20 research outputs found
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN THE EFFECT OF HISTAMINE RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS OF TYPE II (FAMOTIDINE) AND PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS (OMEPRAZOLE) ON THE EFFICACY OF CALCIUM CARBONATE AS PHOSPHATE BINDER IN HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENT
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of famotidine versus omeprazole on the efficacy of calcium carbonate as a phosphate binder in the hemodialysis patient.Methods: From February 2014 to June 2014 a total number of 64 patients of both sexes were recruited from the department of renal dialysis, Tanta University Hospital, Egypt. Patients categorized into 3 groups. Group I (control group) consisted of 20 Patients (10) females and (10) males take calcium carbonate (caco3) (2.5–4 g/d) only, Group II consisted of 21 Patients (13) females and (8) males take the same dose of caco3 with famotidine 10 mg/d and Group III consisted of 23 Patients (8) females and (15) male take the same dose caco3 with omeprazole 20 mg/d.Results: All data are expressed as the mean±SD. Group II showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in serum phosphorus at 3rd mo with significant decreased (p<0.05) in serum calcium comparing with pre-treatment. Group III showed no significant change (p>0.05) in serum calcium, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone (PTH) comparing with pre-treatment. Both groups (II and III) showed a significant decrease in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p<0.05).Conclusion: Co-administration of famotidine with calcium carbonate aggravates hyperphosphatemia and this may increase the incidence of complications. The efficacy of calcium carbonate as a phosphate binder was not affected by co-administration of omeprazole
SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 disease severity are associated with genetic variants affecting gene expression in a variety of tissues
Variability in SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 disease severity between individuals is partly due to
genetic factors. Here, we identify 4 genomic loci with suggestive associations for SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility
and 19 for COVID-19 disease severity. Four of these 23 loci likely have an ethnicity-specific component.
Genome-wide association study (GWAS) signals in 11 loci colocalize with expression quantitative trait loci
(eQTLs) associated with the expression of 20 genes in 62 tissues/cell types (range: 1:43 tissues/gene),
including lung, brain, heart, muscle, and skin as well as the digestive system and immune system. We perform
genetic fine mapping to compute 99% credible SNP sets, which identify 10 GWAS loci that have eight or fewer
SNPs in the credible set, including three loci with one single likely causal SNP. Our study suggests that the
diverse symptoms and disease severity of COVID-19 observed between individuals is associated with variants across the genome, affecting gene expression levels in a wide variety of tissue types
Loss Aversion, Adaptive Beliefs, and Asset Pricing Dynamics
We study asset pricing dynamics in artificial financial markets model. The financial market is populated with agents following two heterogeneous trading beliefs, the technical and the fundamental prediction rules. Agents switch between trading rules with respect to their past performance. The agents are loss averse over asset price fluctuations. Loss aversion behaviour depends on the past performance of the trading strategies in terms of an evolutionary fitness measure. We propose a novel application of the prospect theory to agent-based modelling, and by simulation, the effect of evolutionary fitness measure on adaptive belief system is investigated. For comparison, we study pricing dynamics of a financial market populated with chartists perceive losses and gains symmetrically. One of our contributions is validating the agent-based models using real financial data of the Egyptian Stock Exchange. We find that our framework can explain important stylized facts in financial time series, such as random walk price behaviour, bubbles and crashes, fat-tailed return distributions, power-law tails in the distribution of returns, excess volatility, volatility clustering, the absence of autocorrelation in raw returns, and the power-law autocorrelations in absolute returns. In addition to this, we find that loss aversion improves market quality and market stability
A comparative study of endoscopic ultrasonography versus endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in children with chronic liver disease
Prognostic Significance Of Cebpa Mutations And Baalc Expression In Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients With Normal Karyotype
Aim : The aim of this work is to study the prognostic impact of
muta-tions in the myeloid transcription factor gene CEBPA (for
CCAAT/en-hancer binding protein-a) and expression of the BAALC gene
(for brain and acute leukemia, cytoplasmic), a novel gene involved in
leukemia,in 38 adults with AML and normal cytogenetics. Method:
Screening for mutations of CEBPA gene was assessed using
PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP), and BAALC
expression was determined by real-time reverse transcriptase
poly-merase chain reaction in blood or bone marrow samples. Result:
CEBPA mutations were found in 7 (18.4%) of 38 patients, 36.8% (14 of
38) had low BAALC expression and 63.2 % (24 of 38) had high BAALC
expression. Patients with CEBPA mutations had favorable course of their
disease. They had higher rate of complete remission (CR) (85.7 % vs
51.6 %; p= 0.108), lower incidence of relapse (0% vs 41.9%; p= 0.038).
Disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were
significantly longer for patients with CEBPA mutations compared with
patients without mutations (mean 13.65±5.41 vs 7.32±4.33
months,p= 0.047; mean 15.32±6.5 vs 8.5±3.21 months, p= 0.039;
respectively). Compared to low BAALC expressers, high BAALC expressers
had lower incidence of CR (50% vs 71.4%; p= 0.171), higher incidence of
relapse (50% vs 14.3%; p= 0.029), and showed significantly shorter DFS
(mean 7.5±2.12 vs 11.67±4.6 months, p= 0.038) and inferior
overall survival (mean 9.1±3.52 vs 13.22±4.21 months, p=
0.024). Conclusion : From this study, we can conclude that CEBPA
mutation status and BAALC expression are important prognostic factors
in AML patients with normal cytogenetics and their incorporation into
novel risk-adapted therapeutic strategies will improve the currently
disap-pointing cure rate of this group of patients
A comparative study of endoscopic ultrasonography versus endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in children with chronic liver disease
Background: Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is a less invasive
modality and may be equal or superior to endoscopic retrograde
cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in visualizing the biliary tree. Its
role and feasibility in children need to be accurately defined. Aim:
This study aimed at evaluation of EUS in assessment of children with
chronic liver disease (CLD) in comparison with ERCP. Materials and
Methods: The present study was carried out between September 2004 and
February 2006 on 40 children suffering from CLD. Patients were selected
from the Pediatric Hepatology Unit, Cairo University Children′s
Hospital, Egypt. They were included if they had: sonographic (n = 8) or
histopathological evidence of biliary pathology (n = 2); autoimmune
hepatitis with high gamma glutammyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels and/or
not responding to immunosuppressive therapy (n = 15); cryptogenic CLD
(n = 13); neonatal cholestasis with relapsing or persistent course (n =
2). They all underwent EUS and ERCP. Results: Three of six cases with
intrahepatic biliary radicle dilatation had Caroli′s disease by
EUS and ERCP; and the other 3 had sclerosing cholangitis. EUS was equal
to ERCP in diagnosis of biliary pathology. However, one false positive
case was described to have dilatation and tortuosity of the pancreatic
duct by EUS as compared to ERCP. EUS could detect early pancreatitis in
5 cases. One case with cryptogenic liver disease proved to have
sclerosing cholangitis by both EUS and ERCP. Conclusion: EUS is an
important diagnostic tool for biliary pathology and pancreatitis in
children with pancreatico-biliary pathology. ERCP should be reserved
for therapeutic purposes
Role Of Peroxisome Proliferator- Activated Receptor Gamma2 (Ppar-γG2) Gene Polymorphism In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Objective: To find out the relation between Pro 12 Ala polymorphism
of peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor gamma2 (PPAR-g2) gene
with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the possible role of this gene
polymorphism as a link between obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Subjects and Methods: Subjects of this study were classified into 3
groups: (15) Apparently healthy lean individuals (Group I), (15) obese
non diabetic individuals (group II) and (24) patients with type 2
diabetes mellitus (group III). This group divided into: Diabetic non
obese patients (12 patients) (Group IIIa) and: Diabetic obese patients
(12 patients) (Group IIIb). The subjects were subjected to clinical
examination, serum insulin level and estimation of PPAR-g2 gene
polymorphism by Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)
polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Frequency of Pro allele was
significant increase in diabetic non obese patients& diabetic non
obese patients when compared to control group (P= 0.048 and 0.003,
respectively). However, there was no difference between obese non
diabetic group and control group as regard the allelic frequencies (p=
0.462). While diabetic non obese patients had higher Pro allele
frequency (p= 0.003) than in diabetic obese patients (p= 0.048).
Insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) was
significantly increased in Pro/Pro carriers in group II and group III
when compared to that of Pro/Ala plus Ala/Ala carriers (p= 0.004 and
0.023; respectively). Conclusion: Pro12 allele of PPAR-g2 gene could
be a genetic risk factor for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
mellitus
Sleep disorders in hemodialysis patients
The prevalence of sleep disorders is higher in patients with kidney failure than the general population. We studied the prevalence of sleep disorders in 88 (mean age; 41.59 ± 16.3 years) chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients at the Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura Uni-versity, Egypt over 4-month period. The investigated sleep disorders included insomnia, restless leg syndrome (RLS), obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), narcolepsy and sleep walking, and we used a questionnaire in accordance with those of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group, the Berlin questionnaire, Italian version of Epworth Sleepiness Scale, International Classification of Sleep Disorders, and the specific ques-tions of Hatoum′s sleep questionnaire. The prevalence of sleep disorders was 79.5% in our pa-tients, and the most common sleep abnormality was insomnia (65.9%), followed by RLS (42%), OSAS (31.8%), snoring (27.3%), EDS (27.3%), narcolepsy (15.9%), and sleep walking (3.4%). Insomnia correlated with anemia (r=0.31, P= 0.003), anxiety (r=0.279, P= 0.042), depression (r=0.298, P= 0.24) and RLS (r=0.327, P= 0.002). Also, RLS correlated with hypoalbuminemia (r=0.41, P= < 0.0001), anemia (r=0.301 and P= 0.046), hyperphosphatemia (r=0.343 and P= 0.001). EDS correlated with OSAS (r=0.5, P= < 0.0001), snoring (r=0.341, P= 0.001), and social worry (r=0.27, P= 0.011). Sleep disorders are quite common in the HD patients, especially those who are anemic and hypoalbuminemic. Assessment of sleep quality, preferably with polysomno-graphy, is necessary to confirm our results. Interventional studies for management of sleep disor-ders in HD patients are warranted