men.Keywords: Chlamydia, semen analysis, infertilit

Knowledge of the Human Papilloma Virus vaccines, and opinions of Gynaecologists on its implementation in Nigeria

The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge and perception of Nigerian Obstetricians and Gynaecologists towards human papilloma virus vaccine use in Nigeria. A cross sectional study was conducted amongst participants that attended the 42nd Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of Nigeria. The findings revealed that 44.5% knew the correct HPV vaccine schedule. Regarding implementation in Nigeria, 87.4% suggested its incorporation into the national immunization program and about a third agreed that it should be a precondition for school enrolment. Regression analysis showed that senior residents were more likely to have adequate knowledge of the vaccine compared to junior residents (AOR 7.181 95% CI OR=1.792 – 28.782). We conclude that the knowledge of eligibility and schedule is poor. It is recommended that adequate information should be provided to this group of health workers because of their strategic position in its implementation in Nigeria (Afr J Reprod Health 2013); 17[2]:150-156).Keywords: Human papilloma Virus Vaccine, HPV, Knowledge, Perception, Nigeri

Big Data, eEducation and Mass Communication in Nigerian Universities

A new world is emerging where massive data drives everything, including communication. Today, global obligation to study big data necessitates a reassessment of local communication syllabuses. This study examines the curricula content of communication studies in three leading universities in Nigeria, applying the 2017 global webometric ranking results as the key selection benchmark. Using the framing procedure, the study content analyses the prospectuses of University of Ibadan, a federal university; Covenant University, a private university; and Lagos State University, a State-owned university. Research result shows that data supporting statistics courses are taught but none of the universities currently teaches big data either as a course or a module in their communication programmes. It concludes that given the pedigree of most of the faculty members profiled, big data may have been discussed in the course of teaching; however, there is the need to rethink the course layouts to house big data as a sequence in Nigerian universities. It recommends that the National Universities Commission and other stakeholders should quickly review communication syllabuses to accommodate big data studies in order to improve the global competitiveness of Nigerian universities and the students

Menace of Waste Dumping Along Median Strips and Drainage in Ogun State: a Development Communication Approach

Waste dumping along the median strips and drainages is fast becoming a norm among residents of Ogun State. This study sought to investigate the reasons why residents dump refuse along the median strips ; to what extent are they aware of the statutory provisions against the menace as well as find how their knowledge of the health and environmental consequences of Waste Dumping along the median Strip and Drainages. Theory of planned behaviour connected to the research area was reviewed thereby clarifying the main topic and aiding the data collection. The research methodology of survey and in-depth interview were used in the study. An interview was conducted with the Permanent Secretary Cabinet Matter in the Ogun State Government. A structured designed questionnaire was administered to a randomly selected sample of 300 respondents. 150 respondents each in Idiroko Expresss Road Ota, Ogun State and the Adatan/Lafenwa Road, Abeokuta, Ogun State. The result of the study revealed that Government, believes that the practice of the people is unjustifiable, describing it as an act of total indiscipline. Although residents of Ogun State are aware of the wrongness of dumping waste along the median strips and drainages, results from the findings of the survey revealed that 54% of the respondents attributed illicit waste dumping act to the long distance of waste containers, 56.3% related their actions to non-availability of waste dump site. The study further shows that 80.2% of the sampled population expressed knowledge of the existence of laws against dumping of waste along median strips and drainages. The study therefore concluded that on the need for an urgent shift from Mongolic to Dialogic communication in curbing the deepening behavioural pattern of dumping waste along the median strips and drainages by residents of Ogun Stat

Information Use and Knowledge of HIV/Hepatitis B Co-Infection in Lagos, Nigeria

Achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 3.3 is hinged on effective use of information sources for health communication interventions. This study investigated the knowledge of residents of Lagos Nigeria on HIV/HBV co-infection and the use of information sources. The study adopted the quantitative research method of survey to find out the knowledge level of residents of Lagos, Nigeria on the HIV/HBV co-infection. While the bivariate analysis presented cross tabular data on knowledge level, the multivariate was used to test highlight the hypothesis. The study indicated that more than 75% of the respondents had heard of HIV and HBV co-infection. The result established a significant relationship between the use of information sources and the knowledge on HBV/HIV co-infection. Despite the knowledge on HBV/HIV co-infection, the study concluded on the need for preventive information campaigns to create awareness to mitigate the increasing cases of HBV/HIV co-infection cum motivates individuals toward healthy lifestyle practices

