Education: Demand and Supply of Teachers for Primary Schools in the 21st Century Nigeria

How to ensure Nigerians have access to Universal Basic Education has often attracted the attention of some States and Federal Government of Nigeria since 1955. Several factors, bordering on supply of teachers, facilities, finance have constrained implementation of well fashioned policies. Demand and supply of teachers for primary schools have serious consequences on the implementation of primary school education in Nigeria. This paper explores the demand and supply of teachers for primary schools in the 21st century in Nigeria especially with the introduction of Universal Basic Education in Nigeria and attempts to ensure the attainment of United Nations Millennium Development Goals and Education for All (EFA) by the year 2015

Influence of Peer Victimization on School Attendance among Senior Secondary School Students in Uromi Metropolis

The study investigated the influence of peer victimization on school attendance among senior secondary school students in Uromi metropolis. One research question and hypothesis was raised and formulated respectively to guide the study. Descriptive based on survey method was used as the research design of the study. The research participants were 589 public senior secondary school students drawn by simple random sampling from a population of eleven thousand, seven hundred and seventy (11,770) student in Uromi metropolis. The instruments used in this study were school attendance checklist and an adapted questionnaire titled: “Peer Victimization Questionnaire” with a reliability alpha (α) of 0.86 was completed by participants. Percentages and t-test statistical analysis was used to analyse the research question and test the hypothesis at 0.05 alpha level respectively. The result showed that there is no significant difference between victims and non-victims of drug abuse on their school attendance in the metropolis (p>0.05). The study therefore recommended that school anti-bullying rules and regulations must be strengthened and diligently enforced by the school authorities in the area.Key words: Peer victimization, Bullying, School Attendance, Students, Counsellin

Forging a deep learning neural network intrusion detection framework to curb the distributed denial of service attack

Today’s popularity of the internet has since proven an effective and efficient means of information sharing. However, this has consequently advanced the proliferation of adversaries who aim at unauthorized access to information being shared over the internet medium. These are achieved via various means one of which is the distributed denial of service attacks-which has become a major threat to the electronic society. These are carefully crafted attacks of large magnitude that possess the capability to wreak havoc at very high levels and national infrastructures. This study posits intelligent systems via the use of machine learning frameworks to detect such. We employ the deep learning approach to distinguish between benign exchange of data and malicious attacks from data traffic. Results shows consequent success in the employment of deep learning neural network to effectively differentiate between acceptable and non-acceptable data packets (intrusion) on a network data traffic

Information and Communication Technology (Ict) Integration Into Science, Technology, Engineering And Mathematic (Stem) In Nigeria

As Nigeria aspires for technological growth, positive changes need be made by placing proper educational values towards Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education. Some problems faced by STEM include lack of qualified teachers, curriculum, the misconception that STEM education is reserved for the less intelligent in the society, amongst others. Need thus arises, to develop alternative strategies to alleviate such problems. Bridging ICT and constructivism will exponentially change educational processes of both teachers and students to succeed as well as present new forms of learning environment. It will also unveil the power shift in educational structures; equip students to become knowledge producers rather than consumers. Thus, an ICT-Constructivist rich class will help teachers enfranchise, emancipate students academically with a framework that measures quality of engaged student’s learning. This paper aims to reveal links between effective use of ICT and the long neglected theory of constructivism in the area of STEM education. Keywords: Constructivism, Rationale, informatics, productivity, meida literacy, lifelong

RICE DISEASE RECOGNITION USING TRANSFER LEARNING XCEPTION CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK

As one of the major rice producers, Indonesia faces significant challenges related to plant diseases such as blast, brown spot, tugro, leaf smut, and blight. These diseases threaten food security and result in economic losses, underscoring the importance of early detection and management of rice diseases. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has proven effective in detecting diseases in rice plants. Specifically, transfer learning with CNN, particularly the Xception model, has the advantage of efficiently extracting automatic features and performing well even with limited datasets. This study aims to develop the Xception model for rice disease recognition based on leaf images. Through the fine-tuning process, the Xception model achieved accuracies, precisions, recalls, and F1-scores of 0.89, 0.90, 0.89, and 0.89, respectively, on a dataset with a total of 320 images. Additionally, the Xception model outperformed VGG16, MobileNetV2, and EfficientNetV2

