880 research outputs found
ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MUIJTIWALL CARBON NANOTUBES
Article先進繊維技術科学に関する研究報告 平成11年度成果報告 6: 17-19(2000)research repor
Reversible Fluorination of Graphene: towards a Two-Dimensional Wide Bandgap Semiconductor
We report the synthesis and evidence of graphene fluoride, a two-dimensional
wide bandgap semiconductor derived from graphene. Graphene fluoride exhibits
hexagonal crystalline order and strongly insulating behavior with resistance
exceeding 10 G at room temperature. Electron transport in graphene
fluoride is well described by variable-range hopping in two dimensions due to
the presence of localized states in the band gap. Graphene obtained through the
reduction of graphene fluoride is highly conductive, exhibiting a resistivity
of less than 100 k at room temperature. Our approach provides a new
path to reversibly engineer the band structure and conductivity of graphene for
electronic and optical applications.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, revtex, to appear in PR
Photoluminescence from nanocrystalline graphite monofluoride
We synthesize and study the structural and optical properties of
nanocrystalline graphene monofluoride and graphite monofluoride, which are
carbon-based wide bandgap materials. Using laser excitations 2.41 - 5.08 eV, we
identify six emission modes of graphite monofluoride, spanning the visible
spectrum from red to violet. The energy and linewidth of the modes point to
defect-induced midgap states as the source of the photoemission. We discuss
possible candidates. Our findings open the window to electro-optical
applications of graphene fluoride.Comment: 11 pages including supporting information, 2 figure
Improvement of immunodiagnosis of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infection by the detection of IgM and IgG antibodies using a new recombinant nucleoprotein-based Elisa.
Projeto/Plano de Ação: 05.11.11.002
Early immune responses and development of pathogenesis of avian infectious bronchitis viruses with different virulence profiles.
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) primarily replicates in epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract of chickens, inducing both morphological and immune modulatory changes. However, the association between the local immune responses induced by IBV and the mechanisms of pathogenesis has not yet been completely elucidated. This study compared the expression profile of genes related to immune responses in tracheal samples after challenge with two Brazilian field isolates (A and B) of IBV from the same genotype, associating these responses with viral replication and with pathological changes in trachea and kidney. We detected a suppressive effect on the early activation of TLR7 pathway, followed by lower expression levels of inflammatory related genes induced by challenge with the IBV B isolate when compared to the challenge with to the IBV A isolate. Cell-mediated immune (CMI) related genes presented also lower levels of expression in tracheal samples from birds challenged with B isolate at 1dpi. Increased viral load and a higher percentage of birds with relevant lesions were observed in both tracheal and renal samples from chickens exposed to challenge with IBV B isolate. This differential pattern of early immune responses developed after challenge with IBV B isolate, related to the downregulation of TLR7, leading to insufficient pro-inflammatory response and lower CMI responses, seem to have an association with a most severe renal lesion and an enhanced capability of replication of this isolate in chicken
Levels of antibodies against babesia bigemina and babesia bovis in cows and calves by elisa using recombinant antigens.
Bovine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease that cause fever, anaemia, haemoglobinuria, and ataxia, consequently resulting in losses for the livestock industry. Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis are considered endemic in the region of this study
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