26 research outputs found
Perioperative coronary artery spasms in patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation
博士(医学)甲日本医科大学202
Relationship between Human Evolution and Neurally Mediated Syncope Disclosed by the Polymorphic Sites of the Adrenergic Receptor Gene α2B-AR
<div><p>The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of disease on neurally mediated syncope (NMS) during an acute stress reaction. We analyzed the mechanism of the molecular interaction and the polymorphisms of the alpha-2 adrenoreceptor (α2B-AR) gene as the potential psychiatric cause of incentive stress. We focused on the following three genotypes of the repeat polymorphism site at Glu 301–303 in the α2B-AR gene: Glu12/12, Glu12/9, and Glu9/9. On the basis of our clinical research, NMS is likely to occur in people with the Glu12/9 heterotype. To verify this, we assessed this relationship with the interaction of Gi protein and adenylate cyclase by <i>in silico</i> analysis of the Glu12/9 heterotype. By measuring the difference in the dissociation time of the Gi-α subunit twice, we found that the Glu12/9 heterotype suppressed the action of adenylate cyclase longer than the Glu homotypes. As this difference in the Glu repeat number effect is thought to be one of the causes of NMS, we investigated the evolutionary significance of the Glu repeat number. Glu8 was originally repeated in simians, while the Glu12 repeats occurred over time during the evolution of bipedalism in humans. Taken with the Glu12 numbers, NMS would likely become a defensive measure to prevent significant blood flow to the human brain.</p></div
Phylogenetic tree constructed by the unweighted pair group method method showing the complete mtDNA region (16,750 bp) of 3 <i>Homo sapiens sapiens</i> and 6 primates and suggesting the evolution of the Glu9 and Glu12 repeats in the α2B-AR gene.
<p>The variability of the Glu repeats increased during the evolution of early primates to humans. This development likely changed the role of vasoconstriction in blood pressure while in an upright position.</p
Alignment of the α2B-AR sequences for the Glu repeat sites.
<p><sup>1</sup> Amino acids number may vary species to species.</p><p>Alignment of the α2B-AR sequences for the Glu repeat sites.</p