Non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (NRILN); Report of a case

Recurrent nerve (inferior laryngeal nerve) injury in thyroid surgery is a very severe and serious complication that impairs patient’s quality of life and it is one of the major complications in thyroid surgery. If the recurrent nerve can be detected during the surgery, injury can be prevented. We report a case of a woman with right non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (NRILN) branching from the vagus nerve directly at the level of the right thyroid upper lobe in thyroid surgery. NRILN is a very rare anatomic variation and is associated with aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA). In such cases, preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography should be monitored closely to avoid injuring this nerve

Non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (NRILN); Report of a case

Recurrent nerve (inferior laryngeal nerve) injury in thyroid surgery is a very severe and serious complication that impairs patient’s quality of life and it is one of the major complications in thyroid surgery. If the recurrent nerve can be detected during the surgery, injury can be prevented. We report a case of a woman with right non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (NRILN) branching from the vagus nerve directly at the level of the right thyroid upper lobe in thyroid surgery. NRILN is a very rare anatomic variation and is associated with aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA). In such cases, preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography should be monitored closely to avoid injuring this nerve

Fabrication and Characterization of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Copper Phthalocyanine Complex with Tetracyanoquinodimethane

In this paper, the fabrication and characterization of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells using decaphenylpentacyclosilane, copper phthalocyanine complex (CuPc) doped with tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), was performed. The effects of a carboxylic acid, amino, or sulfonic acid sodium salt group, substituted with CuPc doped with TCNQ, on photovoltaic properties was investigated to improve carrier generation and diffusion related to short-circuit current density. The incorporation of carboxylic acid or amino, substituted with CuPc doped with TCNQ, would optimize the tuning energy levels of the valence band, promoting charge transfer and diffusion with a suppressing trap near the interface in the hole-transporting layer