Assessing the One-Lecture-One-Test Learning Model in Undergraduate Journalism Program Using Cohort Design

The one-lecture-one-test (OLOT) is a learning model that compels students to write a short test after every lecture for a score that counts toward the continuous assessment and the overall grade. This is different from the traditional system in most universities which allows only two or three tests or assignments. In spite of the accolades for better grades, higher lecture attendance, higher concentration, interest and participation in class which it received when the findings from a one-year survey were presented to the participants at a notable international conference, the model still lacks prominence among lecturers. The unimpressive visibility, according to critics, is on the grounds that the technique would have to be investigated in a longitudinal study to determine its reliability as a learning system. This article presents the reports of a cohort study of journalism teaching over a period of three academic sessions. Improvements in students‟ performance in the foregoing parameters were visible and consistent with the one-year investigation. Unimpressively, however, it turned out that lack of precision in grading constituted a vulnerable point that the adopters of the system would have to tackle in order to further make the system attractive

Potentials of Internet of Things for effective public relations activities: Are professionals ready?

The research explored public relations professionals’ views on the potentials of adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) for their functions. High level of competitiveness in business engendered by globalization and technological advancement has made relationship-building sacrosanct to business survival. The advent of Internet-based communication has increased the sophistication of the target audience of public relations, which requires a matching upgrade of the technological versatility of practitioners. Decisions on customer satisfaction are increasingly based on data and the best sources of data are the customers themselves. Consequently, the IoT offers an unprecedented avenue for data gathering through the “assistance” of customers themselves. This study, therefore, adopted an online survey to evaluate the views of 100 public relations professionals on their need for IoT, and a t-test was used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that independent public relations firms or agencies were more likely to adopt IoT for their activities than in-house departments. It was recommended that public relations professionals should explore actively the benefits of IoT for advanced operations

Sources of Contraceptive Commodities for Users in Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Understanding the sources of contraceptive commodities is an important aspect of the delivery of family planning services and is required by planning programme managers for strategic planning purposes. Findings from the 2003 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey have previously showed that the private sector was the most frequently reported source of contraceptive supply, providing contraception to two and a half times as many women as the public sector. We conducted a community-based study to examine further the sources of contraceptive commodity for users in Nigeria with a view to identifying their preferences for distribution centres. This information would be useful to improve commodity distribution and to build the necessary capacity for satisfactory delivery of contraceptives. METHODS AND FINDINGS: A multi-stage random sampling technique was used. A state was randomly selected to represent each of the four health zones in Nigeria. Two local government areas (LGAs) were then selected representing both urban and rural areas. Ten enumeration areas were subsequently selected from each LGA. Of the 2,001 respondents aged 15–49 years, 1,647 (82.3%) were sexually active, out of which 244 were found to be using contraceptive methods at the time of the study, giving a contraceptive prevalence of 14.8%. The commonest source of information on contraceptives was through friends (34%), followed by the radio (11.5%) and husbands (10.2%). Most respondents procured their contraceptives from chemist/patent medicine shops (19.7%), while only 0.8% obtained them from designated family planning clinics. The younger groups in this study (15–24 years), single people, Catholics, and Muslims, showed a greater preference for chemist/patent medicine shops for their sources of contraceptives. The older groups and married respondents, however, made use of government and private hospitals to obtain their contraceptives. CONCLUSION: Strategies to increase contraceptive use must take into consideration these identified sources of contraceptives with a view to enhancing the quality, quantity, and variety of methods available, and to building capacity for effective service delivery. There is also a need to encourage the establishment of adolescent-friendly clinics where young people can go for counselling and obtain contraceptives of their choice, including emergency contraceptive pills