A preliminary study on the antimicrobial activities and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the ethyl acetate extract of Dennettia tripetala G. Baker seeds

The study investigated the antimicrobial properties and the chemical composition of ethyl acetate extract of Dennettia tripetala (pepper fruit) seeds. Crude extract obtained by maceration of pulverized seeds in ethyl acetate was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger using standard agar-well diffusion method. GC-MS method was used to determine the chemical constituents of the extract. The extract was oily, yellowish-brown with a yield of 1.66 % and had activity against most of the test microorganisms, with inhibition zone diameters ranging between 10 to 25 mm. About 41 chemical constituents were present in the extract with formic acid methyl esters and fatty acids accounting for 57.23 and 18.49 % respectively. Ethyl acetate extract of Dennettia tripetala seeds possessed antimicrobial activity against bacteria but not fungi. The observed activity may be due to the presence of formic and fatty acid esters in the seed. The study further established a scientific proof for the traditional use of Dennettia tripetala seed extracts in treating microbial infections. &nbsp

Evidence of personality traits on phishing attack menace among selected university undergraduates in Nigerian

Access ease, mobility, portability, and improved speed have continued to ease the adoption of computing devices; while, consequently proliferating phishing attacks. These, in turn, have created mixed feelings in increased adoption and nosedived users’ trust level of devices. The study recruited 480-students, who were exposed to socially-engineered attack directives. Attacks were designed toretrieve personal dataand entice participants to access compromised links. Wesought to determine the risks of cybercrimes among the undergraduates in selected Nigerian universities, observe students’ responses and explore their attitudes before/after each attack. Participants were primed to remain vigilant to all forms of scams as WE sought to investigate attacks’ influence on gender, students’ status, and age to perceived safety on susceptibility to phishing. Results show that contrary to public beliefs, age, status, and gender were not among the factors associated with scam susceptibility and vulnerability rates of the participants. However, the study reports decreased user trust levels in the adoption of these new, mobile computing devices

The response to carbogen breathing in experimental tumour models monitored by gradient-recalled echo magnetic resonance imaging.

Gradient-recalled echo magnetic resonance imaging (GRE MRI), which gives information on blood flow and oxygenation changes (Robinson SP, Howe FA, Griffiths JR 1995, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 33: 855), was used to observe the responses of six rodent tumour models to carbogen breathing. In one transplanted rat tumour, the Morris hepatoma 9618a, and a chemically induced rat tumour, the MNU-induced mammary adenocarcinoma, there were marked image intensity increases, similar to those previously observed in the rat GH3 prolactinoma. In contrast, the rat Walker carcinosarcoma showed no response. In two mouse tumours, the RIF-1 fibrosarcoma and the human xenograft HT29, carbogen breathing induced a transient fall in signal intensity that reversed spontaneously within a few minutes. The rat GH3 prolactinoma was xenografted into nude mice, and an increase in image intensity was found in response to carbogen, suggesting that any effects that carbogen may have had on the host were not significant determinants of the tumour response. The increases in GRE image intensity of the MNU, H9618a and GH3 tumours during carbogen breathing are consistent with increases in tumour oxygenation and blood flow, whereas the responses of the RIF-1 and HT29 tumours may be the result of a transient steal effect followed by homeostatic correction

Hypoxia and oxidative stress in breast cancer: Tumour hypoxia – therapeutic considerations

Conclusive research has shown that regions of acute/chronic hypoxia, which exist within the majority of solid tumours, have a profound influence on the therapeutic outcome of cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy and are a strong prognostic factor of disease progression and survival. A strong argument therefore exists for assessing the hypoxic fraction of tumours, prior to patient treatment, and to tailor this treatment accordingly. Tumour hypoxia also provides a powerful physiological stimulus that can be exploited as a tumour-specific condition, allowing for the rationale design of hypoxia-activated anticancer drugs or novel hypoxia-regulated gene therapy strategies