Minimum Verification test set for combinational circuit

A sufficient condition under which a minimum verification test set (MVTS) for a combinational circuit has 2w elements is derived, where w is the maximum number of inputs on which any output depends, and an algorithm to find an NVTS with 2w elements for any CUT with up to four outputs is described</p

Proof that akers' algorithm for locally exhaustive testing gives minimum test sets of combinational circuits with up to four outputs

In this paper, we prove that Akers' test generation algorithm for the locally exhaustive testing gives a minimum test set (MLTS) for every combinational circuit (CUT) with up to four outputs. That is, we clarify that Akers' test pattern generator can generate an MLTS for such CUT</p

Increase of Residential Electricity Consumption in Urban and Rural China by Province

We have developed a projection model to investigate the inter-regional and intra-regional urban-rural characteristics of the current residential electricity demand in China. We have specifically focused on residential electricity demand pertaining to three major appliances; refrigerator, color-TVs and air-conditioners for cooling. The model integrates factors such as population and income growth, and urban-rural disparity of individual factors are also reflected. The relationship between income growth and appliance penetration is investigated and future residential electricity demand is projected for urban and rural areas of individual province. We postulated three scenarios i.e. 1) Base Line scenario 2) Rural Growth Scenario 3) Energy EfficiencySc enario by 2020 and conducted scenario analysis. The Base Line case projected that the total urban REC will approximately triple and the total rural REC will almost five times by 2020. The expected population growth and falling household membership will increase urban REC, whereas the penetration increase is the main driving force for rural REC growth. The Rural Growth Scenario resulted in the largest total REC among all Scenarios, suggesting rural growth plays a key role in determining the future REC in China.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Improvement of detectability for CMOS floating gate defects in supply current test

We already proposed a supply current test method for detecting floating gate defects in CMOS ICs. In the method, increase of the supply current caused by defects is promoted by superposing a sinusoidal signal on the supply voltage. In this study, we propose one way to improve detectability of the method for the defects. They are detected by analyzing the frequency of supply current and judging whether secondary harmonics of the sinusoidal signal exist or not. Effectiveness of our way is confirmed by some experiments.</p

Testing for the programming circuit of LUT-based FPGAs

The programming circuit of look-up table based FPGAs consists of two shift registers, a control circuit and a configuration memory (SRAM) cell array. Because the configuration memory cell array can be easily tested by conventional test methods for RAMs, we focus on testing for the shift registers. We show that the testing can be done by using only the faculties of the programming circuit, without using additional hardware</p

Design of a hybrid plasmonic waveguide device using a trench structure

A hybrid plasmonic waveguide device was designed using a trench structure. This waveguide device was designed to improve the affinity of plasmonic devices with optical circuits by connecting them with traditional waveguide structures. The waveguide device consists of three structural segments, comprising two traditional waveguide sections for input and transmission and a hybrid plasmonic waveguide. The designed waveguide structure was evaluated using numerical analysis techniques such as the finite-difference time-domain method. The device's transmission property affects the interference between the guided light and the surface plasmon polaritons. Controlling the length of the hybrid waveguide device, which is composed of a traditional waveguide coated with a gold layer, allows the transmission intensity of the device to be controlled. The device's transmission characteristic can be controlled based on the relationship between the wavelength of the incident light and the length of the hybrid waveguide device. The device will transmit only specific incident light wavelengths because the length of the hybrid plasmonic waveguide remains constant. The characteristics of this device indicate potential for applications to nanoscale devices, optical integrated circuits and plasmonic sensors